2018年《财富》全球最伟大领袖榜中的商界领导者
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通过驾驭分拆的力量，使组织的效率成倍提高，已成为对优秀领导者的最新要求。 分拆意味着将各种类型的企业分解开来，小到一家初创公司，大到一个国家。在商界，分拆意味着公司通过拆分变得更有价值，这也是惠普（Hewlett-Packard）曾经做过的和其他公司（霍尼韦尔、滨特尔、陶氏杜邦等）正在做的事情。或者这也意味着将曾经被视为对整个公司必不可少的职能委托给其他方，提高公司的价值；一个典型的例子就是苹果将复杂的高科技生产外包，从而避免了这项业务的高资本要求。 技术进步使得分拆变成可能，甚至是不可避免的。数个世纪以来，更大的规模让公司、国家和其他企业变得效率更高，更有成效。但这种情况正在慢慢发生变化。数字时代的到来，使业务外包以及生产、配给、研究和非受雇员工的协调变得容易实现，而且成本更低。最极端的例子是中国家电厂商海尔。现在的海尔不像是一家公司，更像是一个创业平台，创业者在其生态系统内创建了数千家小微企业。有些疯狂是吗？当然不是。利用这种激进的分拆模式，海尔成为全球最大的家电品牌。 我曾问过海尔董事长张瑞敏，为什么其他商业领袖没有效仿他的做法。作为这种模式的缔造者，他回答说：“因为他们害怕放弃权力。”几乎所有激励因素都在鼓励他们打造帝国。康奈尔大学薪酬研究所所长凯文·哈洛克表示：“公司规模越大，薪酬就越高。”所以，领导者怎么会想要拆分公司呢？ 今年的榜单中着重突出了巧妙解决了这一挑战的领袖人物。针对公司领导人的评判标准之一是，评估他们为公司创造的财富，而不是传统的规模标准。
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Though it seems unlikely, Tim Cook and Indira Jaising have something in common besides membership in Fortune’s 2018 ranking of the World’s Greatest Leaders. Cook (No. 14) is the wealthy CEO of Apple, the most valuable publicly traded company on earth; Jaising (No. 20) is an Indian lawyer who cofounded an NGO called Lawyers Collective, which promotes human rights issues. Yet they share this trait: Both have multiplied their organizations’ effectiveness by harnessing the power of unbundling. Following their example is a new imperative for the best leaders. Unbundling means disaggregating enterprises of all kinds, from the smallest startups to entire nations. In business it can mean making a company more valuable by splitting it up, as Hewlett-Packard did and other companies (Honeywell, Pentair, DowDuPont) are doing. Or it can mean increasing value by delegating functions once regarded as necessary parts of the whole; Apple’s outsourcing of complex, high-tech manufacturing, and the staggering capital requirements that go with it, is a dramatic example. Technology makes unbundling possible and often inevitable. For centuries, greater size made companies, nations, and other enterprises more efficient and effective. Increasingly, it doesn’t. Outsourcing and coordinating manufacturing, distribution, research, and nonemployee workers becomes easy and cheap in the digital era. The most extreme example is the Chinese appliance maker Haier, which is not so much a company as a platform that invites entrepreneurs to become one of thousands of microenterprises within its ecosystem. Crazy? Definitely not. Using this radically unbundled model, Haier has become the world’s largest appliance brand. I asked the architect of Haier’s model, chairman Zhang Ruimin (on our WGL list in 2014 and 2017), why more business leaders don’t follow his example. “They’re afraid of giving up power,” he replied. Nearly all their incentives encourage empire building. “Bigger firms pay more, way more,” says Kevin Hallock, director of Cornell University’s Institute for Compensation Studies. The same is true among nonprofits and labor unions, he finds. Why would any leader want to unbundle? This year’s list puts an emphasis on leaders who are navigating this challenge deftly. (That has meant sidelining some perennially worthy figures, from Pope Francis to Jeff Bezos; to see past years’ lists, visit Fortune.com.) At companies, one solution is to evaluate leaders on wealth creation rather than size as conventionally measured. Leaders of mission-driven nonprofits may face fewer disincentives. Indira Jaising’s little NGO punches far above its weight because it can outsource staff and infrastructure; the Internet lets it communicate widely at low cost and enables volunteers to pitch in from around the world. |
