2017年去世名人全记录

2017年又有一批我们熟悉的商界、金融界和公共名人去世了，其中包括了《花花公子》杂志的创始人休·海夫纳，福克斯新闻频道的首席执行官罗杰·艾尔斯，亿万富翁、慈善家大卫·洛克菲勒等等。

2017年去世的商界名人有：收购了普渡制药公司的雷蒙德·萨克勒——围绕普渡制药公司生产的止痛药奥施康定，一直存在着一定的争议；此外还有东芝前总裁、东京证交所前董事长西室泰三，好市多联合创始人杰弗里·布罗特曼，洛斯公司女掌门人琼·蒂施等人。

2017年去世的金融界领袖包括：曾为风投界的先驱Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers公司和私募公司KKR & Co提供创业融资的亨利·希尔曼，欧莱雅的女掌门人、全球最富有女性利利亚娜·贝登古，曾作为巴菲特的代言人，亲自坐阵纽交所撮合伯尔希尔哈撒韦股票买卖的詹姆斯·马奎尔等等。

2017年故去的公共领域名人有：因美国出兵而被迫下台、并因贩毒而入狱的前巴拿马独裁者曼努埃尔·诺列加，曾经见证东西德统一的前德国总理赫尔穆特·科尔，美国前总统卡德的国家安全顾问布热津斯基等。

以下就是2017年去世政商名人名单，后附简要生平事迹，部分名人亦附死因。

一月

比利时经济学家卢克·柯恩，享年69岁，曾在欧洲央行监管部门任职，期间曾为欧洲央行行长德拉吉制定的刺激政策进行辩护。柯恩还曾担任过比利时央行行长。他于1月5日去世。

葡萄牙前总理马里奥•苏亚雷斯，享年92岁。他推动了葡萄牙向民主政体的平稳过渡。在“康乃馨革命”终结为期五年的独裁统治后，苏亚雷斯于1976年当选为葡萄牙首位民选总理。他于1月7日去世。

伊朗前总统拉夫桑贾尼，享年82岁。他是伊朗伊斯兰共和国的缔造者之一，曾任两届伊朗总统，也是现任总统哈桑·鲁哈尼的重要盟友。1月8日，他因心脏衰竭在德黑兰的一家医院中去世。

瓦尔特·朗格，享年92岁。他于1948年逃出德国，40年后他回归祖国，复苏了高端手表品牌朗格（A. Lange & Soehne），该品牌现为瑞士奢侈品制造商历峰集团所有。他于1月17日去世。

美国女演员玛丽·泰勒·摩尔，享年80岁。她在《范戴克摇滚音乐剧》和《玛丽泰勒摩尔秀》中出演的角色，改变了女性和婚姻在美国流行文化中的形象。她于1月25日去世。

二月

肯·莫里森，享年85岁。他将父亲的一家食杂店经营成了英国第四大连锁超市——威廉莫里森超市集团（Wm Morrison Supermarkets Plc），该公司目前已经营了500多家门店。他于2月1日在英格兰东北部的约克郡家中去世。

洛伦佐·塞维赫，享年98岁。他参与创办了墨西哥宾堡集团，并将公司发展为世界上最大的面包生产商。他于2月3日去世于墨西哥城。

马里萨·莱蒂西亚·席尔瓦，66岁。她是巴西前总统卢拉·席尔瓦的夫人，在巴西反腐风暴中，她被指控与国有企业巴西石油公司的贿赂案有关。2月3日，她因中风死于圣保罗某医院。

威廉·库珀，享年73岁。他曾领导TCF金融公司达30年，使这家总部位于明尼苏达州威塔扎市的银行在美国中西部发展到拥有300多家分支机构。2月7日因癌症去世于明尼阿波利斯某医院。

亿万富翁麦克·伊利奇，享年87岁。他是美国第三大披萨连锁店“小凯撒”的创始人。他曾自己掏包买下了当地的球队，并斥巨资支持底特律的经济复苏。他于2月10日去世于底特律的一家医院里。

共和党议员罗伯特·米歇尔，享年93岁，1981年至1995年任美国众议院领袖，他以喜欢协商、彬彬有礼而获得好评。而他的继任认纽特·金里奇相比之下则更加好斗。2月17日因肺部感染去世于弗吉尼亚州阿灵顿市某医院。

维塔利·丘尔金，享年64岁，2006年起任俄罗斯驻美大使。在俄罗斯出兵格鲁吉亚、吞并克里米亚、支持乌克兰分裂势力等问题上，丘尔金不遗余力地为俄罗斯的外交政策辩护。他于2月20日去世于纽约。

