通用汽车被指造假！柴油车排放数据欺诈

上周四一起法律诉讼指称通用汽车利用跟大众类似的欺诈设备，对成千上万辆柴油汽车排放数据造价以通过检测。

集体诉讼的原告为购买或租用过2011年到2016年款雪佛兰西维拉多和通用希塞拉皮卡的顾客，人数超过70.5万，这两款均装配Duramax型号发动机。

起诉书称，通用汽车采用了至少三款“欺诈设备”，确保卡车排放量达到全国和本州的排放标准，但实际上污染比数据严重。诉讼已提交底特律联邦法院。

“这些指控毫无根据，我们会全力保护公司的权益，”通用汽车新闻发言人丹•弗洛雷斯表示。

他补充说，通用汽车生产的卡车严格遵守美国环境保护局的排放规定，也符合加州本地严格的排放标准。

起诉书称通用汽车违反了敲诈勒索和消费者保护法，希望获得的赔偿方式包括退款、转售价值损失赔偿，以及惩罚性赔偿金等。

通用汽车最近官司缠身，刚刚因为打火开关故障导致的124起死亡事故赔偿了25亿美元。

通用汽车与大众都已承认数据造假。还有至少四家汽车制造商的柴油车排放接受了监管者或消费者检测。

另外四家公司包括梅赛德斯•奔驰母公司戴姆勒，菲亚特克莱斯勒汽车公司，标志公司和雷诺。

当天下午通用汽车股价下跌74美分至每股32.46美元，跌幅2.2%，此前跌幅曾达到3.8%。

苏格兰皇家银行市场分析师约瑟夫•斯帕克预计，通用汽车大型皮卡约有八分之一采用柴油发动机，本次诉讼导致的“负面宣传效应”可能导致顾客转而选购福特汽车或菲亚特克莱斯勒的Ram皮卡。

排放超标

起诉书显示，原告提供车辆经“上路”排放测试，显示安装了Duramax型号发动机的汽车氮氧化物排放量超标二到五倍，而且比汽油发动机卡车排放量高出“很多倍”。

起诉书共184页，其中提出若将发动机改造为符合排放标准，车辆性能、动力和燃油效率都会下降。

德国博世公司也被列为被告，罪名是与通用公司有“不正常的密切”合作关系，主要是帮着开发欺诈设备。

博世公司发言人艾丽莎•克莱兰德表示，不会就正接受调查或诉讼中的事务发表评价。

起诉书中提到两名原告，为加州山景城的安德雷•芬纳和路易斯安那的萨尔弗的约书亚•赫尔曼。

二人分别购买了2011款希塞拉和2016款西维拉多卡车，且均表示如果当初知道数据欺诈情况不会选择购买，起码不会付这么多钱。

原告请的律所包括Hagens Berman Sobol Shapiro，该所曾代表大众汽车经销商与大众达成数十亿美元的和解案，也曾起诉通用汽车装配柴油发动机的雪佛兰科鲁兹数据造假。

Hilliard Munoz Gonzales律师事务所曾负责通用汽车打火开关案，本次也代表原告方。

上周二，美国司法部提交了一份民事诉讼，指称菲亚特克莱斯勒从2014年起在10.4万辆柴油车上安装欺诈软件在排放检测中作弊。

菲亚特克莱斯勒对此表示否认，同时面临司法部关于排放量的单独刑事调查。

本案原告为芬纳等人，被告通用汽车等，由密歇根东区地方法院立案，编号17-11661。（财富中文网）

译者：Pessy

审校：夏林

General Motors (gm) was accused in a lawsuit on Thursday of rigging hundreds of thousands of diesel trucks with devices similar to those used by Volkswagen (vlkpf), to ensure they pass emissions tests.

The proposed class-action lawsuit covers people who own or lease more than 705,000 Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra pickups fitted with "Duramax" engines from the 2011 to 2016 model years.

It said GM used at least three "defeat devices" to ensure that the trucks met federal and state emission standards, even if they generated more pollution in real-world driving. The complaint was filed in the federal court in Detroit.

"These claims are baseless and we will vigorously defend ourselves," GM spokesman Dan Flores said.

He added that the trucks comply with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency emissions standards and California's own tough emissions standards.

The lawsuit alleges violations of racketeering and consumer protection laws, and seeks remedies including possible refunds, restitution for lost resale value, and punitive damages.

It adds to legal problems for Detroit-based GM, which has already paid about $2.5 billion in penalties and settlements over faulty ignition switches linked to 124 deaths.

GM joins VW, which has admitted to cheating, and at least four other automakers whose diesel emissions have been scrutinized by regulators or consumers.

They include Mercedes-Benz parent Daimler, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, Peugeot and Renault.

GM shares were down 74 cents, or 2.2%, at $32.46 in afternoon trading, after earlier falling as much as 3.8%.

RBC Capital Markets analyst Joseph Spak estimated that one-eighth of GM's full-sized pickups have diesel engines, and said "negative publicity" from the lawsuit could steer prospective buyers to Ford Motor Co or Fiat Chrysler's Ram division.

Excess Pollutants

According to the lawsuit, "on-road" emissions testing conducted for the plaintiffs found that Duramax-engined trucks produced nitrogen oxide pollutants two to five times higher than allowed, and "many times" higher than gasoline-engined trucks.

Modifying the engines to meet emissions standards would reduce performance, horsepower and fuel economy, the 184-page complaint said.

Germany's Robert Bosch GmbH was also named as a defendant for having allegedly helped develop the defeat devices, in an "unusually close" collaboration with GM.

Bosch spokeswoman Alissa Cleland said that company will not discuss matters being investigated or litigated.

The named plaintiffs are Andrei Fenner of Mountain View, California and Joshua Herman of Sulphur, Louisiana.

They said they would not have bought, or would have paid less for, their respective 2011 Sierra and 2016 Silverado trucks had they known about the alleged rigging.

Their law firms include Hagens Berman Sobol Shapiro, which helped reach multibillion-dollar settlements for VW owners and dealers and has brought similar claims over GM's diesel-equipped Chevrolet Cruze.

Hilliard Munoz Gonzales, which handles many GM ignition switch lawsuits, also represents the plaintiffs.

On Tuesday, the U.S. Department of Justice filed a civil lawsuit accusing Fiat Chrysler of using software on 104,000 diesel vehicles sold since 2014 to evade emission standards.

Fiat Chrysler has denied wrongdoing. It also faces a separate Justice Department criminal probe on emissions.

The case is Fenner et al v General Motors LLC et al, U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Michigan, No. 17-11661.