从商人到总统，特朗普的身份转变

在旷日持久的美国总统竞选中，共和党的总统候选人唐纳德·特朗普出人意料地击败了民主党候选人希拉里·克林顿。这几个月里，这位身家数十亿的商人、电视明星和政治家在选票上击败了对手，令大批崇拜者为之兴奋。

去年6月14日刚过完70岁生日的特朗普，在短短几个月之后就当选了总统。下面让我们来看看特朗普的生意、总统选举、奢华的生活风格、家庭和净资产情况。

特朗普的净资产：45亿美元

《福布斯》（Forbes）显示，特朗普的净资产为45亿美元。他在全球亿万富翁里排名第324，在全美的富豪榜单中排名第113。在竞选初期，这位共和党的候选人表示他的资产净值已经超过100亿美元，而在去年5月17日提交给联邦选举委员会（Federal Election Commission）的财务状况披露文件中，他重申了这一数值。

根据追踪名流收入的网站Celebrity Net Worth报道，特朗普出生于一个富有的家庭，从他已故的父亲、房地产开发商弗雷德·特朗普那里继承了4,000万美元的遗产。1971年，唐纳德成为了后来的特朗普集团（The Trump Organization）的领导者。

从那以后，唐纳德·特朗普的收入和头衔帮助他经营了超过500家公司。这位商业大亨的生意涉及赌场、摩天大楼、电视节目、高尔夫球场、书籍、商品等多个领域。

唐纳德·特朗普的生意

唯一比特朗普的性格还要犀利的，就是他的商业头脑。20世纪70年代，他与凯越酒店（Hyatt）、纽约市和中央车站（Grand Central Station）旁边亏本的海军准将酒店（Commodore Hotel）合作，获得了改造和承包这家境况不佳的酒店的权利，让它成为了全新的君悦酒店（Grand Hyatt）。这家酒店立刻取得了成功，也让特朗普一跃成为当地最著名的房地产开发商之一。

1984年，特朗普完成了68层的特朗普大楼（Trump Tower）的建造，这里成为了特朗普集团的总部。这栋建筑拥有60英尺的瀑布，并在对外开放时拥有五层的零售店和纽约著名的餐厅。

特朗普拥有许多成功的生意和产业。其中包括Trump Place，这个住宅开发项目在18栋建筑中拥有5,700间公寓。芝加哥特朗普国际大厦酒店（Trump International Hotel & Tower Chicago）则设有宾馆、公寓套间，以及大量餐厅和店铺。沃尔曼溜冰场（Wollman Rink）地处纽约中央公园（Central Park），每年的游客超过500万，也是特朗普的产业。

唐纳德·特朗普失败的生意

尽管唐纳德的大部分生意为他赢得了名声，不过他也有失败的时候。

1988年，特朗普花费3.65亿美元购买了一队波音727，以及位于华盛顿特区、纽约和波士顿的着陆设施。他还购买了在飞机上印刷自己名字的权利。不幸的是，他以Trump Shuttle之名营造奢华飞行体验的尝试失败了，这家公司已经解散了。

据《时代》杂志（Time）报道，1990年，支持特朗普投资的银行以新增借款和信贷的方式，给他提供了6,500万美元的救助。这次资助失败了，导致特朗普在9个月后背负了近40亿美元的债务。同年，他在新泽西州亚特兰大的著名赌场“特朗普泰姬陵”（Taj Mahal）也被判破产。

2004年，特朗普酒店赌场度假村（Trump Hotels & Casino Resorts）宣布破产重建。2009年，同一家公司——也就是如今的特朗普娱乐度假中心（Trump Entertainment Resorts）——再次申请破产。

特朗普最著名的一次失败经营，是他的特朗普大学（Trump University）。这家网络大学成立于2005年，并未获得授权认证，最终于2010年关闭。在这位共和党候选人的竞选当中，三起针对该大学的法律诉讼给他造成过麻烦。它们指控特朗普大学是一个骗局，致使学生损失了数万美元的学费。

唐纳德·特朗普的竞选花费

《华盛顿邮报》（Washington Post）把特朗普这次自筹资金的竞选，称作史上最划算的竞选。不幸的是，特朗普胜利的代价比他预测的可能要大许多。在许多引发争议和种族歧视的言论过后，美国全国广播公司（NBC）和梅西百货（Macy’s）终止了与他的合作，环球电视台（Univision）也疏远了他。

然而，根据The Hill对联邦选举委员会开销数据的分析，精通媒体的特朗普截至去年6月中旬就已经通过免费的宣传时间为自己赚到了20亿美元。联邦通信委员会（FCC）的一份报告显示，他在2016年2月只花费了3,340万美元用于选举，而同期希拉里·克林顿的花费为1.29亿美元。

特朗普的生活方式

特朗普和妻子梅拉尼亚·特朗普居住在纽约特朗普大楼的三层阁楼里。他们享有许多奢华设施，其中包括一座室内喷泉，还有镶嵌钻石和黄金的门。

他的其他产业还包括一家私人俱乐部Mar-a-Lago。它坐落于南佛罗里达寸土寸金的地段，占地17英亩。他在1985年以1,000万美元的低价买下了这里。俱乐部里拥有58间卧室，33间浴室，12个壁炉和3个防空洞。如今，这家豪华的俱乐部的价值已经高达3亿美元。

在竞选期间，他的座机是价值1亿美元的波音757，配有黄金打造的安全带。他的豪华汽车则包括一辆劳斯莱斯、一辆铁蓝色的1997款兰博基尼迪亚波罗（Lamborghini Diablo）和一辆梅赛德斯-奔驰SLR迈凯伦（Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren）。