美国学者肯尼斯•阿罗，享年95岁，他曾因在一般均衡理论方面的贡献而获得1972年的诺贝尔奖，他也是现代经济学的奠基人之一。他于2月21日死于加州帕洛阿尔托市家中。

欧文·塞勒，享年82岁，英国房地产开发商，西欧地区的最高建筑——伦敦夏德大厦就是他的塞勒地产集团开发的。他于2月26日因病去世。

马克·恰尔内斯基，享年61岁。他从分公司助理经理干起，一直干至M&T银行的董事长和首席执行官，在这家公司整整奉献了40年时光。M&T 银行的大股东中还有巴菲特的伯克希尔哈撒韦公司，占股约3.5%。他于2月26日因胰腺癌去世于纽约布法罗某医院。

三月

乔·罗杰斯，享年97岁。1955年，他参与创办了具有美国南部早餐风味的路边快餐连锁店松饼屋（Waffle House），该品牌24小时营业，拥有1800多家门店。他去世于3月3日。

斯蒂芬·罗斯，享年93岁，麻省理工大学经济学家，于1976年提出了套利定价理论，他的其他理论模型也对现代经济学和投资管理学产生了重要影响。3月3日因心脏骤停于康涅狄格州的莱姆镇的家中去世。

葛森·可可斯特，享年82岁。他在纽约创办的Kekst & Co公司是一家知名的公关公司，擅长收并购业务，像前花旗集团CEO斯坦福·魏尔、亿万富翁投资人亨利·克维拉斯等都曾是他的客户。他于3月17日去世于纽约某医院。

大卫·洛克菲勒，美国银行家、慈善家、总统顾问、史上最富有家族的继承人、全球最老的亿万富翁，享年101岁。3月21日，他因心力衰竭在纽约波坎蒂科山的家中去世。

马丁·麦吉尼斯，享年66岁，曾任爱尔兰共和军和新芬运动领导人，是推动北爱和平进程的重要人物。去世于3月21日。

查尔斯·墨菲，享年56岁，纽约对冲基金Paulson & Co公司合伙人，曾推动公司积极认购美国国际集团（AIG）股份。3月27日，他在纽约某酒店跳楼自杀。。

艾哈迈德·卡特拉达，享年87岁，反种族隔离制度活动家，他曾与曼德拉一起因图谋推翻南非白人政府而入狱20多年，3月28日，他在接受脑部手术后不久，于约翰内斯堡的一家医院中去世。

四月

享利·希尔曼，亿万富翁，享年98岁。他利用家族在匹兹堡做煤炭生意攒下的家产，为私募公司KKR & Co和硅谷风投公司Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers提供了创业融资。他于3月14日去世于匹兹堡某医院。

格雷夫·克里斯托，享年82岁。他曾为企业董事会提供咨询服务四十年，教企业如何为高管的高薪酬辩解。但后来他却成了对企业高管过度薪酬问题批评最尖锐的人。4月18日，他因心脏病去世于拉斯维加斯家中。

哈维·克鲁格，享年88岁，曾任雷曼兄弟银行高管。他曾在华尔街和以色列间建立投资管道，为包括全球最大的基因制药公司——梯瓦制药工业公司在内的一些以色列企业拉来了融资。4月23日，他于曼哈顿家中去世。

拉杰·库玛尔·巴格里，享年86岁。曾任加尔各答某贸易公司文员，后来成为伦敦金属交易所董事长。于4月26日去世。

托马斯·富克纳，享年98岁。松饼屋（Waffle House）的共同创始人。4月26日去世于佐治亚州某养老院。松饼屋的另一名创始人乔·罗杰斯也先他一个月去世。

五月

艾伦·梅尔策，享年89岁，美国经济学家，他对美联储近年来的政策走向具有举足轻重的影响。比如他在房地产火爆的时候坚持保持低利率政策，间接导致了2008年的经济危机。他于5月8日去世。

约翰·唐纳修，享年92岁，联邦投资者公司（Federated Investors Inc）创始人。该公司是匹兹堡的一家投资管理公司，最出名的是该公司的货币市场基金。他于5月11日病逝于佛罗里达州的那不勒斯。

毛诺·科伊维斯托，芬兰前总统，享年93岁。他带领芬兰安稳渡过了苏东剧变，并推动芬兰加入欧盟。5月12日病逝于赫尔辛基。

布拉德·格雷，享年59岁，美国知名猎头。在2017年二月被解职前，曾领导派拉蒙影业12年，出品过《黑道家族》等著名美剧。5月14日因癌症病逝。

罗杰·艾尔斯，享年77岁，曾任美国总统顾问。1996年为了替共和党造势而与传媒大亨与默多克共同创办福克斯新闻频道，现在福克斯新闻已经成为美国观众最多的有线电视网络。后因性骚扰指控辞职。5月18日因在佛罗里达州棕榈滩的家中摔伤而病逝。

