禁止转基因作物的六大地区

    Chipotle成为了首批在菜单中排除转基因原料的大型连锁餐厅之一。正如人们所知，转基因生物对人类健康的影响引发了持续不断的激烈争论。

    转基因生物是指那些遗传物质被基因工程技术修改过的食物产品。该技术可以在动物、细菌、植物和农作物上实现。它的理念是通过修改脱氧核糖核酸，让特定生物拥有更强的生命力和更高的产量。比如说，转基因作物的抗旱、耐药和防虫能力都更为出色。

    转基因生物非常普遍。在美国，有93%的玉米、94%的大豆和96%的棉花都是转基因作物。

    关于转基因安全问题的争论十分激烈。包括农业生化公司孟山都在内的制造商和一些农民表示：经过科学认证，转基因生物的种子是安全的，而它们的生命力之顽强是无可取代的。而其他一些组织，比如负责任技术研究所，则认为转基因生物威胁了人类健康，缺乏政府管制——至少在美国是如此。

    不过，其他许多国家和城市已经采取了措施来限制甚至完全禁止转基因生物。以下是一些不欢迎转基因作物的地区。还有越来越多地区正在加入这一行列。

    Chipotle has officially become one of the first major restaurant chains to erase genetically modified ingredients from its menus. GMOs, as they’re known, are a source of ongoing debate about their impact on human health.

    A GMO is any food product whose genetic material has been tweaked using genetic engineering techniques. This can be done in animals, bacterial, plants and crops. The idea is that altering the DNA can make certain items stronger and more productive. For example, crops are modified to better resist drought, pesticides or insects.

    GMOs are widespread. Up to 93% of corn, 94% of soybeans and 96% of cotton in the U.S. are genetically altered.

    The safety debate rages between one group, which includes manufacturers like Monsanto and some farmers, that say these seeds are scientifically proven to be safe and are irreplaceable due to their hardiness. Others, like the Institute for Responsible Technology, say GMOs are dangerous to human health and lack much government regulation–at least in the U.S.

    Many other countries and cities, however, have taken action to limit or altogether ban GMOs. Here’s a list of some of the growing number of areas that are limiting the reach of genetically engineered crops.

    俄罗斯

    俄罗斯在去年禁止种植转基因作物，并将在接下来的10年内限制进口。总理德米特里•梅德韦杰夫表示，俄罗斯还有“足够的空间和机遇来生产有机食品”。俄罗斯科学家力促政府出台这项禁令，以便彻底研究转基因作物对人类健康的影响。

    Russia

    Russia banned GMOs last year and restricted their import for the next 10 years. Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev said Russia has "enough space and opportunities to produce organic food." Russian scientists urged the moratorium in order to thoroughly study GMOs' effects on human health.