世界25大高科技城市排行榜，中国占五座

城市是通往未来的道路。

据世界卫生组织预测，不出35年，世界上三分之二的人口将会居住在城镇地区。也就是说，全球城镇人口将新増25亿。而未来发展最繁荣的城市，必将是那些依赖于先进技术，并且为人们提供了创造新技术的机会的城市。

为了了解哪些城市在这方面做得最好，商业内幕网站近日咨询了一家名叫2thinknow的公司，这家公司专门对全球的创新城市进行分析，并请它给出了全球高科技城市的排行榜。

该公司选取了10个与科技进步相关的因素，包括人均专利数量、创业公司的数量、科技风投资本家的数量等等，同时也参考了其他一些创新数据以及智能手机使用量等指标，并对上述因素进行了加权，据此对全球85个城市进行了排名。

如果你想知道未来是什么样子的，不妨关注一下以下这些城市的发展。

25.美国华盛顿

过去十年，美国首都华盛顿的科技发展水平不断攀升，与科技相关的工作岗位数量也增加了50%。

此外，华盛顿地区有1000多家创业公司。这里既接近权力，也接近资本，因此如果你想创办一家改变世界的公司，华盛顿绝对是个不错的选择。

24.西班牙巴塞罗纳

巴塞罗纳去年首次挤进了这张榜单的前25强，尤为值得关注的是，这座城市的工业设计师人数正在增长，而且智能手机也相当普及。

巴塞罗纳的移动基础设施十分先进。连街头的配电箱里都装着电脑，这些电脑既可以测量城市噪音和道路交通情况，也可以记录人们拍了多少张自拍照。

23.丹麦哥本哈根

哥本哈根虽然缺乏创业文化和风险资本，但它拥有创新的城市规划和强大的工业设计师队伍，这些因素都彰显了这座城市对智能制造业的重视。

由于风能的利用率很高,到2025年，哥本哈根将停止对化石燃料的依赖。另外哥本哈根还有着根深蒂固的自行车文化，以及很多大大小小的建筑公司。因此哥本哈根不仅是一座绿色的城市，也是一座美丽的城市。

22.中国香港

东方之珠香港并非像很多城市一样，只在某一个门类比较抢眼，而是在每一项指标上都很先进。

香港在城市创新上投入了巨额的研发资金，它的互联网网速是全中国最快的。香港的高新技术出口额达到了2430亿美元，约占总出口商品的51%。

21.德国柏林

德国首都柏林拥有坚实的创业文化，而且有着全欧洲最高的风投投资率。

柏林几乎代表了欧洲造车业的半壁江山，它也是全球唯一一个主要汽车品牌无一缺席的城市。

20.中国深圳

在拥有1100万人口的中国南方城市深圳，这里的专利像雪片一样不断诞生出来。

在中国大力发展制造业的进程中，深圳在过去几年取得了令人瞩目的增长，已成为中国的制造业和机器人产业中心。另外，好几家电信和电子产业巨头都将总部设在了深圳。

19.印度班加罗尔

在2thinknow公司的排名上，没有任何一座城市的排名上升速度比得上班加罗尔，它从2016年的第49名一下子跃升到了今年的第19名。

这主要是由于这座城市涌入了大量的IT企业，另外这座城市还拥有大量的编程人员。目前，印度有一半人口在25岁以下，其中很多人选择进入了科技行业，从而建立了良性的增长循环。

18.加拿大蒙特利尔

如果你想当一名工业设计师或编程人员，你可以考虑搬到蒙特利尔去。如果你想从事与可穿戴技术或是虚拟现实技术有关的工作，蒙特利尔更是一个很好的选择。

蒙特利尔是VR头盔生产商Vrvana的老家，这里还走出了Hexoskin和OMSignal等新锐公司，这两家公司生产的衣服都能测量穿着者的生物指标。蒙特利尔也有较好的创业文化。

