美国中等收入的岗位数量开始出现反弹

中产阶级的岗位数量出现了反弹。至少，纽约联邦储备银行在上周四新发布的分析报告中是这么说的。

纽约联邦储备银行的总裁威廉·杜德利表示，中等收入的工作岗位主要在教育、建筑、运输和社会服务等领域有所增长。2013年至2015年间，美国经济创造了近230万个年薪3万美元至6万美元的工作。

而同期新增的低收入岗位刚刚超过150万个，高收入岗位则不足150万个。这一数值与上一个三年期间形成了鲜明对比，当时新增的中等收入岗位只有高收入岗位和低收入岗位的一半。

这份上周四发布的分析报告表明，在衰退后的恢复时期明显增长乏力的中等收入岗位如今出现了反弹。

纽约联储之前的研究指出，许多中等收入的岗位都会在大萧条时间消失，而且这些岗位中只有很少一部分会在恢复初期重新出现。这让那些在萧条时期失去工作的人很难参与到经济建设中，至少是难以恢复之前享受的工作待遇。

中等收入岗位增长的乏力，与政治上的普遍观点，即全球化正在导致前所未有的平等相悖离。中等收入岗位被挤压成为不稳定的低收入岗位，也导致了极少数超级富豪的产生。

达德利表示：“这个潮流已经开始扭转。在很长一段时间内，我们第一次看到国内中等收入岗位的增加数量超过高收入和低收入岗位。”（财富中文网）

译者：严匡正

Middle class jobs are making a comeback. At least according to a new analysis released Thursday by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

Middle income jobs have primarily been added in fields like education, construction, transportation, and social services, among others, according to New York Fed president William Dudley. The economy created nearly 2.3 million more jobs paying from $30,000 to $60,000 a year between 2013 and 2015.

That compares to just over 1.5 million lower-wage and just under 1.5 million higher-wage jobs created in the same period. It’s also a mirror image of the previous three-year period, when middle-income job creation ran at barely half the rate of either higher- or lower-income jobs.

The analysis released Thursday could indicate a turnaround for job growth in the middle class that have been notoriously lacking in the post-recession recovery.

Previous research from the New York Fed showed that many middle-wage jobs disappeared during the Great Recession, and only a small portion of those jobs returned during the early stages of recovery. This made it difficult for those who lost their job during the recession to join the economy, at least on anything like the same terms they’d previously enjoyed.

Job growth within the middle class goes against the politically explosive perception that globalization is leading to ever-greater equality, by squeezing middle-income types into precarious, lower-paid jobs and creating a much smaller number of super-rich.

“The tide has begun to turn,” said Dudley. “For the first time in quite a while, we are seeing gains in middle wage jobs actually outnumber gains in higher and lower wage jobs nationwide.”