唐德纳·斯通，享年93岁，曾管理纽交所超过20年，并升任纽交所副主席。5月20在纽约家中去世。

杰瑞·帕伦奇奥，享年86岁，前猎头、体育经纪人。他创办的西班牙语环球电视台是美国最大的西语广播公司，他也被认为是最优秀的好莱坞经纪人。5月22日因癌症在洛杉矶家中病逝。

兹比格纽·布热津斯基，享年89岁，曾任美国前总统杰米·卡特的国家安全顾问。他坚持美国对前苏联采取强硬路线，参与指挥了1980年在伊朗的一次失败的营救美国人质事件。他于5月26日去世。

吉姆·邦宁，享年85岁。棒球名人堂球员，1964年打出了全美棒球联盟史上80多年来的第一次完全比赛，后来曾代表肯塔基州做过两任美国参议员。5月26日因中风去世。

康斯坦丁·米佐塔基斯，享年98岁，前希腊总理。他在90年代初期加强了与欧盟的关系，削减了政府支出，主导了部分国有资产的出售。5月29日逝世。

曼纽尔·诺列加，享年83岁。前巴拿马独裁者，1989年被美国出兵赶下台，后因受控走私可卡因、敲诈、洗钱等罪被判入狱20多年。5月29日因脑瘤手术并发症去世。

六月

罗伯特·甘皮奥，加拿大商人，享年93岁。他在80年代主导了联合百货和联邦百货的并购，引起了美国零售行业的强烈震荡。他的公司后因过度负债倒闭。6月12日，他在渥太华的家中去世。

赫尔穆特·科尔，德国前总理，享年87岁。在他的任期内，冷战后的东西德于1990年实现了统一。他还促成了欧洲的经济货币一体化，将现任总理默克尔选入了他的内阁。6月16日，他在德国西部城市路德维希港的家中去世。

戴希·班度·古普塔，享年79岁，亿万富翁、印度第二大制药公司鲁宾（Lupin）创始人。在他的带领下，鲁宾公司已成为全球知名基因药物生产商。他于6月26日去世。

西蒙妮·薇依，享年89岁，纳粹屠刀下的幸存者，曾任法国卫生部长，她也是是法国政府的首批女部长之一。1975年支持法国通过立法确定堕胎合法化。去世于6月30日。

七月

尼尔·帕特森，享年67岁，亿万富翁，医疗信息技术公司Cerner的创始人兼CEO。2009年，他的公司借美国联邦政府要求各医院建立数字病历之机迅速实现增长。7月9日因癌症并发症去世。

亚美利科·阿莫林，享年82岁，葡萄牙富翁，他将专做软木酒瓶塞的家族企业阿莫林集团（Corticeira Amorim SGPS）打造成了一家全球巨头，并进军能源和金融行业。他于7月13日去世。

雷蒙德·萨克勒，享年97岁。1952年萨克勒兄弟买下了普渡制药公司，该公司后来研发了颇有争议的止痛药物奥施康定。晚年乐善好施，向文化教育机构大量捐款。他去7月17日去世。

薄满乐，享年55岁。他的事业始于斯德哥尔摩期权交易所（OMX AB），2008年，他参与主导了将OMX以49亿美元卖给纳斯达克的交易，并继续担任合并后的公司总裁，后任新加坡证券交易所CEO。7月26日因癌症去世。

哈罗德·威廉姆斯，享年89岁，1977至1981年任美国证监会主席。在他的任期内，他要求独董要对董事会承担更多控制权，并要求企业将CEO与董事长的职务分离。7月30日在加州圣伊内斯家中去世。

八月

杰弗里·布罗特曼，享年74岁，好市多公司创始人，他的这家公司开启了仓储式超市时代。他于8月1日去世。

里克·乔治，享年67岁。在他担任森科能源公司CEO的20年间，他率先探索了加拿大的含油砂业务。8月1日因急性骨髓性白血病去世。

迪克·格雷戈里，享年84岁，美国喜剧演员、社会活动家，他激励了整整一代黑人单口喜剧演员，并曾与马丁·路德·金、马尔科姆·艾克斯等共同奔走呼号，争取人权。8月19日因严重细菌感染病逝于华盛顿。