17.中国上海

上海的张江高科技园区堪比美国的硅谷，那里有几千家科技公司和10万多名员工。

像中国其他高科技产业密集的城市一样，上海也汇聚了大量专利和风投。这大概是因为制造业是中国的头等产业，而很多企业也亟需保护（以及投资于）他们的知识产权。

16.中国北京

北京虽然缺乏浓厚的创业文化，但它的智能手机使用率和人均专利数都非常可观。过去几年，北京的风投行业也增长得很快。

今年北京的排名在去年的基础上上升了15位。

15.荷兰阿姆斯特丹

阿姆斯特丹的金融技术、能源效率和创业文化结合在一起，使它成了欧洲的一个创新火车头，虽然它的城市规模其实比欧洲的其他大城市小了不少（比如它的人口只有柏林的三分之一。）

今年四月，阿姆斯特丹的立法者宣布，到2025年前，阿姆斯特丹将彻底禁行汽油和柴油车辆，届时路面上将只有电动汽车——或许将来，这将成为阿姆斯特丹的一道独特的风景线。

14.加拿大温哥华

2014年，加拿大广播公司曾将温哥华誉为“北方的硅谷”，意思是说温哥华有着浓厚的创业文化。

温哥华有600多家数字媒体公司，年收益达20亿美元以上。另外温哥华也有好几所杰出的理工科大学，企业在这里还能享受到较低的税率。因此无论是初露锋芒的工程师，还是已经创业成功的高管，都会感受到这座城市浓浓的吸引力。

13.瑞典斯德哥尔摩

斯德哥尔摩正在掀起一场数字和环境革命，目标是在未来五年内，进化成一个无现金和无石油社会。

斯德哥尔摩还拥有全欧洲最多的价值10亿美元以上的创业公司，同时它也是全球增长第二快的风投市场。难怪各国编程人才都纷纷向这里涌来。

12.日本东京

东京是全世界最大的城市，如果没有令人赞叹的基础建设水平，就没有今日之东京。东京尤其令人称道的，就是它的公共交通系统。比如东京的地铁系统每年要容纳23亿人次。

东京的风投行业十分发达，同时它也是很多科技巨头的老家，其中很多科技企业已经在为2020年东京奥运会做准备了。

11.美国达拉斯-沃斯堡

短短几年内，达拉斯已经成为美国的又一创业之都。

在2thinknow公司给出的排行榜中，达拉斯的排名从2016年的第28名几乎跃升到了前十位。这主要是由于其风投资本家的人数增长极快，另外城市与科技相融合的水平也很高。

10.美国芝加哥

你可能认为美国的创业公司一般都爱往东西海岸扎堆，荒凉的中西部地区可能不受创业者的青睐，然而芝加哥却是个例外。最近的一则报道显示，伊利诺斯州已经成了美国高科技行业就业数最高的五个州之一，而其中大多数高科技职位就是由“风之城”芝加哥贡献的。

布鲁金斯学院的研究还发现，芝加哥也是城市规划创新的热土。这在很大程度上要归功于该市的CityWorks项目，该项目旨在解决各种与能源转换和交通有关的问题。

9.加拿大多伦多

多伦多的创业文化和创新基础设施都比较成熟，归功于思科创新中心等孵化器的大力推动，多伦多已经汇聚了加拿大30%的IT企业，其中大多数IT公司的员工数不足50人。在下个十年里，很多年轻的公司将从这里走向世界，改变人们的生活。

总的来说，多伦多的科技企业每年大约可获得520亿美元的收入。

8.新加坡

新加坡不仅是一座巨大的海绵城市，它的编程人才和风投家的数量也是非常多的。星城经常会引入一些新的基础设施，或是科技含量极高的高楼大厦，比如最近在星城建成的一座大楼的天井里居然有一整座森林。

另外，新加坡也与麻省理工学院展开了合作，共同开发智能交通系统，以减少对私家车的依赖，加大对城铁和轻轨的使用率。

7.美国波士顿

过去几年，波士顿涌现出了大量令人兴奋的新技术，这些创新当然都来自麻省理工、哈佛、西北大学等波士顿的世界顶尖院校。其中许多科技创新都来自生物科技和机器人领域。

波士顿也有不少风投机构（如Battery Ventures、Atlas Ventur、Bessemer Venture Partners、Matrix Venture Partners等等)，他们向各种创新实验室和大学创业公司投入了巨额奖金。Facebook和亚马逊等知名企业都在波士顿设立了研发机构，以从这座城市林立的名校中招揽人才。