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比尔及梅琳达·盖茨 盖茨基金会联合创始人 当科学研究似乎已经将疟疾消灭的时候，这种疾病却又有了死灰复燃的迹象。幸亏比尔及梅琳达·盖茨基金会（Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation）是这种疾病顽固的死对头。近几年，全球疟疾感染率再次攀升，因此盖茨夫妇在创新性病媒控制协会（Innovative Vector Control Consortium，IVCC）投入了大量资源，该公司合伙机构旨在开发更有效的杀虫剂。另外，盖茨夫妇开始更加积极地倡导男女平等；他们的基金会目前是投资基金Aspect Ventures的主要融资合伙人。该基金致力于消除科技行业的性别歧视。 |
Bill and Melinda Gates Cofounders, Gates Foundation The scourge of malaria has a way of rising from the mat just when science seems to have knocked it out. Fortunately, the disease has a tenacious foe in the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. As the global rate of infection has crept upward again in recent years, the Gateses have committed resources to the Innovative Vector Control Consortium (IVCC), a public-private partnership devoted to developing better insecticides. The couple have also taken an increasingly impassioned stand for gender equity; their foundation is now a key financial partner in Aspect Ventures, an investment fund focused on combating sexual discrimination in tech. |
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肯尼斯·福维泽 默沙东制药CEO 我们可能早已忘记，去年5月份，白人民族主义者集会演变成暴力事件时，美国总统特朗普反应平淡，当时商界并没有立刻表示抗议。而弗雷泽不惧风险，率先表达不满并宣布辞去特朗普顾问的职务，之后其他商界人物才纷纷效仿。他在默沙东制药（Merck）取得的成功，提高了他的可信度：自2011年上台以来，该制药业巨头在治疗多种癌症方面接连取得进展，公司股票跑赢了标准普尔500指数。 拉里·芬克 贝莱德CEO 贝莱德（BlackRock）作为全球最大的资产管理公司，管理的资产规模达到6.28万亿美元。作为该公司的领导人，芬克很清楚如何付诸行动。今年1月份，贝莱德联合创始人在一年一度的致CEO的信中，呼吁各家公司不止要关注财务业绩，“还要展示如何为社会做出积极贡献”。芬克提出的要求代表了贝莱德经营策略背后的理念 — 即如果公司今天忽视更广泛的社会问题，从长远来看，股东必将蒙受损失。作为税收改革的长期支持者，芬克还警告各公司在被激进投资者“逼宫”之前，明确如何利用税收改革带来的“意外之财”，“创造长期价值”。贝莱德如何践行这一理念？最令人信服的例子是二月份佛罗里达州帕克兰发生校园枪击案之后贝莱德所采取的措施。贝莱德不仅要求旗下的枪械零售商和制造商（部分公司后来修改了政策）回答有关暴力预防措施的问题，并在4月份推出了一个新基金，允许投资者彻底摆脱这些公司的股票。正如芬克对CEO们所说的那样：“社会要求上市公司和私人公司，承担起社会责任。” |
Kenneth Frazier CEO, Merck It’s easy to forget that last May, after President Trump’s tepid response to a white nationalist rally that turned violent, outcry from the business community was not immediate. Frazier took a risk by becoming the first of Trump’s advisers to speak out and step down, enabling others to follow suit. His success at Merck only bolsters his credibility: Since he took over in 2011, the pharma giant has made strides in treating several cancers, while its stock beat the S&P 500. Larry Fink CEO, BlackRock As leader of the world’s biggest asset manager, overseeing $6.28 trillion, Fink knows how to put his money where his mouth is. In his annual missive to CEOs in January, the BlackRock cofounder called for each company to not just perform financially “but also show how it makes a positive contribution to society.” Fink’s mandate mirrors the philosophy that