《财富》美国500强中女性CEO的比例降至4%
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对于身处美国企业最高层的女性而言，前进的步伐显得如此艰难。 本周一，2016年的《财富》美国500强榜单正式公布，其中只有21家企业由女性掌权，这一数值在去年和2014年都是24。换个角度看，在如今的美国500强里，女性CEO的比例只有微不足道的4.2%。 对于《财富》美国500强中的女性而言，2016年是艰难的一年，这是由许多因素导致的。TJX的CEO卡罗尔•梅罗维茨在今年早些时候把权力移交给了副手欧尼•赫尔曼，退休淡出。而长期担任杜邦CEO的柯爱伦也宣布退休，尽管她的离开没有那么其乐融融。柯爱伦在与激进投资者纳尔逊•佩尔茨的激烈抗争后卸任，让人难免怀疑她在退出时对公司的控制力究竟还剩下多少。 去年榜单中还有几位女性CEO如今仍然在任，但由于企业自身发生了变化，已经从今年的美国500强榜单中消失了。例如Gannett Company的前CEO格雷西亚•马托利。Gannett在去年拆分了出版业务，马托利如今成为了剩下的咨询公司TEGNA的CEO。然而这家新公司的规模尚不足以进入《财富》美国500强。 在惠普（Hewlett Packard）拆分后，CEO梅格•惠特曼也在榜单上失去了踪影。不过她的情况有些特殊。惠特曼如今是新成立的惠普企业（Hewlett Packard Enterprise）的CEO。出于计算上的技术性原因，该公司今年并未上榜，它很可能会在明年的美国500强榜单中重新出现。 AMD的CEO苏姿丰是去年新上榜的人物。今年由于AMD跌出了前500名，她也从榜单中消失了。 尽管高管退休和公司拆分已是司空见惯，但值得一提的是，今年进入《财富》美国500强的29家新公司中，只有一家公司的CEO是女性：她就是纸制品分销商Veritiv的玛丽•拉辛格。 拉辛格与去年12月起担任西方石油（Occidental Petroleum）CEO的维姬•哈勒勃，是2016年《财富》美国500强榜单中女性里的两位新鲜面孔。 榜单中还有许多熟悉的名字，例如通用汽车（General Motors）的玛丽•巴拉，IBM的罗睿兰，还有百事可乐（Pepsi co）的卢英德。她们也都是《财富》最具影响力的女性榜单中的人物。 再往前看，女性首席执行官的前景还很难说。一方面，乌苏拉•伯恩斯已经宣布，在施乐今年晚些时候拆分后，她就会离开CEO的位置。作为领导美国500强公司的第一位黑人女性，伯恩斯的离去是一个巨大的损失。（她将会成为施乐拆分后遗留的硬件业务公司的董事长。） 然而，还有另外两位女性预计将于7月登上CEO的位置。她们分别是Progressive的特里西亚•格里菲斯，以及CME Energy的帕特里夏•凯斯勒•波佩。 以下是今年《财富》美国500强榜单中所有的女性CEO： |
For women at the top levels of American business, it can sometimes feel like every step forward is followed by two steps back. The 2016 Fortune 500 list, released on Monday, includes just 21 companies with women at the helm—compared to 24 last year and in 2014. Or, to look at it another way, women now hold a paltry 4.2% of CEO positions in America’s 500 biggest companies. A number of factors conspired to make 2016 a tough year for the women of the Fortune 500. TJX chief Carol Meyrowitz dropped off after retiring earlier this year, handing the reins her second in command, Ernie Herrman. Ellen Kullman, longtime CEO of DuPont also retired, though her departure was less harmonious. She stepped down after a bitter fight with activist investor Nelson Peltz, leaving some pundits with doubts about how much control she actually had over her exit. Several of female CEOs from last’s list are still sitting in the corner office, but have vanished from the 500 due to shifts at their companies. Take Gracia Martore, former CEO of Gannett Company. When Gannett spun off its publishing business last year, Martore became chief of the resulting company, TEGNA, which is not large enough to qualify for the Fortune 500. Meg Whitman, former CEO of Hewlett Packard, also lost her spot after the company split—though her case is a bit different. Whitman is now chief of the newly-formed Hewlett Packard Enterprise, which is not included on this year’s Fortune 500 due to a technicality in how the list is calculated. HPE will likely be back in the 500 next year. Advanced Micro Devices CEO Lisa Su, a newcomer to the list last year, no longer appears because AMD fell off the 500. While it’s only natural for executives to retire and companies to split up, it’s notable that of the 29 new companies that joined the Fortune 500 this year, only one has a female CEO: Mary Laschinger of paper products and distribution company Veritiv. Laschinger and Occidental Petroleum’s new chief executive Vicki Hollub, who took on the CEO role last December, are the only two new female faces on the 2016 Fortune 500. There are also a number of familiar names on the list, including General Motors’ Mary Barra, IBM’s Ginni Rometty, and Pepsico’s Indra Nooyi, all of whom are also among Fortune’s Most Powerful Women. Looking ahead, the picture is mixed. On one hand, Ursula Burns has announced that she will step down as CEO of Xerox when the company splits later this year. As the first black woman to lead a Fortune 500 company, Burns’ departure will be a serious loss. (She will become chairman of the company’s legacy hardware business after the split.) However, there are also two women who are expected to step into the CEO’s office in July. Tricia Griffith will become the chief of Progressive, while Patricia Kessler Poppe will take on the CEO mantle for CME Energy. See the full list of women CEOs in the Fortune 500 below: |