詹姆斯·马奎尔，享年86岁，曾为伯尔希尔哈撒韦公司坐阵纽交所，为该公司股票的买家和卖家牵线，深受巴菲特好评。8月21日在新泽西州修特山的家中去世。

九月

皮埃尔·贝尔热，享年86岁。他一手将伊夫·圣·洛朗捧成了全球最知名的时尚设计师，后来成了法国媒体和文化界名人。9月8日，他在经历长期病痛折磨后，在法国南部普罗旺斯圣雷米的家中去世。

伊迪斯·温莎，享年88岁，曼哈顿居民。她的惊天一诉，令美国最高法院于2013年推动美国十余州承认了同性婚姻伴侣享有的联邦权利。9月12日逝世于纽约。

皮特·多米尼斯，享年85岁，曾任六届共和党参议员，后因反对里根总统的供给侧经济政策而与共和党决裂。在近期接受腹部手术后，于9月13日在阿尔伯克基市的新墨西哥州立大学医院病逝。

赫尔伯特·卡姆巴克，享年95岁，美国前总统尼克松的私人律师，曾为“水门事件”中的窃听犯发过活动经费，后来因为违反政治献金法、卖官鬻爵而被判入狱。9月15日去世于加州新港滩。

莉莉安·贝登古，享年94岁，欧莱雅创始人厄让·舒莱尔的独生女。她拥有欧莱雅集团约三分之一的股份，因此她也是全世界最富有的女性。9月20日在巴黎郊区家中去世。

休·海夫纳，享年91岁，《花花公子》杂志创始人，他将自己奔放的生活方式变成了事业，向美国人展示了如何在两性上变得更开放。9月27日逝世于洛杉矶的花花公子大厦。

十月

小萨缪尔·纽豪斯，享年89岁，康泰纳仕出版公司老板，旗下拥有《Vogue》、《纽约客》、《名利场》等多本知名杂志。10月1日逝世。

季米特里斯·洛伊斯，享年56岁，2011年起任可口可乐HBC公司CEO（总部位于瑞士的楚格）。10月2日在病假期间去世，病因未向外披露。

保罗·奥特利尼，享年66岁，2005至2013年间任英特尔公司CEO。他重点发展计算机服务器市场的芯片业务，并与苹果建立了合作关系，将英特尔处理器带到Mac电脑上，使公司实现了创纪录的利润。10月2日去世。

罗杰·杜比，手表大亨，享年79岁。1995年创办豪爵品牌，此前曾在百达翡丽公司从事高端手表研发工作长达14年。后来他将豪爵公司卖给历峰集团。10月14日去世。

西室泰三，享年81岁，历任东芝集团、日本邮政控股、东京证交所负责人，他对日本企业界的影响是极其巨大的。关于他去世的细节，有关方面并未提供。

十一月

琼·蒂施，享年90岁，亿万富翁，她的家族参与创办了Loews公司，也是纽约巨人队的老板之一。11月2日病逝。

小理查德·戈尔登，享年88岁，阿波罗12号宇宙飞船飞行员，1969年在美国航天局的第二次登月任务中，作为飞控模块的操作员进行了绕月飞行。11月6日病逝。

“野兽”塞尔瓦托·里纳，87岁，意大利黑手党教父。因下令杀害法官、政客、犯罪集团成员和告密者以及领导柯里昂犯罪家族等罪名被判终身监禁。11月17日死于意大利帕尔玛某医院的监护病房。

查尔斯·曼森，83年，邪教教主，1969年在洛杉矶策划杀害了身怀六甲的女演员莎朗·塔特等七人。11月19日死于加州肯恩县医院。

曼吉特·沃斯滕霍姆，享年53岁，英国次贷公司Provident Financial公司执行主席。自该公司CEO于8月下台后，沃斯滕霍姆也遭到指控。他于11月23日去世。

贝尔米洛·德·阿兹维多，享年79岁。他将一家本地的木材加工厂经营成了一家业务涉及零售、电信和商场开发的全球性企业。11月29日去世。

十二月

约翰·安德森，享年95岁，前伊利诺斯州共和党籍议员，曾作为独立候选人参加1980年美国总统大选，挑战了美国的两党制体系。12月3日在华盛顿去世。

斯莉丝汀·基勒，享年75岁，年轻时曾当过模特。上世纪60年代，她与英国前首相约翰·普罗富莫和一位苏联间谍的风流艳史曾导致英国保守党因此失势。12月4日，她在英国法恩伯勒附近的一家医院逝世。

亨特·哈里森，享年73岁。在被CSX铁路公司聘请去提高该公司疲软的绩效前，哈里森曾在三家铁路运营商效力50年之久。12月16日，他在佛罗里达州的威灵顿去世，此时距他请病假暂离CEO岗位只有几天。