6.中国台北

据2thinknow公司分析，台北在工业设计上处于佼佼者之列。当然，台北的工业设计水平是有多年积淀的，台北历来比注重硬件而不是软件设计。华硕、MSI、技嘉和宏基等知名科技公司的总部都在台北。

另据2thinknow公司表示，台北在风投资本家数量一项上的评分也比较高。

5.韩国首尔

首尔曾被誉为“未来的城市”，此言非虚。创新的理念已经融入到了城市的设计中，它的地铁系统几乎可以吊打纽约地铁。

2thinknow公司表示，首尔注册的专利数量超过了全球任何城市。很多人们常见的高新技术都是在这里发明的——比如智能手机的LTE技术。还有一些技术仍然处于襁褓阶段，比如虚拟商店概念，也就是只要你扫描了物品的图像，它稍后就被送到你家里去。

4.美国洛杉矶

洛杉矶并不是只有电影行业。

2014年，洛杉矶县经济发展局发布的一份报告显示，洛杉矶的高新产业就业机会要多于美国的任何一个地区，年贡献产值约580亿美元。而洛杉矶高新技术产业的发展，离不开创业公司和风投资本发挥的重要作用。

3.英国伦敦

随着去年伦敦公布了新城铁Crossrail项目的方案以来，伦敦已经成了未来公共交通发展方向的一个缩影。到2018年，10条新线路将通过全新的隧道连接起30个现有站点。其200亿美元的造价也是欧洲最大的建设项目。

2thinknow公司发现，伦敦的创业公司和编程人员人数几乎超过了全球任何城市。据部分专家预测，伦敦的IT业职位可能比全加州的都多。

有人认为，在接下来十年里，伦敦还将新增1.1万个科技业的就业机会。

2.美国纽约

纽约是创新界的一个特殊的重量级选手。它的基础设施极为沉旧，然而与此同时，它的先进程度又难以置信。

据纽约州审计局称，光是2013年第三季度，纽约市就有近7000家高科技公司提供了10万多个就业职位。除了创业公司多，纽约还在全城应用了一项名叫LinkNYC的技术，这是一项免费的Wifi服务，光是在曼哈顿就设置了500个多个热点供民众使用，很多专家认为，纽约在创新方面才刚刚起步。

1.美国旧金山

如果每个国家都有一座城市将自己与硅谷相比，这就已经说明，硅谷才是科技行业的黄金标准。

由于2thinknow公司将硅谷划给了旧金山，因此旧金山荣登这张排行榜的榜首。硅谷是当之无愧的高科技之都，无论是创业文化、风投规模，还是设计师和编程人员的数量，都是无以伦比的。

硅谷在所有指标上几乎都排在首位，因为它的创新产业链极为完整。虽然不断有其他城市冲击它创新之都的位置，但它的霸主地位仍然稳如泰山。（财富中文网）

本文原载于Business Insider.com

译者：朴成奎

Cities are the way of the future.

In less than 35 years, the World Health Organization estimates that two-thirds of the world population will be living in urban areas. That's an additional 2.5 billion people. The cities that will flourish the most are those that rely on cutting-edge technologies and create opportunities for people to develop new ones.

To get a sense of which cities do that the best, Business Insider consulted 2thinknow, a research firm that specializes in analyzing innovative cities, to rank the most high-tech cities in the world.

The firm chose 10 factors related to technological advancement — including the number of patents filed per capita, startups, tech venture capitalists, ranking in other innovation datasets, and level of smartphone use — weighted them, and ranked a list of 85 cities accordingly.

If you want to know what the future will look like, these are the cities to keep an eye on.

25. Washington, DC

The US capital has been rapidly expanding its tech scene over the last decade, growing its overall number of tech-related jobs by 50%.

In addition, more than 1,000 startups call DC home. The proximity to the federal government mixed with the deep pockets of nearby venture-capital firms makes starting a world-changing company an appealing prospect in the city.

24. Barcelona, Spain

The Spanish city cracked the top 25 for the first time since last year's ranking, in particular for its growing population of industrial designers and prominent smartphone use.

