全球研发投资10强企业

    “创新”这个词似乎已经泛滥成灾，原因是营销人员满世界地用它。那么，哪家公司在研发方面的实际投资最多呢？事实证明，企业研发支出额度已经达到了前所未有的水平。咨询公司思略特[Strategy&，前博斯公司（Booz & Co.）]的《全球创新1000强》报告（The Global Innovation 1000）为我们揭示了在创新方面投入最多的上市公司。该报告显示，去年这1000家企业的创新投资达到了创纪录的6470亿美元，较去年增长约90亿美元，而这一数字占全球创新总投资的五分之二。

    这些资金都用在了何处呢？在过去10年中，医疗保健和计算机这两个行业占据了全球研发总支出的半壁江山。其他资源密集型行业还包括汽车和软件。为了更好地了解大公司在研发预算方面的运用之道，《财富》（Fortune）杂志对思略特报告中的前10名企业进行了梳理，结果如下。

    “Innovative” has become, it seems, a trite descriptor, since marketing departments plaster the word everywhere. So who is actually investing the most in research and development? As it turns out, companies are spending more on R&D than ever before. The Global Innovation 1000, a list of public companies that spend the most on innovation, last year invested a record $647 billion, an increase of $9 billion over the previous year. That total represents two-fifths of all innovation spending by organizations worldwide, according to a report from Strategy&, the consultancy formerly known as Booz & Co.

    Where does all that money go? Over the past decade, two industries have accounted for half of all R&D spending: healthcare and computers. Other resource-intensive industries include healthcare, autos, and software. Fortune combed through the annual reports of Strategy&’s top 10 to learn more about how big companies spend their R&D budgets. Here’s what we found.

    1. 大众汽车

    • 2013年研发支出：135亿美元

    • 占收入的百分比：5.2%

    这家德国汽车厂商连续第三年在思略特研发开支榜单上独占鳌头。大众汽车（Volkswagen）表示，它为研发投入资金的原因在于，作为“竞争力强，善于创新的汽车制造商，大众必须全面满足一系列环保和安全标准。”该公司将很大一部分资金用于研发混合动力汽车和新技术，包括部分品牌（大众共有12个品牌）的半自动驾驶功能。该公司还打算全面降低所有车型的二氧化碳排放量，并通过多渠道投资让汽车向电动化迈进。

    1. Volkswagen

    • R&D spending in 2013: $13.5 billion

    • As a percentage of revenue: 5.2%

    For the third year in a row, the German carmaker tops the Strategy& list of research and development spenders. Volkswagen says its spending results from being a “highly competitive and innovative car manufacturer which must fulfill a whole host of environmental and safety standards.” Much of that spending has gone into hybrid vehicles and adding new technology, including semi-autonomous features to some of its 12 brands. It also is looking to reduce CO2 emissions across its fleet and invest in ways to electrify vehicles.