罗伯特·威尔默，享年83岁，他将M&T银行发展为美国第13大银行，连巴菲特也是他的粉丝。12月16日在纽约家中去世。

威廉·雅智，享年79岁。他一度是商界炙手可热的明星，但在80年代担任Bendix公司CEO期间，其主导的一起并购交易以失败告终；90年代效力于建筑公司Morrison Knudsen公司期间，该公司也以崩溃告终，威廉·雅智的职业生涯也就此惨淡收场。12月20日，他因呼吸衰竭和硬皮症等导致的并发症，在西雅图的瑞典医院病逝。（财富中文网）

译者：贾政景

Playboy magazine founder Hugh Hefner, Fox News Channel Chief Executive Officer Roger Ailes and billionaire philanthropist David Rockefeller were among newsmakers in business, finance and public affairs who died in 2017.

The business world lost Raymond Sackler, who bought Purdue Pharma, producer of the controversial pain pill OxyContin; Taizo Nishimuro, former head of Toshiba and the Tokyo Stock Exchange; Jeffrey Brotman, co-founder of Costco Wholesale; Paul Otellini, former CEO of chipmaker Intel ; and Joan Tisch, the billionaire matriarch of the clan that started Loews.

Financial leaders who died included Henry Hillman, who provided startup funding for venture-capital pioneer Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers and private-equity firm KKR & Co.; Liliane Bettencourt, the L’Oreal heiress who was the world’s wealthiest woman; and James Maguire, who matched buyers and sellers of Berkshire Hathaway shares as Warren Buffett’s New York Stock Exchange floor specialist.

Among deceased public sector figures were Manuel Noriega, the Panamanian dictator who was ousted by a U.S. invasion and imprisoned for drug trafficking; Helmut Kohl, the German chancellor who oversaw his country’s reunification after the Cold War; and Zbigniew Brzezinski, President Jimmy Carter’s national security adviser.

Here are the year’s notable deaths, with each name linked to a previously published obituary. A cause of death is provided when known.

January

Luc Coene, 69. Belgian economist who was a member of the European Central Bank’s supervisory unit, where he defended the stimulus policies enacted under President Mario Draghi, and a former governor of the National Bank of Belgium. Died Jan. 5.

Mario Soares, 92. Prime minister who helped consolidate Portugal’s transition to democracy and in 1976 became the first freely elected premier after a revolution ended almost five decades of dictatorship. Died Jan. 7.

Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, 82. Co-founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran who served two terms as president and was a key ally of President Hassan Rouhani. Died Jan. 8 from heart failure at a hospital in Tehran.

Walter Lange, 92. Fled Germany in 1948 and returned four decades later to resurrect the high-end watchmaker A. Lange & Soehne, which is now owned by Swiss luxury-goods maker Richemont. Died Jan. 17.

Mary Tyler Moore, 80. American actress who made lasting changes to how women and marriage are portrayed in popular culture through the characters she portrayed in The Dick Van Dyke Show and The Mary Tyler Moore Show. Died Jan. 25.

February

Ken Morrison, 85. Turned his father’s local grocery store into the U.K.’s fourth-biggest supermarket chain, Wm Morrison Supermarkets Plc, which operates more than 500 stores. Died Feb. 1 at his home in Yorkshire, in northern England, after a brief illness.

Lorenzo Servitje, 98. Co-founder of Mexico’s Grupo Bimbo SAB de CV, who helped expand the company into the world’s largest bread maker. Died Feb. 3 in Mexico City.

Marisa Leticia Lula da Silva, 66. The wife of former two-term Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, she was charged in connection with Brazil’s long-running probe into bribes involving the state-run oil company Petrobras. Died Feb 3. at the Sirio-Libanes Hospital in Sao Paulo after a stroke.

William Cooper, 73. Led TCF Financial for three decades, expanding the Wayzata, Minnesota-based bank to more than 300 branches in the Midwest. Died Feb. 7 from cancer at a Minneapolis-area hospital.

Mike Ilitch, 87. Billionaire who used the fortune he built as the founder of closely held Little Caesars Enterprises, the No. 3 U.S. pizza chain, to buy local sports teams and spur development in financially strapped Detroit. Died Feb. 10 at a Detroit-area hospital.

Robert Michel, 93. Republican congressman serving Illinois who emphasized consultation and civility as House leader from 1981 to 1995 before making way for Newt Gingrich and a more combative approach to governing. Died Feb. 17 from pneumonia at a hospital in Arlington, Virginia.