Smartphone infrastructure is so sophisticated, in fact, that electrical boxes strewn around Barcelona contain computers that capture noise levels, traffic patterns, and how many selfies people take.

23. Copenhagen, Denmark

What Copenhagen lacks in startup culture and venture capital, it makes up for with innovative urban planning and a strong contingent of industrial designers — factors that 2thinknow praises as signs the city prioritizes smart manufacturing.

By 2025, the city plans to sever its dependence on fossil fuel, due in large part to harnessed wind energy. Its robust bike culture and fleet of architecture firms allow Copenhagen to be a city that's not just green, but beautiful.

22. Hong Kong, China

Rather than excel in one particular category, Hong Kong hits just about every box in terms of its advancement.

The city devotes enormous amount of money toward research and development and city-wide innovation, boasting some of the fastest Internet speeds in China. Its high-tech exports total $243 billion, or 51% of the total exported goods.

22. Berlin, Germany

Not to be outdone, Germany's capital city boasts a strong start-up culture and has some of the highest rates of venture capital investment in Europe.

Berlin is also the locus for much of Europe's automobile industry. It is the only city in the world where all of the major automative brands are represented.

20. Shenzhen, China

Patents are flying out of Shenzhen, a city in southern China that boasts a population of 11 million.

As part of the country's push toward manufacturing, Shenzhen has grown significantly over the last several years as a hub for factories and robotics. Multiple telecom and electronics giants have found a home base in the city.

19. Bangalore, India

No other city in 2thinknow's ranking climbed as far compared to 2016's ranking as Bangalore, which moved from 49th place to 19th.

The change is due to an influx of IT companies and the city's enormous population of programmers. Half of India is under 25, and many are entering the growing tech space, creating a virtuous circle of growth.

18. Montreal, Canada

If you want to be an industrial designer or programmer, you should consider moving to Montreal. If you want to work in wearable technology (or virtual reality), even better.

Montreal is home to Vrvana, a VR headset manufacturer, and the companies Hexoskin and OMSignal, which both make clothes that measure wearers' biometric signals. The city also has a fairly strong startup culture.

17. Shanghai, China

The closest Shanghai has to Silicon Valley is the Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park. It houses more than 100,000 workers split between thousands of tech companies.

Like most of China's high-tech cities, Shanghai excels in patents and venture capital. That may be because manufacturing has become a top priority in China, and companies are eager to protect (and invest in) their intellectual property.

16. Beijing, China

Though it may lack the startup culture of other high-tech cities, Beijing is renowned for its city-wide use of smartphones and the number of patents filed per capita. It venture capital scene has also grown rapidly over the past several years.

The city climbed 15 spots since the 2016 rankings.

15. Amsterdam, the Netherlands

Amsterdam's combination of financial technology, energy efficiency, and startup culture make it a powerhouse in Europe, despite being much smaller than its neighbors. (It has only a third of Berlin's population, for example.)

In April, lawmakers announced they wanted to ban gas and diesel cars by 2025 in favor of electric vehicles — perhaps the city's most visible sign of its look toward the future.

14. Vancouver, Canada

In 2014, the CBC called Vancouver "Silicon Valley North" in recognition of its strong start-up culture.

There are more than 600 digital media companies that generate more than $2 billion in revenue. Tech-focused universities and low corporate tax rates, meanwhile, make the city attractive for both up-and-coming engineers as well as established executives.

13. Stockholm, Sweden

With missions to go cash-free and oil-freewithin the next five years, Stockholm is fully embracing the digital and environmental revolutions.

The city also has the most billion-dollar startups in Europe and the world's second-fastest-growing market for venture capital investments. It's no wonder that programmers are flocking to the Swedish capital.

12. Tokyo, Japan

The largest city in the world doesn't achieve that feat without impressive levels of infrastructure — transportation in particular. Tokyo's subway system, for example, is used by 2.3 billion people every year.

Tokyo excels in venture capital investments, and is home to a dizzying number of tech giants, many of which are already preparing for the 2020 Olympic Games.

11. Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas

Just within the last couple years, Dallas has established itself as a startup hub.

