二马香港房产大起底

对于中国大陆每一位有头有脸的亿万富翁来说，在香港找到一栋合适的别墅是一件令人苦恼的事情。这块曾经的英属殖民地小的可怜，而与亿万富翁身份相匹配的豪宅库存并未能跟上中国大陆超级富有买家的增长步伐。中国的二马——阿里巴巴董事局主席马云和腾讯首席执行官马化腾——则通过不同的方式来应对这一挑战。

在购置房产方面，马云的做法一向都是直截了当。2007年，在阿里巴巴250亿美元美国首次公开募股三周之后，马云斥资3800万美元在香港半山区购置了一间7000平方英尺的5卧豪华公寓，每平方英尺价格约为5400美元，创下了当时的亚洲记录。

但这似乎只是马云在香港的过渡房。2015年，香港《南华早报》披露马云购买了白加道22号别墅，后者是太平山山顶顶级房产之一，而这一标志性的地段自香港殖民时期以来便一直是香港精英的居住地。早报称，马云以惊人的1.93亿美元购买了这座占地9900平方英尺的4层大宅，每平方英尺价格约合1.95万美元，也让这栋别墅成为了香港每平方英尺单价最高的住宅。

尽管香港民众普遍认为白加道22号别墅的买家是马云，但马云本人对《南华早报》有关他是买家的报道拒绝置评。（数个月后，阿里巴巴以2.66亿美元收购了《南华早报》。）。这栋钢筋混凝土结构的别墅有着70年的历史，曾是比利时总领事的住所。马云的买入价几乎是前任房主、前港交所首席执行官袁天凡在2000年买入时的9倍。

这栋别墅拥有2万平方英尺的私人花园，可饱览绝佳的维多利亚港美景。但这栋别墅到6月中旬便画上了句号：施工人员拆掉了地基以上的建筑，想必是要进行重建吧。

马化腾在2014年豪掷5700万美元在位于港岛南侧的浅水湾购买了一栋别墅。但他最中意的莫过于石澳的住宅，位于香港山峦叠嶂的东南半岛，其独特的环境比太平山顶有过之而无不及。尽管离中环的摩天大厦仅有40分钟的车程，但石澳给人一种不食人间烟火的感觉。半岛的大部分地区都是受保护的国家公园，覆盖着茂密的丛林。这一地区因其沙滩、陡峭的石壁悬崖以及起伏的“龙背”徒步旅行路线上壮丽的海景而闻名。

IT’S A TASK that vexes every self-respecting billionaire from China’s mainland: finding a suitable mansion in Hong Kong. The former British colony is a small place, and the stock of billionaire-worthy residences hasn’t kept pace with the exploding ranks of mega-rich mainland buyers. The two Mas, Alibaba executive chairman Jack Ma and Tencent CEO Pony Ma, have risen to the challenge in different ways.

Jack’s approach to the problem has been straightforward. In 2007, three weeks after Alibaba’s $25 billion IPO, he shelled out $38 million for the five-bedroom, 7,000-square foot penthouse of a luxury development in Hong Kong’s Mid-Levels district. The purchase worked out about $5,400 per square foot, a record for Asia at the time.

But that appears to have been Jack’s Hong Kong starter home. In 2015 Hong Kong’s South China Morning Post identified Jack as the buyer of 22 Barker Road, a prime property atop Victoria Peak, the iconic neighborhood that has been home to Hong Kong’s elite since the colonial era. The Post said Jack had purchased a 9,900-square foot, four-story house for a jaw-dropping $193 million, or about $19,500 per square foot, which at the time made the structure Hong Kong’s most expensive residence per square foot.

Although 22 Barker Road is widely assumed in Hong Kong to the house that Jack bought, Jack himself has declined comment on the Post’s report that he was the buyer. (A few months later Alibaba Group bought the Post for $266 million.). The house was a 70-year-old concrete fortress that once served as residence of the Belgian consul general: It sold nearly nine times what the previous owner, former chief executive of the Hong Kong stock exchange Francis Yuen, paid for it in 2000.

