2017年全球商界之最

2017年一些企业欢呼雀跃：股价刷新最高纪录，苹果推出新款iPhone，加密数字货币暴涨。可2017年一些公司遭遇丑闻、整顿和外界猜测缠身。《财富》评选的全年商界之最盘点了一年中最重要的商界大佬、企业、趋势、设备、黑客事件和社交媒体言论。??

This year brought heady days for business: Stocks broke records, we got a new iPhone, and cryptocurrencies soared. But 2017 also saw its share of ?scandals, purges, and reckonings. Here, Fortune’s chronicle of the people, companies, trends, gadgets, hacks, and tweets that mattered most this year.??

1、杰夫·贝佐斯

个人资产增长331亿美元

个人资产净值：989亿美元

由于公司股价高涨，亚马逊首席执行官贝佐斯今年成为全球首富。

2、许家印

个人资产增长275亿美元

个人资产净值：349亿美元

房地产大亨许家印现在晋升中国首富。

3、马克·扎克伯格

个人资产增长223亿美元

个人资产净值：722亿美元

2017年Facebook的业绩超过华尔街预期，首席执行官扎克伯格身家大涨。

4、伯纳德·阿诺特

个人资产增长221亿美元

个人资产净值：613亿美元

对奢侈品巨头、法国酩悦·轩尼诗－路易·威登集团（LVMH）创始人伯纳德·阿诺特来说，奢侈品确实很好。

5、马化腾

个人资产增长182亿美元

个人资产净值：390亿美元

中国互联网巨头腾讯仍然保持高速增长。

最佳/最差，也是最疯狂的投资：比特币

投资比特币就像坐全球最高过山车——美国新泽西州六旗大冒险乐园的京达卡。可以涨到高高在上，也可以跌得让人哭爹喊娘。临近2017年底，比特币交易价升破1.1万美元，年初还不足1000美元，一年来投资回报率高达1000%。但投资者也品尝了一下暴跌的滋味，今年11月29日，短短十分钟比特币就跌去1000美元。希望你别反胃。——《财富》杂志记者罗伯特·哈克特?

1. Jeff Bezos

+$33.1 billion

Net worth: $98.5 B

The Amazon chief became the world’s richest person this year as his company stock soared.

2. Hui Ka Yan

+$27.5 billion

Net worth: $34.9 B

The real estate tycoon is now China’s richest man.

3. Mark Zuckerberg

+$22.3 billion

Net worth: $72.2 B

Facebook blew past Wall Street expectations in 2017.

4. Bernard Arnault

+$22.1 billion

Net worth: $61.3 B

Luxury was good to the boss of LVMH Mo?t Hennessy Louis Vuitton.

5. Pony Ma

+$18.2 billion

Net worth: $39 B

Internet giant Tencent kept up its mega-growth.

Best/Worst Investment, and Wildest Ride: Bitcoin

Investing in Bitcoin is like riding Six Flags’ Kingda Ka. The highs are stratospheric, and the lows will crush you under cheek-flapping g-forces. Late this year the price of one Bitcoin surged past $11,000, up from less than $1,000 on Jan. 1—a 1,000% return. But investors also got a taste of what a bust might feel like when the cryptocurrency lost $1,000 in a span of 10 minutes on Nov. 29. Hope you don’t get queasy. —Robert Hackett??

在大宗商品所有大类之中，今年（以锌为首的）金属交易价上涨最快，主要因为中国的工业需求增长强劲。

最大IPO：Snap

人气社交应用Snapchat的开发商Snap首次公开募股（IPO）募得34亿美元（为今年IPO融资规模之首）。但年底Snap的股价较巅峰期蒸发了50%。

Of all major commodities this year, it was the price of metals (led by zinc) that grew the fastest. Credit strong demand from Chinese industry.

Biggest IPO: SNAP

The maker of Snapchat (SNAP, +2.16%) raised $3.4 billion in its IPO (2017’s largest). But by year-end, 50% of its shares’ peak value had disappeared.