In 2thinknow's analysis, the Texas city climbed from 28th in 2016 to just outside the top 10 because of its rapid growth in the number of venture capitalists and integration of technology into the city landscape.

10. Chicago, Illinois

You might not think of the Midwest as a startup magnet, but Chicago is quickly proving that assumption false. A recent report found Illinois was among the top five in high-tech jobs in the US, with the Windy City making up a big chunk of those spots.

Brookings Institute also finds Chicago is a hotbed for urban planning innovation, driven largely by CityWorks, a project designed to solve problems related to energy transfer and transportation.

9. Toronto, Canada

Rife with startups and innovative infrastructure, stemming from places like the Cisco Innovation Center, Toronto is home to 30% of Canada's IT firms, the majority of which have fewer than 50 employees. That means there's a crop of young companies poised to make an impact in the next decade.

Overall, the city's firms account for approximately $52 billion in yearly revenue.

8. Singapore

Aside from being a giant, rain-absorbing sponge, Singapore boasts an extremely high number of programmers and venture capitalists. The city-state is constantly introducing new infrastructure and high-tech high-rises, including one with an entire forest in the atrium.

It has partnered with MIT to build smarter transportation that relies less on private carsand more on public trains and light rail.

7. Boston, Massachusetts

A huge number of exciting technologies have been coming out of Boston over the last several years from STEM elites like MIT, Harvard, Tufts, and Northeastern — many of them in the biotech and robotic fields.

The city has a handful of venture capital firms (Battery Ventures, Atlas Venture, Bessemer Venture Partners, Matrix Venture Partners) that pour money into innovation labs and university startups. And big-name companies like Facebook and Amazon have set up R&D offices in Boston to pull from this growing pool of talent.

6. Taipei, Taiwan

According to 2thinknow's analysis, Taipei is the far-and-away leader when it comes to industrial design. This has been the case for years — the city much prefers to delve into hardware rather than software. Some of the largest PC companies call the city home, including Asus, MSI, Gigabyte, and Acer.

According to 2thinknow, the city also scores highly in its number of venture capitalists.

5. Seoul, South Korea

Seoul has been called the city of the future, and rightfully so. Innovation is practically baked into its design, as its metro system may even have New York's subway beat.

According to 2thinknow, Seoul files more patents than just about any city in the world. It has developed technology that is already ubiquitous — such as the LTE beamed to our smartphones — as well as tech still in its infancy, like virtual stores where you scan pictures of items to be delivered later.

4. Los Angeles, California

Film isn't the only industry in LA.

In 2014, a report by the LA County Economic Development Corporation suggested that LA had more high-tech sector jobs than any other region in the US. The report also found the total wealth output hovers around $58 billion. When 2thinknow performed its analysis, it found the same: Startups and venture capital play a major role in LA's tech sector boom.

3. London, England

London has become a public transportation dream over the last year with the introduction of its Crossrail project. By 2018, 10 new train lines will connect 30 existing stations with brand-new tunnels. At $20 billion, it's the largest construction project in Europe.

2thinknow finds London has more startups and programmers than almost any other city in the world. By some estimates, there may be more IT jobs in London than all of California.

Some estimates say there will be 11,000 new tech jobs added within the next decade.

2. New York, New York

New York is a special kind of tech heavyweight. It is both extremely dated in its infrastructure, but at the same time, unbelievably progressive.

According to the state comptroller's office, nearly 7,000 high-tech companies in New York City provided more than 100,000 jobs during the third quarter of 2013. In addition to starting companies, the city also launches integrated, citywide technology: LinkNYC, a free Wifi service, has over 500 kiosks around Manhattan available for public use, and many experts believe the city is just getting started.

1. San Francisco, California

If every city claims to be the "Silicon Valley" of its particular home country, you can guarantee Silicon Valley is the gold standard for tech.

Since 2thinknow defines the region by its largest neighboring city, San Francisco takes the top spot. It is the undeniable epicenter of all things tech, from its gigantic startup culture to its venture capital scene to its population of designers and programmers.

Silicon Valley wins in just about every category because the supply chain of innovation has made its home there, even as smaller contenders claw at the title.

This article originally appeared on BusinessInsider.com