唐纳德·特朗普的妻子和家庭

特朗普迎娶了前超模梅拉尼亚，这是他的第三任妻子，也是他最小的儿子巴伦·特朗普的母亲。唐纳德·特朗普二世、埃里克和伊万卡由他的第一任妻子伊凡娜·特朗普所生。蒂芙尼则是他第二任妻子玛拉·马普勒斯所生。

这位70岁的房地产大亨以共和党总统当选人的身份庆祝了自己的2016年。作为全球最富有的人之一，名人富豪特朗普将继续着自己保守争议、发财致富、奢华享乐——以及如今领导美国的生活。（财富中文网）

译者：严匡正

Republican president-elect Donald Trump emerged as an unlikely victor in a grueling presidential contest against Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton. Over the months, the billionaire businessman, television star and politician beat out contenders in the polls, thrilling throngs of adoring fans.

On June 14, Trump celebrated his 70th birthday and, just a few months later, was elected president. Here’s a look at Trump’s businesses, presidential campaign, lavish lifestyle, family and net worth.

Donald Trump Net Worth: $4.5 Billion

Forbes puts Trump’s net worth at $4.5 billion. He is No. 324 on the worldwide list of billionaires and No. 113 in the United States. Early in his campaign, the Republican president-elect said he was worth in excess of $10 billion, and he reiterated that claim on May 17 when he submitted an updated financial disclosure to the Federal Election Commission.

Born into a wealthy family, Trump inherited about $40 million from his late father, real estate developer Fred Trump, reported Celebrity Net Worth, which tracks celebrity earnings. In 1971, Donald became head of what would later be known as The Trump Organization.

Donald Trump’s earnings and title have since helped him develop over 500 companies. The business mogul has his stake in casinos, skyscrapers, television shows, golf courses, books, merchandise and more.

Donald Trump’s Businesses

The only thing bigger than Trump’s personality is his business acumen. In the 1970s, he landed a deal with Hyatt, the city of New York and the unprofitable Commodore Hotel beside the Grand Central Station, earning the right to renovate and rebrand the ailing hotel into the Grand Hyatt. That hotel became an instant success, making Trump one of the best-known real estate developers in the area.

In 1984, Trump completed construction on the 68-story Trump Tower, the home of The Trump Organization. That building includes a 60-foot waterfall and, on opening day, had five levels of retail stores and restaurants known as a New York staple.

Trump has owned a slew of successful businesses and properties, among them Trump Place, a housing development project with 5,700 apartments across 18 buildings. The Trump International Hotel & Tower Chicago has a hotel, condos and numerous restaurants and shops. Wollman Rink, a Central Park staple that sees more than 5 million visitors each year, is also owned by Trump.

Donald Trump’s Failed Businesses

While Trump has major business wins to his name, so does he have losses.

In 1988, Trump spent $365 million on a fleet of Boeing 727s, plus landing facilities in Washington, D.C., New York City and Boston. He also bought the right to paint his name on a plane. Unfortunately, his attempt to build a luxury flying experience under the Trump Shuttle name failed — and the company was decommissioned.

In 1990, the banks that backed his investments provided him with a $65 million bailout in new loans and credit, reported Time. That bailout failed, leaving Trump nearly $4 billion in debt nine months later. That same year, his famous Taj Mahal casino in Atlanta City, N.J., filed for bankruptcy.

Trump Hotels & Casino Resorts went bankrupt in 2004. In 2009, the same company — now called Trump Entertainment Resorts — filed for bankruptcy again.

One of Trump’s highest-profile business failures is Trump University. The unaccredited online college was launched in 2005 and closed down in 2010. Three Trump University lawsuits plague the Republican nominee’s campaign. Those lawsuits allege Trump University was a scam that cost students tens of thousands of dollars.

Donald Trump Campaign Costs

The Washington Post called Donald Trump’s self-funded bid for the Oval Office history’s most cost-effective run for presidency. Unfortunately, Trump’s time at the podium has cost him a far bit more money than he might have expected. After a number of controversial and racially-charged remarks, NBC and Macy’s fired Trump, and Univision distanced itself from him.

The media-savvy Trump, however, is believed to have received $2 billion in free airtime by mid-June, according to an analysis of FEC spending data conducted by The Hill. One FCC report shows he spent just $33.4 million through February 2016. Hillary Clinton spent $129 million during the same period.

Donald Trump’s Lifestyle

Trump and wife Melania Trump live in a three-floor penthouse in Trump Tower in New York City. The luxuries they enjoy include an indoor fountain and a door encrusted with diamonds and gold.

Among his other properties is the private club Mar-a-Lago, which sits on 17 acres of valuable South Florida land. He bought the estate — which boasts 58 bedrooms, 33 bathrooms, 12 fireplaces and three bomb shelters — for the bargain price of $10 million in 1985. Today, it is a luxury club worth as much as $300 million.

He shuttles between campaign stops in his $100 million Boeing 757 adorned with gold seat belts. His fleet of luxury vehicles include a Rolls Royce, an electric blue 1997 Lamborghini Diablo and a Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren.

Donald Trump’s Wife and Family

Trump is married to former supermodel Melania, his third wife and the mother of his youngest son, Barron Trump. Donald Trump Jr., Eric and Ivanka were born to his first wife, Ivana Trump. Tiffany was born to his second wife, Marla Maples.

At 70, the real estate baron celebrates this year as the Republican president-elect of 2016. One of the richest men in the world, Trump is a celebrity billionaire who continues to stir controversy, make money and entertain — and now, lead the U.S.