中国消费者日均消费仅7美元

中国中产阶层，仅占总人口的11%。

在7.7亿中国劳动人口中，仅有2%的人，其收入达到个人所得税的起征点。所有劳动人口的日均消费仅有7美元；相比之下，美国消费者平均每天消费97美元。

在高盛（Goldman Sachs）最近发布的有关中国消费者的研究报告中，有许多令人意外的研究结果。中国消费者通常被描述为中国占支配地位的一个群体，但事实上，从社会经济方面，中国消费者被分成了多个阶层，不能笼统地用一种说法来归纳。

高盛称，中国消费者分为四个不同群体：约140万富有城市居民，人均年收入超过500,000美元；1.46亿城市中产阶层，人均年收入11,700美元；2.36亿城市蓝领工人，人均年收入5,800美元；3.87亿农民工，人均年收入2,000美元。

他们与美国消费者有何区别？

中国消费者的将近一半收入被用在吃穿方面；美国消费者的吃穿消费占收入的比例（15%），与中国在穿衣这一项上的消费占收入比例基本相同。

高盛称：“随着可支配收入增加，中国的消费模式也会发生变化。但负担能力依旧会是一个问题，特别是对于‘城市大众阶层’来说。”

报告中的其他调查结果：

中国消费者休闲娱乐消费占收入的比例，仅有美国消费者的一半——如体育、旅行和健身等——但这一领域必会持续增长。这也解释了为何在中国经济增长放缓的形势下，阿迪达斯（Adidas）等公司依旧会在中国开设数千家店铺。

截至2030年，中国将有2.23亿老年人，相比之下美国仅有7,500万。这对于医疗设备和制药行业来说，有着重要的意义。

中产及中产以上阶层，是阿里巴巴集团成功的主要原因——中国电子商务快速增长的势头不会停止。2014年，中国快递包裹达到100亿件，比2006年增加了十倍，别忘了，现在中国的中产阶层，仅占总消费人数的11%。（财富中文网）

译者：刘进龙/汪皓

China’s middle class … just 11% of its population.

Of the country’s 770 million workers, only 2% make enough to qualify to pay income tax. But counting all those hundreds of millions of workers, their average daily spending comes to just $7; U.S. consumers, $97 a day.

Those are a few of the unexpected takeaways from Goldman Sachs’ just-released research on the country’s consumers, who are often described as China’s ascendent mass but in reality are separated socioeconomically into micro groups that don’t fit any single catch-all description.

Chinese consumers break down into four distinct groups, Goldman says: about 1.4 million rich urbanites with incomes above $500,000; 146 million urban middle class with incomes averaging $11,700; another 236 million urban blue collar workers making $5,800 annually; and 387 million rural workers, who bring in just $2,000 a year.

And wow, are they different from U.S. consumers.

Nearly half of Chinese consumers’ income is spent on clothing and food; U.S. consumers spend the same percentage of income on both clothing and food (about 15%) as Chinese spend on clothes alone.

“As disposable incomes rise, those consumption patterns are going to change,” Goldman says. “But affordability will still be an issue, especially for the ‘urban mass.’”

Some of the other key takeaways from the report:

Proportionally, Chinese spend half of what Americans do on recreational activities—like sport, travel, and fitness–but it is one of the clear growth areas (which helps to explain why a company like Adidas AGis opening thousands of stores in China despite its slowdown).

China will have 223 million seniors over the age of 65 by 2030 compared to 75 million in the U.S. (with all that that implies for the medical devices and pharma industries).

The middle and ascendant-middle class are the reason for Alibaba’s success—and e-commerce should not stop growing rapidly. There were 10 billion packages delivered in 2014, ten times more than 2006, and again, only 11% of Chinese consumers are middle class.