全球哪些城市最宜居？没有一座在美国

经济学人智库（EIU）的一份调研报告公布了全球140个大城市的评级。报告主要考察医疗健康、教育、稳定、文化与环境以及基础设施等方面，利用定性和定量分析方法给城市打分。分值范围由1到100，分值越低说明越无法忍受，分值越高代表越宜居。EIU称，调查覆盖了人们可能希望居住或者游览的城市。

墨尔本在医疗卫生、教育和基础设施三项赢得满分100分，稳定方面得到95分，文化和环境两项得分为95.1分，最后总分为97.5分，在调查的140座城市中名列第一。

A report released by the Economist Intelligence Unit(EIU) assigned a rating to 140 of the world’s major cities in the categories of health care, education, stability, culture and environment, and infrastructure, using both qualitative and quantitative factors to score cities across the five categories. The scores range from 1-100, where 1 is considered intolerable and 100 is considered ideal. According to the EIU, the survey addresses cities that people might want to live in or visit.

Melbourne received perfect scores in health care, education, and infrastructure, and 95 out of 100 in stability, and a 95.1 out of 100 in culture and environment. The city boasted an overall score of 97.5 out of 100, to make it the highest out of the 140 cities surveyed.

奥地利首都维也纳以97.4分紧随其后，与墨尔本的分数仅相差0.1。

Closely trailing the Australian city was Austria’s capital of Vienna, with a score of 97.4 out of 100, only 0.1 percentage point from stealing Melbourne’s No. 1 spot.

加拿大的温哥华和多伦多分别排在第三和第四名，该国另一城市卡尔加里和澳大利亚南部城市阿德莱德并列第五。今年悉尼跌出前十，去年调查中排在第七位。西澳大利亚州首府珀斯今年位居第七。

Canada’s Vancouver, Toronto, and Calgary ranked third and fourth respectively, as Calgary, Canada tied for fifth with Australia’s southern city of Adelaide. Sydney dropped from the top 10 this year after being ranked seventh in the 2015 study. Perth, in Western Australia, took seventh for this year.

报告还显示，中东和北非的许多城市的宜居水平大幅下滑，主要因为极端组织伊斯兰国（ISIS）肆虐，影响了这些国家和城市。

在今年的调查中，利比亚首都的黎波里仅得35.9分，叙利亚首都大马士革宜居程度下滑最大，在140个城市之中排名垫底。报告称，大马士革得分只有30.2分，过去五年宜居程度剧降26.1%。EIU指出，由于战乱局势升级，游客去这些城市旅游的可能性很小，但调查还是将这些地方纳入评比，因为和过去几年相比局势已经相对稳定。

以下是全球十大最宜居城市及评分。

1、澳大利亚，墨尔本：97.5

2、奥地利，维也纳：97.4

3、加拿大，温哥华：97.3

4、加拿大，多伦多：97.2

5、加拿大，卡尔加里：96.6

6、澳大利亚，阿德莱德：96.6

7、澳大利亚，珀斯：95.9

8、新西兰，奥克兰：95.7

9、芬兰，赫尔辛基：95.6

10、德国，汉堡：95

（财富中文网）

译者：Pessy

审校：夏林

The report also showed that a number of cities in the Middle East and North Africa have shown a sharp decline in livability, as extreme jihadi group ISIS continues to spread across countries and cities in those regions.

Tripoli, Libya’s capital city, scored only 35.9 out of 100, while Damascus, Syria, had the sharpest decline in livability, ranking last out of the 140 cities surveyed. According to the report, Damascus has a score of just 30.2 out of 100, and its livability has declined 26.1% over the past five years. Tourists are unlikely to visit these cities due to escalating hostilities, the EIU notes, but were included in the survey because they were deemed relatively stable just a few years ago.

These are the 10 most livable cities in the world and their scores:

1.Melbourne, Australia: 97.5

2. Vienna, Austria: 97.4

3. Vancouver, Canada: 97.3

4. Toronto, Canada: 97.2

5. Calgary, Canada: 96.6

6. Adelaide, Australia: 96.6

7. Perth, Australia: 95.9

8. Auckland, New Zealand: 95.7

9. Helsinki, Finland: 95.6

10. Hamburg, Germany: 95