首推苹果公司的最新款智能手机iPhone X，同时也是功能最强大的迷你超级电脑，配备有机发光显示器（OLED）屏幕，还搭载突破性的面部识别功能Face ID。其次是任天堂的新主机Switch，这款售价300美元的游戏机既可以手持，也可以连接电视。第三就是亚马逊的智能锁和摄像头系统Key。亚马逊的快递人员可以进入客户的家中，做到真正的送货上门。（只是不知道你有对亚马逊的掌门人杰夫·贝佐斯有多信任？）

最大“分家案”：通用电气剥离资产

今年10月，通用电气公司的新任首席执行官约翰·弗兰纳里宣布，将剥离200亿美元资产。深陷困境的工业巨头可能出售旗下历史最久的两大业务：交通运输和托马斯·爱迪生开创的照明业务剩余部分。通用电气的规模已经比2000年缩水了73%。

In first place: the iPhone X, Apple’s ?latest and greatest mini-supercomputer, with an OLED screen and groundbreaking facial ID. In second, the Nintendo Switch, an ingenious $300 handheld that’s also a TV console. Third? Amazon Key, a service and camera system that lets the Amazon delivery guy inside your house. (How much do you trust Jeff Bezos?) —Aaron Pressman

Biggest Breakup: General Electric

GE’s new CEO, John Flannery, announced plans this October to unload $20 billion in assets of the ailing conglomerate, in a sale that may include two of its oldest divisions: transportation, and the remainder of the lighting business started by Thomas Edison. The onetime icon of American business is 73% smaller than it was in 2000. —Lucinda Shen

美国最大处方药零售商CVS和美国第三大保险公司安泰保险金融集团强强联手，这一并购案将震动医疗保险行业。

* 截至2017年12月5日数据??

The pairing of one of the largest drugstores and largest insurers will shake up health care.

* As of Dec. 5, 2017.???

随着俄罗斯政府利用Facebook的广告机器扩大美国国内政治分歧的证据出现，其中还包括煽动针对德克萨斯人的分裂主义活动，Facebook首席运营官雪莉·桑德伯格迅速前往华盛顿安抚国会议员，显示Facebook对该问题的重视。Facebook对此事件采取了一些态度明确的对策，包括在广告产品中删除了一些有针对性的类别，比如“仇视犹太人的人”。Facebook还推出了一种策划好的工具，帮助用户监测是否无意中关注过俄罗斯2016年发动网络攻势的账号，变成水军的粉丝。这些能否帮Facebook顺利通过更严格的新监管措施？现在判断国会对Facebook提出的解决之道点头还是摇头，还为时过早。

年度最恶劣数据泄密：Equifax、雅虎、Uber

今年破坏性最强、最令人不安的企业数据泄密案有以下三起。

影响1.46亿人的Equifax数据泄密

一个黑客组织几个月内窃取了美国知名征信机构Equifax的诸多重要数据，包括用户的姓名、出生日期、地址和社保号码。这起攻击可能影响将近半数美国人。

雅虎数据泄密波及30亿用户账户

今年10月科技巨头雅虎宣布，低估了2013年一起数据泄密案影响的用户人数（此前雅虎估计的影响人数已经创了全球数据泄密案之最）。泄密案件中，黑客窃取了众多用户的姓名、电邮、手机号等信息。

Uber数据泄密影响5700万人

共享用车巨头Uber今年承认曾试图掩盖数据泄密的事实，向黑客支付了10万美元，以求黑客对窃取大批客户数据一事保持缄默。??

After evidence emerged that the Kremlin used Facebook’s ad machine to promote political division in the U.S.—including a real-life Texas secession rally—COO Sheryl Sandberg went to Washington to reassure Congress that the company cares about the issue. Facebook’s response includes not-so-subtle steps like eliminating the ability to target categories such as “Jew hater” from its ad offerings, and a planned tool that will let users find out if they inadvertently liked or followed Russian propaganda accounts in 2016. Will this be enough to stave off the new regulatory measures Facebook fears? It’s too soon to say if Congress will say da or nyet to the company’s proposed solutions.—Jeff John Roberts

The Year’s Worst Breaches: Equifax, Yahoo, Uber

The most damaging and disturbing corporate data theft revelations of 2017.