has lately driven BlackRock’s strategy—which is that shareholders will lose in the long run if companies ignore broader social concerns today. A longtime advocate for tax reform, Fink also warned companies to figure out what they’re going to do with their tax windfalls “to create long-term value”—before activist investors force their hand. But the most potent example of how BlackRock is practicing its principles came after February’s school shooting in Parkland, Fla. Not only did BlackRock seek answers on violence prevention measures by gun retailers and manufacturers it owns—several of which subsequently changed their policies—but in April it unveiled new funds that allow investors to divest from those stocks entirely. As Fink told CEOs, “Society is demanding that companies, both public and private, serve a social purpose.” |
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玛丽·巴拉 通用汽车CEO 任何一位女性经营的公司，在收入规模方面，都无法与玛丽·巴拉经营的公司相提并论。如今，汽车初创公司占据了媒体头条，但有着109年历史的通用汽车（GM）却在以可靠的方式低调地生产深受用户喜爱的量产型全电动汽车。通用汽车的雪佛兰（Chevrolet）Bolt EV汽车在特斯拉（Tesla）的Modle 3之前上市，之后一直销售稳定。在致命的点火装置缺陷丑闻之后，巴拉全面改造了通用汽车的公司文化，并通过大规模收购，加快步入自动驾驶的未来。明年的新产品？没有方向盘的Chevy Bolt。 蒂姆·库克 苹果公司CEO 库克的工作可以看作是在一家9,000亿美元的公司内维持平衡之道。担任CEO近七年来，库克证明了他并不是史蒂夫·乔布斯离开之后的过渡时期的傀儡。在库克的领导下，苹果依旧是一部赚钱机器，并且没有牺牲创新。一方面他小心翼翼地与中国政府打交道，另一方面，他又发起了苹果的隐私保护改革。如果苹果的市值达到1万亿美元，他在领导者名人堂当中的地位将不可动摇。 |
Mary Barra CEO, General Motors No woman on earth runs a bigger company, in revenue terms, than Barra. And in an era in which automotive startups capture all the headlines, 109-year-old GM has quietly, reliably been producing crowd-pleasing, mass-market, all-electric cars. GM beat Tesla’s Model 3 to market with the Chevrolet Bolt EV—and has been selling it steadily since then. Barra has revamped GM’s corporate culture following a scandal involving fatal ignition defects, and is racing into the future with major acquisitions in autonomous driving. Coming up next year? A Chevy Bolt without a steering wheel. Tim Cook CEO, Apple Think of Cook’s job as a $900 billion balancing act. After nearly seven years as CEO, he has proved to be far more than a transitional figurehead after Steve Jobs. Cook has maintained Apple as a cash-generating machine without sacrificing innovation. He engages -gingerly with China, even as he leads -Apple’s pro-privacy -crusade. Should Apple ever be worth $1 trillion, his place in the leadership pantheon will be forever secure. |
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伊莎贝拉·高珊 恩基公司CEO 在短短两年内，高珊就带领恩基（Engie，原名GDF Suez）进入了未来发展的轨道。该传统石油天然气公司现在将重点放在了可再生能源与脱碳领域；出售了价值150亿美元的“污染性”资产，并投资清洁资产。高珊是法国CAC 40指数公司当中唯一的女性CEO。她最近提高了恩基的股息，并宣布公司在两年之后终于恢复盈利。 |
Isabelle Kocher CEO, Engie In just two years, Kocher has pulled Engie, the energy giant formerly known as GDF Suez, into the future. The legacy oil and gas ¬company now focuses on renewables and decarbonization; it has sold $15 billion worth of “dirty” assets and reinvested in cleaner ones. Kocher, the only woman CEO among France’s CAC 40 companies, recently boosted Engie’s dividend and reported its return to profitability after a two-year absence. |