Vitaly Churkin, 64. Russia’s ambassador to the United Nations since 2006 who defended his nation’s foreign policy as it waged war with Georgia, annexed the Crimean peninsula and supported separatists in Ukraine. Died Feb. 20 in New York.

Kenneth Arrow, 95. The U.S. scholar whose study of how the various parts of an economy work toward equilibrium won him the Nobel Prize in 1972 and established him as one of the founders of modern economics. Died Feb. 21 at his home in Palo Alto, California.

Irvine Sellar, 82. U.K. real estate developer whose Sellar Property Group developed London’s Shard skyscraper, the tallest tower in western Europe. Died Feb. 26 following a brief illness.

Mark Czarnecki, 61. Rose from assistant branch manager to president and chief operating officer at M&T Bank Corp. during four decades at the Buffalo, New York-based lender. The bank’s largest shareholders include Warren Buffett’s Berkshire Hathaway Inc., with a stake of about 3.5 percent. Died Feb. 26 at a hospital in Buffalo, New York, following a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

March

Joe Rogers, 97. Co-founded in 1955 the Waffle House chain of U.S. roadside diners specializing in Southern-style breakfasts served 24-hours-a-day at more than 1,800 locations. Died March 3.

Stephen Ross, 73. Economist at Massachusetts Institute of Technology best known for developing arbitrage pricing theory in 1976 and other models that shaped economic theory and investment management. Died March 3 from cardiac arrest at his home in Old Lyme, Connecticut.

Gershon Kekst, 82. Founded New York-based Kekst & Co., the dominant public-relations firm for mergers and acquisitions, with clients such as former Citigroup Inc. CEO Sanford Weill and billionaire investor Henry Kravis. Died March 17 in a New York-area hospital.

David Rockefeller, 101. The U.S. banker, philanthropist, presidential adviser and heir to one of history’s most fabled fortunes was also the world’s oldest billionaire. Died March 20 from congestive heart failure at his home in Pocantico Hills, New York.

Martin McGuinness, 66. Former Irish Republican Army leader and Sinn Fein leader who helped negotiate peace in Northern Ireland after decades of sectarian violence. Died March 21.

Charles Murphy, 56. Partner at hedge-fund manager Paulson & Co. in New York and an architect of the firm’s activist push at American International Group. Died March 27 after leaping out a window at a New York hotel.

Ahmed Kathrada, 87. Anti-apartheid activist who, along with Nelson Mandela, spent more than two decades in prison for plotting to overthrow South Africa’s white-minority government. Died March 28 in a Johannesburg hospital following brain surgery.

April

Henry Hillman, 98. Billionaire who diversified his family’s Pittsburgh-based coal and coke fortune and provided startup funding for private-equity firm KKR & Co. and Silicon Valley venture-capital company Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers. Died April 14 at Shadyside Hospital in Pittsburgh.

Graef “Bud” Crystal, 82. He became the foremost critic of excessive compensation after four decades advising board directors on how to justify paying their chief executives top dollar. Died April 18 from heart disease at his home in Las Vegas.

Harvey Krueger, 88. The Lehman Brothers executive who opened an early investment pipeline between Wall Street and Israel that helped finance companies such as Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, the world’s largest generic drugmaker. Died April 23 at his home in Manhattan.

Raj Kumar Bagri, 86. Rose from filing clerk at a Calcutta trading company to chairman of the London Metal Exchange. Died April 26.

Thomas Forkner, 98. Co-founded Waffle House, the chain of 1,800 roadside diners spread across half the U.S. serving Southern-style breakfasts around the clock. Died April 26 at a retirement home in Johns Creek, Georgia. Co-founder Joe Rogers died in March at age 97.

May

Allan Meltzer, 89. Economist and Federal Reserve historian who was critical of the central bank’s recent policies, such as keeping interest rates low during the housing boom that fueled the credit crisis in 2008. Died May 8.

John F. Donahue, 92. Founder and longtime leader of Federated Investors Inc., a Pittsburgh-based investment-management firm best known for its money-market funds. Died May 11 in Naples, Florida.

Mauno Koivisto, 93. Former president of Finland who steered the Nordic nation through the collapse of the Soviet Union and toward entry into the European Union. Died May 12 at a hospital in Helsinki.

Brad Grey, 59. The former talent agent who led Viacom’s Paramount Pictures for 12 years before his ouster in February and had produced the groundbreaking television series The Sopranos. Died May 14 from cancer.

Roger Ailes, 77. Former U.S. presidential adviser who in 1996 started the Fox News Channel with Rupert Murdoch to promote a Republican agenda and built it into the most-watched U.S. cable news network before resigning amid sexual harassment allegations. Died May 18 from injuries sustained in a fall at his home in Palm Beach, Florida.

