普利策奖得主：我们面临的气候变化不只一个

不同于时下盛行的观点，美国新闻界最高奖项普利策奖得主、《纽约时报》专栏作家托马斯·弗里德曼认为，人类面临的气候变化不只一个，而是三个。

在美国科罗拉多州阿斯彭市举办的2018年《财富》科技头脑风暴大会上发表演讲时，弗里德曼就全球重大变化阐述了观点。他说，各项影响深远的变化之中，只有一个是环境方面的，另两个是全球化和科技领域的气候变化。

“世界正在从相互联系变成彼此孤立，”弗里德曼在上周三和《财富》总裁穆瑞澜对话时说，“变得截然不同”。

弗里德曼还说，即便是希腊和意大利之类身为北大西洋公约组织和欧盟成员国，如果“昨晚银行集体倒闭，情况也还算可控。如果世界彼此孤立，可能就要出大乱子。”

他认为，这种思路也适用于美国的竞争对手。真正应该担心的不是对手崛起，而是对手衰落。

他表示：“如果昨晚中国增长下降了6%，世界就遭殃了。”

弗里德曼还指出，科技气候也在推动社会出现重大转变。

“今天，机器在学习人类所有特质：思考、推理、操作和学习的能力。”弗里德曼称，“以前人类从未生活在这样的世界里，没听说过机器可以思考、学习、分析和操作。”

弗里德曼认为，在气候变化期间，物种不仅要适应大风暴雨，也要提升能力克服。

“最终生存下来的并不是最强的，也不是最聪明的，而是适应能力最强的人。”他解释说，“我们面对着巨大的适应性挑战，无论是在个人层面、社会层面，还是企业层面。”

弗里德曼认为，大多数政府都因为政治派系争斗陷入瘫痪，无法适应变化的脚步，而单个家庭又太弱小，无力适应。那该怎么办？

“我认为，最适合21世纪的管理单位是健康的社会。”弗里德曼如是说。（财富中文网）

译者：Pessy

审稿：夏林

Contrary to popular belief, New York Times columnist and Pulitzer Prize-winning author Thomas Friedman believes we’re in the midst of not just one climate change, but three.

Speaking at Fortune‘s annual Brainstorm Tech conference, this year in Aspen, Colo., Friedman laid out his view on the profound changes the world is experiencing, and only one was environmental. The other two, he said, are the climate of globalization, and the climate of technology.

“We’re going from a world that was interconnected, to a world that was interdependent,” Friedman said last Wednesday in conversation with Fortune President Alan Murray. “That’s a very different world.”

He added that even though countries like Greece and Italy are allies in North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the European Union, if their “banks had gone under last night, this room would be half full. In an interdependent world, they can kill us.”

Friedman said this concept also applies to rivals of the United States. But rather than worrying about a rival’s rise, he said, the real concern is a rival’s fall.

“If China had lost six percent growth last night, this room would be empty.” he said.

The climate of technology is also causing a major change in our society, Friedman added.

“Machines today are acquiring all the attributes of human beings: the ability to think, reason, manipulate and learn,” Friedman said. “No member of our species, the human species, has ever lived in a world where machines could think, learn, analyze and manipulate the way they are today.”

Friedman said that in the midst of climate change, species need resilience to weather the storm, but also propulsion to power through it.

“It’s not the strongest that survive, it’s not the smartest that survive, it’s the most adaptive that survive,” he explained. “We are in the middle of a giant adaptation challenge… at the individual level, at the community level, and at the corporate level.”

Friedman said most national governments are “too paralyzed by political tribalism” to adapt to the pace of change. The single family, meanwhile, is “too weak” to adapt, he said. So what can?

“I believe the right governing unit for the 21st century,” Friedman said, “is the healthy community.”