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马化腾 腾讯CEO 46岁的企业家马化腾和由他参与创立并担任CEO的中国科技业巨头腾讯（Tencent），总是会得到许多最高的赞誉。马化腾是中国首富，净身价400亿美元。腾讯的市值接近五千万美元。腾讯微信的用户数量最近突破了10亿，就像是一条条的丝线，编织出数字化中国的蓝图。微信对今天中国人的交流至关重要，因此许多人认为它对智能手机的重要性将会超过操作系统，使腾讯可以占据强大的商业和技术优势，尽管腾讯本身并不生产手机。 工程师出身的马化腾性格温和，在西方，他并不像曾经做过英语老师、能言善辩的阿里巴巴（Alibaba）领导人马云那样知名。马云与马化腾之间并没有关系。但马化腾的影响力已经开始从中国逐渐延伸到全世界。腾讯一直在加大对外投资，在Snapchat的所有者Snap、特斯拉和多家初创公司投资了数十亿美元。而在痴迷智能手机的国内市场，微信支付正在与阿里巴巴争夺支付领域的支配地位。 马克·贝尼奥夫 赛富时CEO 有些领导人特立独行。古怪固执、爱幻想、苛刻的赛富时（Salesforce）创始人兼CEO贝尼奥夫就是其中之一。企业界很少出现像他这样的领导者。他用滑稽热情的手段来推广产品，例如派对、摇滚乐队、电子卡通吉祥物和用糖果装饰公司标识等等。他的事业同样多姿多彩：倡议男女同工同酬，进步政治，注重心灵的工作环境，企业慈善活动，以及全公司一家人或“Ohana”的文化。但如果贝尼奥夫没有带领公司稳步前进的能力，这一切都没有意义。他很早就认识到，企业软件的购买者将使用在线程序，而不是将它们存放在自己的数据中心当中。他通过社交工具对消费者进行了试验，并很快意识到公司也会愿意使用在线程序。最近，贝尼奥夫意识到人工智能将是下一个关键的商业工具，并积极在该领域进行投资。 |
Huateng “Pony” Ma CEO, Tencent Superlatives attach themselves to Pony Ma and Tencent, the Chinese technology juggernaut the 46-year-old entrepreneur cofounded and leads as CEO. Ma is China’s richest man, with a net worth north of $40 billion. His company’s valuation hovers near the half-a-¬trillion-dollar mark. And Tencent’s WeChat messaging service recently crossed the 1-billion-account threshold, cementing its role as the electronic thread that stitches together the fabric of digital China. So central is WeChat to how Chinese people communicate that many believe it has become a more important ingredient to a smartphone than its operating system—enabling Tencent to occupy a powerful commercial and technological position without having to physically make phones. A soft-spoken engineer, Ma is less well known in the West than the outspoken former-English-teacher leader of Alibaba, Jack Ma, who is no relation. Yet Pony Ma’s influence has begun to be felt as much globally as it already is in China. Tencent has been on an investment tear, pumping billions of dollars into the likes of Snapchat owner Snap, Tesla, and countless startups. Closer to home, WeChat Pay—money zapped via WeChat—vies with Alibaba for payment dominance in a smartphone-crazed country. Marc Benioff CEO, Salesforce Some leaders are sui generis. Benioff, the quirky, opinionated, visionary, and demanding founder and CEO of Salesforce, is one of them. The corporate world hasn’t quite seen the likes of him before. He pushes product with zany zeal: Parties, rock bands, animatronic mascots, and candy emblazoned with his company’s logo all are part of his repertoire. So are his causes: gender parity in compensation, progressive politics, mindful work environments, corporate philanthropy, and a sense of companywide family, or “Ohana.” None of this would matter if Benioff didn’t also have a knack for repeatedly leading his company to its next act. He saw early on that business software buyers would use online programs rather than storing them in their own data centers. He experimented with social tools aimed at consumers and quickly realized businesses would use them too. And most recently Benioff recognized—and has invested aggressively in—artificial intelligence as the next critical business tool. |
