75年来未见！80、90后与父母同住成美国潮流

租金高，买房按揭贷款难，越来越多美国年轻人选择与父母、亲戚或者兄弟姐妹同住，数字达到75年来高峰。

《华尔街日报》根据房地产信息供应商Trulia的数据得出以上结论。Trulia的源数据来自美国劳工统计局（BLS），最早可追溯到1900年。

数据显示， 18岁到34岁的美国人里将近四成住在父母家。上次达到这么高的百分比还是在1940年，即上世纪30年代美国大萧条正式结束后的第二年。

和前几代人相比，这一上升趋势着实惊人：上世纪50年代，只有四分之一的年轻人住在父母家中。不过要指出一点，那时候女性通常不到21岁就结婚了。上世纪80年代到21世纪初，和父母同住的年轻人占比约三分之一。

以上趋势的一大成因是住房需求不足：许多80、90后不想掏腰包买房。《华尔街日报》援引哈佛大学研究机构哈佛房屋联合研究中心（Harvard Joint Center for Housing Studies）数据称，过去十年，30岁以下成年美国人增加了500万人，该年龄段的家庭却仅增长20万户。

Trulia的首席经济学家预计，美国年轻一代晚婚晚育的趋势可能无限持续下去。

这一趋势也反应了创业风潮消退：虽然最近几年创业热潮有些回暖，但年轻人创业的趋势在减弱。非营利组织考夫曼基金会（Kauffman Foundation）今年夏天发布报告称，在2015年成立新公司的企业家之中，20岁至34岁的创业者占四分之一，较1996年占比下降10个百分点。

创业潮退去导致创业者融资困难，不少人抵押房产维持公司运营。

Tulia的发现与房地产企业世邦魏理仕（CBRE）最近一份报告相符。世邦魏理仕今年12月稍早发布了一份调查80、90后的报告，其中显示四分之三的80、90后受访者声称住在父母家中是因为薪资没有房价涨得快。43%的受访者称，从现在开始算计划住在父母家的时间超过三年。而到2020年，劳动人口中半数都会是1980到2000年期间生人。世邦魏理仕报告的调查对象分布在全球12个国家。 （财富中文网）

作者：Jeremy Quittner

译者：Pessy

审校:夏林

High rents and difficulty obtaining mortgages ha ve led more young Americans to live at home with their parents, relatives , and siblings than at any other time in the past 75 years.

That’s according to the Wall Street Journal, which looked at data provided by real estate information company Trulia. Trulia examined Census Bureau data stretching back to 1900.

It found that nearly 40 % of people between the ages of 18 and 34 are living at home. The last time the percentage was as high was 1940, the year after the official end of the Great Depression.

The rise is stark when compared to previous generations: less than a quarter of young adults lived at home in the ‘50s -- a time when, it should be noted, the average woman was married before 21. Roughly one-third lived at home from the 1980s to the mid-2000s.

The trend is partly driven by a lack of housing demand: many millennials don’t want the expense of owning a home. Over the last decade, the number of adults under age 30 has jumped by 5 million, but the number of households for that age group rose by just 200,000, the Journal reports, citing the Harvard Joint Center for Housing Studies.

Younger people are also getting married later (27 is the median age for women) and having children later, according to Trulia, whose chief economist said these trends are likely to continue indefinitely.

The trend also seems to mirror a phenomenon in entrepreneurship: while there has been some reversal in the last few years, entrepreneurship among the younger set has been on the decline. Twenty-five percent of people who started new businesses in 2015 were aged 20 to 34, a decrease of nearly 10 percentage points compared to 1996, according to a Kauffman Foundation report released this summer.

The recession made it more difficult for entrepreneurs to obtain credit, which many do using home equity to finance operations.

Trulia’s findings also match results from a recent report on the millennial generation by real estate company CBRE, released earlier in December. Three-quarters of millennials surveyed by CBRE said they are living at home because wages have not kept up with property prices. Forty-three percent say they plan to be living at home more than three years from now. Yet by 2020, half of all workers will have been born between 1980 and 2000. CBRE surveyed millennials in 12 countries.