146?million: People affected by Equifax breach

For months, a hacker group hoovered up the credit ?giant’s prized data: including names, birth dates, addresses, and Social Security numbers, in an attack that likely affected almost half the U.S. population.

3?billion: User accounts compromised in Yahoo breach

In October, the tech giant revealed it had underestimated by billions the number of people affected by a 2013 data breach (already the world’s largest), in which thieves stole names, emails, phone numbers, and more.

57?million: People affected by Uber breach

The ride-hailing giant disclosed this year it had engaged in a cover-up: paying hackers $100,000 to keep quiet about a trove of customer data they stole. —Robert Hackett

今年美国休斯敦市、佛罗里达州、加州和波多黎各遭遇飓风袭击，一些公司借机大搞宣传，但还有些公司低调地帮助灾区。波多黎各受灾后，虽然旗下连锁店T.J. Maxx、Marshalls和HomeGoods在当地门店都已关门（时间有长有短），美国服装和家用产品零售商TJX Cos.也继续给员工发薪。服装公司盖璞也一样。??

After 2017’s natural disasters in Houston, Puerto Rico, Florida, and California, some companies milked their good works for good PR. But others chose to do the right thing without fanfare. TJX Cos. quietly continued to pay Puerto Rico–based employees of its T.J. Maxx, Marshalls, and HomeGoods chains, even while stores were closed (regardless of how long). Gap did the same. —Phil Wahba

今年，数十位有权有势的男性被指存在性侵犯行为（有些更严重），引发了科技、媒体和娱乐行业大规模声讨浪潮，卷入其中的还包括好莱坞大亨哈维·韦恩斯坦和特斯拉董事会成员史蒂夫·尤尔韦特松。不过目前来看影响仅限于私德领域，并未影响公职。有望出任阿拉巴马州参议院的罗伊·摩尔、明尼苏达州参议员阿尔·弗兰肯也都受到指控，但并未退出竞选或主动请辞。

最新行话：“文化附加值”

随着Uber和其他科技公司屡受指责，很多硅谷创业公司都开始重新思考价值取向。要摒弃什么价值？招聘“符合公司文化”的员工，即技术人员招技术人员。倾向什么价值？“文化附加值”，即为实现多元化招聘。但人力资源新造热词对科技业人才具体会产生多大影响，尚待观察。——迈克尔·勒夫拉姆??

Dozens of powerful men have been credibly accused of sexual harassment (or worse) this year, leading to a cross-industry exodus of leading players in tech, media, and entertainment—including Harvey Weinstein and Tesla board member Steve Jurvetson. Notably, though, the accountability seems to be mostly confined to the private sector—politicians like Alabama Senate-hopeful Roy Moore and Minnesota Sen. Al Franken were also accused of misconduct, but have (so far) not dropped out or resigned. —Valentina Zarya

Best New Jargon: ‘Culture Add’

Reports of toxic work environments at Uber and other tech companies have forced many Silicon Valley startups to rethink their values. What’s out? Hiring for “culture fit,” a.k.a. tech bros recruiting tech bros. What’s in? “Culture add,” or hiring for diversity. Companies like Pandora and Lyft have already adopted the new lingo, but it remains to be seen whether the new HR buzzwords can have real impact on the tech industry’s workforce. —Michal Lev-Ram??

@Wendys称，只要卡特·维尔克森在Twitter求鸡块的推文转发达到1800万次，就免费提供一年的鸡块。后来这条推文创纪录地获得360万次转发，但还是没达到目标。（Wendy’s最后还是给了他免费鸡块。）??