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凯瑟琳·麦克劳夫林 沃尔玛首席可持续发展官 麦克劳夫林负责确保全球最大的公司沃尔玛（Walmart），能够实现其雄心勃勃的环境目标，包括到2025年，由可再生能源满足一半能源需求；减少家庭清洁用品等产品的化学品足迹；要求供应商减少温室气体排放等。这些目标不止会令沃尔玛受益：该零售业巨头的创举已经鼓励许多竞争对手纷纷效仿。 穆克什·安巴尼 信实工业公司董事长兼总经理 在不到两年时间内，这位印度首富便给大众带来了移动数据 — 并彻底颠覆了印度的电信市场。安巴尼是信实工业公司（Reliance Industries）的领导人，该公司的市值达到470亿美元。自2016年9月安巴尼创立Jio以来，公司的用户数量达到了令人震惊的1.68亿。Jio是全世界第一家完全基于IP的移动网络。Jio吸引用户的秘诀是什么？提供价格极低的数据和免费通话（并投入数十亿美元建设数据传输基础设施）。这样做迫使印度价格更高的运营商纷纷降价（以避免破产），并使印度每月的数据消费增长了1,100%，这种效应又被称作“Jio的生态闭环”。 奥普拉·温弗里 OWN公司CEO 媒体大亨。慈善家。女演员。还有什么是温弗里做不到的呢？事实上，在1月份金球奖颁奖典礼上，温弗里受到#MeToo运动的鼓舞，发表了一则强有力的演讲，之后许多粉丝希望这位前脱口秀主持人在她的个人履历中加上一条“美国总统”。之后，64岁的温弗里一直否认有意参选，但她继续在CBS《60分钟》节目中，宣传她作为一名记者所从事的社会事业。另外，她还大力宣传健康生活方式，是Weight Watchers公司的股东兼董事会成员；虽然她在三月份卖掉了25%的股份（据媒体报道，售价是其认购价格的八到九倍），但她表示会继续在该公司任职。 杰米·戴蒙 摩根大通CEO 戴蒙多年来一直在呼吁税收改革，最终的新税收法案中采纳了他的部分提议，因此戴蒙决定花掉节约的税费，以示庆祝。特朗普总统将税改提案签署为法律后不到一个月，摩根大通（JPMorgan Chase）便宣布将在五年内投入200亿美元，提高员工工资，减少员工医疗保险自费部分，并将为400家新分支机构增加招聘4,000人。 |
Kathleen McLaughlin Chief sustainability officer, Walmart McLaughlin is responsible for ensuring that Walmart, the world’s largest company, meets its ambitious environmental goals. Those include deriving half its energy needs from renewable sources by 2025; reducing the chemical footprint of products like household cleaners; and getting suppliers to cut their greenhouse-gas emissions. The benefits extend beyond Walmart’s walls: The retail giant’s clout has prompted many rivals to follow suit. Mukesh Ambani Chairman and managing director, Reliance Industries In less than two years, India’s richest man has brought mobile data to the masses—and completely upended the country’s telecom market. Since Ambani, chief of the $47 billion conglomerate Reliance Industries, launched Jio—the first mobile network in the world to be entirely IP-based—in September 2016, the company has signed up a staggering 168 million subscribers. The secret? Offering dirt-cheap data and free calls (and plowing billions of dollars into the infrastructure that transmits them). The effect, dubbed “Jio-fication,” has driven India’s higher-price carriers to drop costs (if not run them out of business), and it fueled a 1,100% rise in India’s monthly data consumption. Oprah Winfrey CEO, OWN Media mogul. Philanthropist. Actress. Is there anything Oprah can’t do? It turns out many fans hope to see the former talk show host add “U.S. President” to her résumé, after her powerful speech—heavily inspired by the #MeToo movement—at the Golden Globes in January. Winfrey, 64, has since denied interest in running, but she continues to spotlight social causes as a frequent correspondent on CBS’s 60 Minutes. She has also doubled down on healthy-living advocacy as a shareholder and board member at Weight Watchers; though she sold 25% of her shares in March—reportedly at eight to nine times what she paid for them—she has said she plans to stick around. Jamie Dimon CEO, JPMorgan Chase After years of beating the tax-reform drum, Dimon celebrated the inclusion of several of his proposals in the new tax bill by passing along some of the savings. Less than a month after President Trump signed the overhaul into law, JPMorgan Chaseannounced it would spend $20 billion over five years to increase wages and lower health insurance deductibles for employees, while also hiring as many as 4,000 more to staff 400 new Chase branches. |
