滴滴欲进军全球市场，须先解决多方利益冲突

中国最大的打车应用平台并不满足于征服国内市场。

上周四，在旧金山由《名利场》杂志主办的新企业峰会上，滴滴出行总裁柳青表示，滴滴“将毫不动摇地走向全球”。虽然并未透露公司进行全球化扩张的详细计划，但柳青称，滴滴出行相信“本土公司”的实力。滴滴在与优步中国竞争中获得的胜利支持了这一说法，该公司于八月份收购了优步中国。

滴滴出行与全球多家打车应用公司均建立了关系网（包括去年秋季它与另外三家公司建立的结盟），因而外界对其将采取何种战略完成其国际化进程感到好奇。以下列举了滴滴全球化进程中可能面临的冲突问题：

东南亚：由于东南亚国家地理位置临近，因而该地区显然会成为滴滴进军的主要国际市场。滴滴去年与多家公司建立了合作，其中就包括东南亚本地打车服务巨头Grab。不夸张地说，在该地区开展竞争性业务将有些尴尬。但是滴滴同时也是Grab的投资者，而这意味着滴滴不仅看到了Grab在东南亚市场取得的成功，且有可能收购Grab。此外，Uber也参与了东南亚市场的竞争，这意味着Uber和滴滴在继获得彼此非投票理事席位后，面临的又一冲突。

印度：印度交通市场广阔，自然也将成为滴滴的潜在目标市场。然而，同样地，作为滴滴大联盟的一部分，滴滴也已与当地公司Ola建立了合作。与Grab一样，滴滴也投资了Ola，因而也有可能将其收购。并且，同样地，滴滴与Uber在印度市场的激烈竞争将使局势变得更为复杂。

欧洲：在欧洲，除Gett等几家本地打车应用公司外，滴滴将与Uber直接竞争。同样地，因为滴滴和Uber彼此拥有对方的非投票董事席位，因此这一竞争也将令双方感到尴尬。在欧洲，滴滴还将面临另外的冲突，即与Lyft的竞争。在七月份举行的《财富》科技头脑风暴大会上，Lyft的联合创始人兼总裁约翰· 齐默（John Zimmer）称，Lyft“很可能”在其他国家开拓业务，但是并未透露更多信息，而进军欧洲则不会令人感到意外。

美国：对于滴滴来讲，在美国拓展打车业务无疑是颇具挑战的，不仅由于其在美国与两大巨头（Uber和Lyft）的关系，还因为占领美国市场本身并非易事。Lyft正在评估与滴滴的合作，而滴滴也是Lyft的投资者。滴滴将其应用与Lyft司机网络整合，允许中国游客通过滴滴的移动应用预约Lyft打车服务，这也意味着，滴滴其实已经对其美国业务前景窥见一斑。

其他地方：当然，滴滴也可以进军拉丁美洲、非洲或其他较小区域的市场，但也将面临与Uber和本地对手的竞争，而这些国家的市场条件与中国极为不同。

尽管成立只有短短几年，但滴滴表现出了极大的决心和进取精神，因而其全球化拓展野心亦是意料之中，尽管滴滴尚未完全征服庞大的国内市场。滴滴将如何实现全球化拓展仍然是个迷。由于滴滴还有很多其他的宏大目标，如参与自动驾驶汽车市场的竞争，因而这也仅仅是一个开端而已。（财富中文网）

译者：司慧杰/汪皓

China’s biggest ride-hailing company won’t stop at conquering its home country.

Didi Chuxing is “definitely going global,” president Jean Liu said on Thursday at Vanity Fair‘s Next Establishment Summit conference in San Francisco. Liu declined to elaborate on the specifics of the company’s plans to “play a global game,” but she did say that Didi Chuxing believes in “local players,” a statement supported by the company’s victory over former rival Uber China, which it acquired in August.

Didi Chuxing’s strategy to become an international company is a curious one, given its web of relationships with other ride-hailing companies around the world, including an alliance with three others it announced last fall. Here are some conflicts it potentially creates:

Southeast Asia: While the region would be an obvious area for Didi’s expansion because of the proximity, Didi is allied with local ride-hailing king Grab as part of the multi-company partnership it announced last year. Setting up a competing business there would be awkward, to say the least. But Didi is also an investor in Grab, which both means it has an interest in seeing it succeed in its home market of Southeast Asia, and that it could just acquire Grab. Uber is also competing in Southeast Asia, another conflict of interest since Didi and Uber have each a non-voting seat each other’s boards.

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India: A large market for transportation, India is an understandable potential target for Didi. But again, it’s already allied with a local company, Ola, also as part of its big alliance. And like with Grab, Didi is an investor in Ola, so acquiring the company could be an option. And once again, Didi’s relationship with Uber, which is fiercely competing in India, complicates things further.

• Europe: Here, Didi would most directly battle against Uber, in addition to a few local ride-hailing companies like Gett. Again, because Didi and Uber have non-voting seats on each other’s boards, this would be awkward. Another conflict that could arise in Europe would be with Lyft. At Fortune‘s Brainstorm Tech conference in July, Lyft co-founder and president John Zimmer said that it’s “very likely” that Lyft will do business in other countries, and while he didn’t elaborate further, Europe wouldn’t be a surprising target.

• U.S.: The U.S. would undoubtedly be a challenge for Didi to go into with its own ride-hailing operations, both because of its relationships with the two biggest players in that market (Uber and Lyft), and because trying to jump into the game would be an uphill battle. Lyft is evaluating its partnership with Didi, which is also an investor in the U.S. company. That said, Didi is already getting a glimpse of what operating in the U.S. might be like, thanks to a recent integration of its app with Lyft’s network of drivers, which lets Chinese travelers summon a Lyft ride via their Didi mobile app.

• The rest of the world: Certainly, Didi could head to Latin America, Africa, or other smaller regions, but it would face Uber, local competitors, and markets conditions that are very unlike its own.

Given how aggressive and determined Didi has been during its short few years of existence, it’s no surprise that it has global ambitions—despite the massive size of its home market in China, which it’s far from having entirely conquered. How it will do all this is still a mystery. And since the company has other lofty goals—like getting into the self-driving car race—this is only the beginning.