Donald Stone, 93. Floor specialist who helped govern the New York Stock Exchange for more than two decades and rose to become its vice chairman. Died May 20 at his home in Scarsdale, New York.

Jerry Perenchio, 86. Former talent agent and sports promoter who built Univision Communications Inc. into the largest Spanish-language broadcaster in the U.S. and was regarded as a consummate Hollywood dealmaker. Died May 22 of cancer at his home in the Bel-Air section of Los Angeles.

Zbigniew Brzezinski, 89. President Jimmy Carter’s national security adviser, who advocated a hard line toward the Soviet Union and helped develop the unsuccessful military mission in 1980 to rescue American hostages held in Iran. Died May 26.

Jim Bunning, 85. Hall of Fame baseball player who in 1964 pitched the first perfect game in the National League in more than 80 years and later served two terms as a U.S. senator from Kentucky. Died May 26 from a stroke.

Constantine Mitsotakis, 98. Former Greek prime minister who strengthened ties with the European Union and attempted unpopular cuts to government spending and state-asset sales in the early 1990s. Died May 29.

Manuel Noriega, 83. Panamanian dictator who was ousted by a U.S. invasion in 1989, convicted on charges of cocaine trafficking, racketeering and money laundering, and spent more than two decades in prison. Died May 29 from complications following the removal of a brain tumor earlier in the year.

June

Robert Campeau, 93. Canadian businessman who in the 1980s engineered the takeover of Allied Stores and Federated Department Stores, which shook up the U.S. retail industry until his company collapsed from the weight of excessive debt. Died June 12 at his home in Ottawa.

Helmut Kohl, 87. German chancellor who oversaw his country’s 1990 reunification after the Cold War, helped forge Europe’s economic and monetary union and gave current chancellor Angela Merkel her first cabinet post. Died June 16 at his home in the western German city of Ludwigshafen.

Desh Bandhu Gupta, 79. Billionaire founder and chairman of Lupin, India’s second-biggest drugmaker, which grew from a domestic business into a global powerhouse as a producer of generic drugs. Died June 26.

Simone Veil, 89. Holocaust survivor who became one of the first female ministers in the French government when she was appointed health minister and helped build support for the 1975 law that legalized abortion in France. Died June 30.

July

Neal Patterson, 67. Billionaire co-founder and CEO of Cerner, a health-care information technology company based in Kansas City, Missouri, which capitalized on the 2009 federal law requiring U.S. hospitals to digitize patient records. Died July 9 from complications related to cancer.

Americo Amorim, 82. Portuguese billionaire who turned his family’s cork producer, Corticeira Amorim SGPS, into a global giant and expanded into energy and financial industries. Died July 13.

Raymond Sackler, 97. With his brother Mortimer, in 1952 he bought Purdue Pharma, which would develop the controversial blockbuster pain pill OxyContin, and in later years gave away millions of dollars to cultural and educational institutions. Died July 17.

Magnus Bocker, 55. He began his career at OMX AB and helped engineer the 2008 deal to sell OMX to Nasdaq for $4.9 billion, serving as president of the combined organization before leaving to become CEO at Singapore Exchange Ltd. Died July 26 from cancer.

Harold Williams, 89. He led the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission under President Jimmy Carter from 1977 to 1981, calling for more control of corporate boards by independent directors and separating the jobs of CEO and chairman. Died July 30 at his home in Santa Ynez, California.

August

Jeffrey Brotman, 74. Co-founder of Issaquah, Washington-based Costco Wholesale, which helped trigger a movement that spread warehouse-style shopping to much of the world. Died Aug. 1.

Rick George, 67. Helped pioneer Canada’s oil-sands industry during two decades as CEO at Suncor Energy. Died Aug. 1 from acute myeloid leukemia.

Dick Gregory, 84. U.S. comedian and activist who inspired a generation of black stand-up performers and joined Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X in the struggle for civil rights. Died Aug. 19 in Washington from a severe bacterial infection.

James Maguire, 86. Won praise from Warren Buffett for efficiently matching buyers and sellers of Berkshire Hathaway Inc. shares as the company’s New York Stock Exchange floor specialist. Died Aug. 21 at his home in Short Hills, N.J.

September

Pierre Berge, 86. He helped make Yves Saint Laurent one of the world’s most acclaimed fashion designers and later became a well-known media and cultural figure in France. Died Sept. 8 at his home in Saint-Remy-de-Provence in the south of France after a long illness.