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丹尼尔·赛尔维特耶·蒙图尔 宾堡集团CEO 全球最大面包生产商宾堡集团（Grupo Bimbo）生产Sara Lee蛋糕、Thomas’s英式松饼和多款麦当劳（McDonald’s）小圆面包。该公司是墨西哥和其他多个新兴市场最大的雇主之一。拥有斯坦福大学MBA学位的赛尔维特耶，首要任务是保证宾堡产品不能超出低收入家庭的预算。同时，他也在使公司变得更加环保；4月份，宾堡达成了一份协议，通过购买风电信用额度，抵消其美国业务使用的所有能源。 巴沙尔·马斯里 拉瓦比的创建者 巴勒斯坦建国前景并不明朗，但在约旦河西岸出生的创业者马斯里，却在拉瓦比打造了一个巴勒斯坦国的未来愿景。拉瓦比是该区域第一座由巴勒斯坦人规划建造供巴勒斯坦人居住的城市。这座新建成的山地城市现有4,000居民，一个科技中心，以及高档购物中心和可容纳15,000人的圆形剧场等便利设施。当地私人部门投资有限，因此拉瓦比便成为约旦河西岸最大的私人就业创造者，也成为一种可能性的象征。 |
Daniel Servitje Montull CEO, Grupo Bimbo Grupo Bimbo, the world’s biggest baker, makes Sara Lee cakes, Thomas’s English muffins, and many McDonald’s buns. It’s one of the biggest employers in Mexico and several other emerging markets. Servitje, a Stanford MBA grad, has prioritized keeping Bimbo’s products within a low-income family’s budget. He has also made it greener; in April, Bimbo struck a deal to buy wind-power credits to offset all the energy used in its U.S. operations. Bashar Masri Founder, Rawabi Little is clear about the future of a Palestinian state, but Masri, a West Bank–born entrepreneur, built a vision for it in Rawabi—the territories’ first-ever planned city, built for and by Palestinians. The newly completed hillside city now has 4,000 residents, a tech hub, and amenities like a luxury mall and a 15,000-person amphitheater. And in a place where private sector investment is limited, it has become the West Bank’s largest private job creator—and a symbol of possibility. |
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格温·肖特韦尔 SpaceX总裁兼首席运营官 2002年，肖特韦尔加入SpaceX公司，是该公司的第11名员工。SpaceX旨在降低太空旅行的成本，实现向其他星球移民。今天，SpaceX的员工超过6,000人，合同价值120亿美元。肖特韦尔负责公司的日常运营和客户关系，但她的官方头衔或许应该叫“造雨人”。她将公司CEO埃隆·穆斯克那些似乎异想天开的想法（和理想主义的时间线）变成了现实：她所取得的成就包括在2月份成功发射SpaceX功能强大、可回收使用的猎鹰重型火箭。接下来的任务：通过卫星提供高带宽互联网；开发下一代火箭BFR，这款火箭可向火星运送宇航员和货物，并可在一个小时内抵达地球上任何一个城市。 |
Gwynne Shotwell President and chief operating officer, SpaceX Shotwell was employee No. 11 in 2002 when she joined SpaceX, a company founded to lower the cost of space travel and enable the colonization of other planets. Today, SpaceX has grown to more than 6,000 employees and contracts valued at $12 billion. Shotwell runs day-to-day operations and customer relationships, but her official title might as well be rainmaker. She takes CEO Elon Musk’s seemingly outlandish ideas (and idealistic timelines) and makes them happen: Achievements include the successful launch in February of SpaceX’s powerful, reusable Falcon Heavy rocket. Next up: a project to deliver high-bandwidth Internet via satellites; and the BFR, a next-generation rocket designed to whisk crew and cargo to Mars and reach any city on Earth in under an hour. |
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谢白曼 皇家帝斯曼集团CEO 皇家帝斯曼集团（DSM）成立于1902年，当时名为荷兰国家矿业公司（Dutch State Mines），其现在的名称代表的含义是“做有意义的事”。过去十年，谢白曼对皇家帝斯曼进行了改革，将重心转移到可以改善人类生活或地球环境的业务，包括生产微量元素，帮助世界粮食计划（World Food Programme）每年为8,000万人提供食物。作为碳定价领导联盟（Carbon Pricing Leadership Coalition）等组织的联合领导人，谢白曼证明了他尤其擅长鼓舞下属士气。 |