Carter Wilkerson’s plea after @Wendys said it would give him a year of free chicken nuggets if he reached 18 million retweets. He set records, with 3.6 million retweets, but still came up short. (Wendy’s gave him the nuggs anyway.)??

“做特斯拉Model 3期间，真是需要特别强大的意志力才能不郁闷。多数时候我都病恹恹的。但得想办法自我暗示：喝几瓶红牛，跟心态积极的朋友聊一聊，然后告诉自己：‘还有这么多人依靠我呢。好吧，继续努力！’”

——伊隆·马斯克接受《滚石》杂志采访时相当坦诚地谈起分手后如何振作。??

“It took every ounce of will to be able to do the Model 3 event and not look like the most depressed guy around. For most of that day, I was morbid. And then I had to psych myself up: drink a couple of Red Bulls, hang out with positive people and then, like, tell myself: ‘I have all these people depending on me. All right, do it!’”

- Elon Musk, in a surprisingly relatable interview with Rolling Stone, talking about rallying after a breakup

道琼斯指数虽然创纪录地达到24000点，但比起阿根廷Merval指数45.3%的升幅简直小巫见大巫。与此同时，阿根廷通胀问题看起来也逐渐得到控制。或许外国资本可以涌入了。??

The Dow may have blown past records to top 24,000, but those gains look paltry compared with the 45.3% run-up in Argentina’s Merval index. On top of that, the country’s inflation problems look to be gradually coming under control. Cue an influx of foreign investment. —Anne VanderMey

对股市来说这是很好的一年：道琼斯打破纪录，标普500指数分红前指数涨幅达16%。对一小部分公司和投资者来说，今年非常棒。图中是2017年美股市场涨幅最高的大公司。??

It was a good year for the stock market: The Dow broke records, and the S&P 500 climbed 16% before dividends. For a few companies and investors, though, it was a great year. Here, the large-company stocks in the U.S. that rose the most in 2017.

美联航今年整体情况一般，低迷主要原因是低成本竞争，而不是乘客被拖下飞机的视频疯传。虽然声讨者众，但事件发生一个月后美联航的股票还是触及历史高点。

United had a so-so year, but the downs were due to low-cost competition—not the viral video of a man being dragged from one of its planes. Despite the mass outrage, United’s stock hit all-time highs a month after the incident. —Tom Huddleston Jr.

杰夫·贝索斯努力打造的“百货网站”现在真的无所不包，其他竞争者越发受到多变的投资者嫌弃。亚马逊宣布出资137亿美元收购全食超市后，一个早上，百货连锁店克罗格、沃尔玛、好市多、超价商店和塔吉特市值共缩水267亿美元。哪怕只是传言亚马逊要进入的市场，都能让从业者惶惶不可终日。有报道称亚马逊开始招聘制药背景的人，可能进入医疗行业，CVS Health和沃尔格林股价应声下跌逾3%。亚马逊偶尔表露出对物流和汽车配件业务的兴趣，也惹得UPS和Autozone之类公司投资者坐立不安。??

As Jeff Bezos’s “everything store” expands into, well, everything, skittish investors are punishing companies caught in the crosshairs. After Amazon announced it would buy Whole Foods for $13.7 billion, grocery chains Kroger, Walmart, Costco, SuperValu, and Target collectively lost $26.7 billion in market value—in a single morning. Even rumors that Amazon might be coming were enough to unsettle whole industries this year. Following reports that the company was hiring people with pharmacy backgrounds, signifying a possible health care play, shares of CVS Health and Walgreens fell over 3%. Amazon’s flirtation with the delivery and auto parts businesses also spooked UPS and Autozone investors. —Jonathan Vanian