Edith Windsor, 88. Manhattan resident whose landmark legal case led the U.S. Supreme Court in 2013 to establish federal rights for same-sex married couples in more than a dozen states. Died Sept. 12 in New York.

Pete Domenici, 85. Six-term Republican senator from New Mexico who broke with his party by opposing the supply-side economic policies of President Ronald Reagan. Died Sept. 13 at the University of New Mexico Hospital in Albuquerque, New Mexico, following recent abdominal surgery.

Herbert Kalmbach, 95. President Richard Nixon’s personal attorney who distributed cash to the Watergate burglars and later was imprisoned for breaking campaign-finance laws and selling ambassadorships. Died Sept. 15 in Newport Beach, Calif.

Liliane Bettencourt, 94. The only child of L’Oreal SA founder Eugene Schueller, she owned about one-third of the Paris-based company’s shares, making her the world’s wealthiest woman. Died Sept. 20 at her home in Neuilly, a suburb of Paris.

Hugh Hefner, 91. Founder of Playboy magazine who turned his swinging lifestyle into a professional calling and showed Americans how to be more open about sex. Died Sept. 27 at his home, the Playboy Mansion, in Los Angeles.

October

Samuel “Si” Newhouse Jr., 89. Billionaire who as head of Conde Nast Publications in New York oversaw some of the best-known U.S. magazines, including Vogue, the New Yorker and Vanity Fair. Died Oct. 1.

Dimitris Lois, 56. CEO since 2011 at Coca-Cola HBC, formerly called Coca-Cola Hellenic Bottling, based in Zug, Switzerland. Died Oct. 2 while on medical leave for an undisclosed illness.

Paul Otellini, 66. Intel’s CEO from 2005 to 2013, who pushed the chipmaker to record profits by emphasizing processors for the lucrative computer server market and guiding a partnership with Apple to bring Intel processors to Mac computers. Died Oct. 2.

Roger Dubuis, 79. Watchmaker who spent 14 years at Patek Philippe developing complicated luxury timepieces before starting his own Geneva-based brand in 1995, then selling the firm to Richemont. Died Oct. 14.

Taizo Nishimuro, 81. He held enormous influence over corporate Japan for decades as head of Toshiba, Japan Post Holdings and the Tokyo Stock Exchange. No details were given.

November

Joan Tisch, 90. Billionaire matriarch of the family that co-founded Loews and co-owns the New York Giants football team. Died Nov. 2 after a brief illness.

Richard Gordon Jr., 88. The Apollo 12 astronaut who in 1969 orbited the moon as command-module pilot during NASA’s second manned moon-landing mission. Died Nov. 6.

Salvatore “The Beast” Riina, 87. Sicilian mafia godfather imprisoned for life after ordering the killings of judges, politicians, mobsters and informers while head of the Corleone crime family. Died Nov. 17 at the section for prisoners in Parma’s hospital, in northern Italy.

Charles Manson, 83. Imprisoned cult leader who in 1969 masterminded the gruesome murders of pregnant actress Sharon Tate and six other people in Los Angeles. Died Nov. 19 at Kern County Hospital in California.

Manjit Wolstenholme, 53. Executive chairman of U.K. subprime lender Provident Financial, who had been in charge since August, when the troubled company’s CEO stepped down. Died Nov. 23.

Belmiro de Azevedo, 79. He became Portugal’s richest person after transforming a local wood-panel manufacturer into a global enterprise involved in retailing, telecommunications and shopping-center development. Died Nov. 29.

December

John Anderson, 95. Former Republican congressman from Illinois who challenged the two-party system by running as an independent candidate in the 1980 presidential election. Died Dec. 3 in Washington.

Christine Keeler, 75. Former model whose scandalous affairs with U.K. government minister John Profumo and a Soviet spy in the 1960s led the Conservative Party to lose power. Died Dec. 4 at a hospital near Farnborough, England.

E. Hunter Harrison, 73. Turned around three railroad carriers during a five-decade career before being tapped by CSX to improve the company’s lackluster performance. Died Dec. 16 in Wellington, Florida, days after taking medical leave from his role as CEO.

Robert Wilmers, 83. Expanded M&T Bank Corp. from its upstate New York roots into the 13th-largest U.S. lender and counted Warren Buffett among his biggest fans. Died Dec. 16 at his home in New York City.

William Agee, 79. One-time corporate star whose career foundered with an ill-fated acquisition attempt while CEO at Bendix Corp. in the 1980s and the collapse of construction company Morrison Knudsen Corp. in the 1990s. Died Dec. 20 at Swedish Hospital in Seattle of complications from respiratory failure and scleroderma, a connective tissue disease.