Feike Sijbesma CEO,DSM It was founded in 1902 as Dutch State Mines, but Sijbesma says DSM now stands for “Do Something Meaningful.” Over the past decade, he has overhauled DSM to focus on businesses that better the lives of people or the planet. That includes producing micronutrients that help the World Food Programme feed 80 million people a year. As cochair of groups such as the Carbon Pricing Leadership Coalition, Sijbesma has proved particularly effective at rallying fellow executives. |
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安娜·博廷 西班牙国际银行集团执行董事长 2014年，博廷的父亲突然去世，博廷接手了欧元区第二大银行西班牙国际银行集团（Banco Santander），当时她的任务异常艰巨，而且还要面对任人唯亲的流言蜚语。但事实证明她的表现非常出色：自上任以来，她提高了该银行的利润和资本比率。另外，她去年以象征性的1欧元的价格，收购了另一家西班牙银行宝培拉银行（Popular），这或许是西班牙国际银行集团最划算的一笔交易。破产的宝培拉银行所带来的资产，使西班牙国际银行在国内占据优势。 |
Ana Botìn Group executive chairman, Banco Santander Botín had big shoes to fill, not to mention whisperings of nepotism to dispel, when she took over Banco Santander, the eurozone’s second-largest bank, after the sudden death of her father in 2014. The shoes fit fine: Since then, she has steered the bank to higher profits and capital ratios. And her takeover last year of Popular—a failing Spanish bank whose assets gave Santander a home-¬market edge—for a price of just one euro may be her company’s best deal ever. |
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爱德华·巴斯蒂安 达美航空CEO 2月份佛罗里达州帕克兰市一所高中发生枪击案之后，虽然有许多公司都修改了政策，但只有达美航空（Delta Air Lines）几乎立即采取了经济报复。达美航空先是取消了为美国全国步枪协会（National Rifle Associatio）提供的折扣，几天之后，乔治亚州议员取消了达美航空的燃油税减免。达美航空总部位于亚特兰大，每年可获得4,000万美元税收减免。该州议员指责达美航空攻击保守主义者甚至第二修正案。 达美航空CEO爱德华·巴斯蒂安在写给员工的信中解释了当时的决定，称公司在控枪辩论中不会站队。他澄清道，公司取消折扣是为了消除对全国步枪协会的任何隐含的支持，因为该组织在枪击案之后发表的公共声明已经超出了民众辩论的范围。巴斯蒂安写道：“我们做出决定并非出于经济利益考虑，而且我们的价值观是无价的。我们正在评估取消对所有政治分裂性组织的集体折扣。”这并不是一份号召一代积极分子行动起来的强有力的声明，但却为公司领导者在分裂的世界里如何保持有理有据，提供了一个模板。（财富中文网） 译者：刘进龙/汪皓 |
Ed Bastian CEO, Delta Air Lines Several companies changed their policies in reaction to the shootings at a high school in Parkland, Fla., in February; only Delta Air Lines saw almost immediate economic retaliation. Days after Delta rescinded a discount it had offered to National Rifle Association members, Georgia legislators scrapped a jet-fuel tax exemption that could have provided Delta, which is headquartered in Atlanta, with a $40 million annual tax break. Lawmakers accused the airline of attacking conservatives and even the Second Amendment itself. In a letter to employees explaining the decision, CEO Ed Bastian argued that the airline wasn’t taking sides in the gun-control debate. It ended the discount, he made clear, to eliminate any implied endorsement of the NRA, a group whose public statements in the wake of the shootings had gone far outside the bounds of civil debate. “Our decision was not made for economic gain, and our values are not for sale,” Bastian wrote. “We are in the process of a review to end group discounts for any group of a politically divisive nature.” It wasn’t the kind of ringing statement that rallies a generation of activists—but it was a template for well-¬reasoned business leadership in a fragmented world. |