Uber今年的故事就算放在肥皂剧里估计都显夸张。诡异、诱人、震惊、让人脑洞大开？一点没错。非常可信？说不上。

要这么说，2017年Uber的故事堪称世纪大戏。刚开年，为抵制新任总统特朗普的限制移民政策，出租车行业组织大规模罢工，而Uber却借此推广自家生意引发众怒，饱受争议的首席执行官/创业家卡兰尼克只得卸任“总统经济顾问”一职。随后卡兰尼克对一名长期与Uber合作的专车司机爆粗口，视频遭曝光。一名工程师揭露了公司内部可怕的性骚扰。好几位高管因此被开或离职。一群早期投资人（Alphabet自动驾驶部门Waymo）状告Uber窃取商业机密。卡兰尼克母亲惨遭船只失事身亡。随后这位首席执行官被迫走人。

所有这些都是发生在特拉维斯·卡兰尼克和Uber的真事，而且只是上半年。

此后事态更加不可收拾。Uber背后关键投资机构Benchmark Capital起诉卡兰尼克董事会席位安排不善。卡兰尼克下台后，Uber公开寻找新任首席执行官。后来找到一位还算可信但没什么名气的继任者——Expedia的达拉·科斯罗萨西，一上任就被迫承认之前拼命掩盖的大规模网络攻击行为。哦还有，软银在大幅调低估值后愿意投资数十亿美元。

2018年还能更刺激么？

最佳电影（剔除星战系列）

2017年票房大卖的片子：

1.美女与野兽：$504,014,165

2.神奇女侠：$412,563,408

3.银河护卫队2：$389,813,101??

One of the defining characteristics of a soap opera is a story that’s too delicious to be true. Wacky, riveting, shocking, titillating? Yes. Completely believable? No.

By that measure, Uber’s 2017 was a soap opera for the ages. An already infamous entrepreneur/CEO starts the year by quitting a presidential council amid furor over the company’s botched response to a taxi boycott spurred by a new President’s policies. A video of the same CEO berating a longtime driver goes viral. An engineer posts a lurid account of sexual harassment. Multiple top executives are jettisoned or otherwise flee. A unit of an early investor (Alphabet’s Waymo self-driving car outfit) sues the company for trade theft. The CEO’s mother dies in a tragic boating mishap. The CEO himself gets the boot.

All this happened to Travis Kalanick and Uber—in the first half of the year.

Then things get worse. Key backer Benchmark Capital sues Kalanick over allocation of board seats. Uber publicly searches for a new CEO as Kalanick meddles. A credible but little-known candidate, Expedia’s Dara Khosrowshahi, takes the top job—only to be forced to reveal a massive hacking attack the company had previously covered up. Oh, and SoftBank offers to invest billions of dollars at a dramatically reduced valuation.

Could 2018 possibly top that? —Adam Lashinsky

Best Movies (Non-Star Wars Category)

The 2017 releases that made the most at the box office:

1. Beauty and the Beast: $504,014,165

2. Wonder Woman: $412,563,408

3. Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2: $389,813,101

《星球大战：最后的绝地武士》热映后，估计会大幅推动玩具周边销售，其中最受欢迎的没准就是这个新角色外星“小企鹅”。

Star Wars: The Last Jedi should drive big toy sales—thanks in no small part to its new alien-?penguin hybrid.

今年股市火热，新总统特朗普也是重要原因，但有个行业的投资者遭受了损失：枪支。以往推动枪支销售的因素主要是担心禁枪（所以人们赶着去买枪屯起来）。现在由于支持枪支的共和党执政，枪支销售低迷。手枪制造商美国户外品牌今年股价下跌近40%，第二大枪械制造商Remington Outdoor还遭遇债务危机。（财富中文网）

本文另一版本发表于2017年12月15日出版的《财富》杂志。

译者：Pessy

审稿: 夏林

President Trump took a lot of credit for the hot stock market this year, but there’s one industry whose investors he hurt: guns. Gun sales are often driven by fear of weapons bans (as consumers rush to stock up). Now, under the pro-gun GOP, sales are slumping. American Outdoor Brands’ stock fell nearly 40% this year, and Remington Outdoor faces debt trouble.

A version of this article appears in the Dec. 15, 2017 issue of Fortune.