The property comes with a 20,000-square foot private garden and killer view of Victoria Harbor. As of mid-June, that’s about all it came with: Workers had razed the house to the foundations, presumably as a prelude to a rebuilding project.

Pony paid $57 million in 2014 for a house in Repulse Bay on the island’s south side. But his trophy purchase is in Shek O, Hong Kong’s rugged southeastern peninsula, in a neighborhood that is even more exclusive than the Peak. Though only a 40-minute drive from the skyscrapers of Central, Shek O feels worlds away. Most of the peninsula is a protected country park covered in dense jungle. The district is famed for its beaches, craggy rock cliffs, and the spectacular ocean vistas from its undulating “Dragon’s Back” hiking trail.

观赏马化腾大浪湾道13号豪宅的最佳地点便位于这条徒步路线上。然而，这栋别墅只是分布于一座高尔夫球场周边的20套豪宅之一。这个高尔夫球场是石澳乡村俱乐部的一部分，后者由英国的大商行创立，仍被认为是香港最难进的私人俱乐部。这些豪宅的所有者均是香港商界最具权势的人物。

《南华早报》2004年的一篇文章称，要想拥有石澳别墅，“光有财富还不够”。新房东必须得到Shek O Development董事会的支持。这家神秘的私营公司是乡村俱乐部的所有者，而且自上个世纪30年代以来便一直租赁用于修建豪华别墅的地块。由Shek O Development控制的地块上的房屋必须是“欧式的”，而且在获得该机构允许之前不能出售、翻修，甚至是喷涂不同颜色的油漆。

马化腾于2009年从香港航运大亨手中买下了石澳地产，耗资6100万美元，并获得了重新开发的许可，改造后的面积是最初面积（8000平方英尺）的两倍多。分析人士估计，装修完成后，这座房产的价值将是原来的4倍。

这处豪宅唯一的缺点是，开发公司的规定可能会让它很难转售。亚太置业有限公司副董事布鲁斯·李指出，马化腾的豪宅在账面上可能比马云的更大、更值钱，但如果卖家得不到石澳股东的批准，一切都是空谈。不过，马化腾在石澳置业可能意味着他准备长期留在香港。（财富中文网）

本文的一个版本出现在《财富》2018年7月1日刊，标题为《二马香港之争：房产谁更豪》。

译者：Pessy

审校：夏林

That trail affords the best view of Pony’s property, 13 Big Wave Bay Road, one of about 20 grand mansions that surround a golf course at the peninsula’s southern tip. The golf course is part of the Shek O Country Club, founded by the great British trading houses and still considered Hong Kong’s most exclusive private club. The mansions belong to some of Hong Kong’s most powerful business leaders.

According to 2004 article in the South China Morning Post “wealth is not the sole requirement” for occupying a Shek O mansion. New residents must win the blessing of the board of Shek O Development, the secretive private company that owns the country club and, since the 1930s, has leased the land on which the luxury properties are built. Houses on land controlled by Shek O Development are required to be of “European type,” and cannot be sold, renovated or even painted a different color without the entity’s permission.

Pony purchased the Shek O property from a Hong Kong shipping tycoon in 2009. He paid $61 million, and won approval to redevelop and more than double the size of the 8,000–square foot house. Analysts estimate that when the renovation is complete, his property will have quadrupled in value.

The only drawback: The development company’s rules could make it hard to sell. Pony’s property may be bigger and worth more on paper than Jack’s, notes Bruce Li, associate director at real-estate and relocation company Asia Pacific Properties, but “if a seller can’t get approval from the Shek O shareholders, all that means nothing.” Indeed, Pony’s presence there may suggest he’s in Hong Kong for the long haul.

A version of this article appears in the July 1, 2018 issue of Fortune with the headline “Ma vs. Ma in Hong Kong: a Luxury Real Estate Rivalry.”