中国科技巨头冲击硅谷

两周前，在科罗拉多州阿斯彭市举办的《财富》科技头脑风暴大会上，以中国和创新为主题的分论坛上已达成共识。阿里巴巴和腾讯等中国公司将成为海外市场上难缠的对手，因为在规模巨大又增长迅速的中国市场上竞争多年后，其产品已打磨得十分成熟。

启明创投创始合伙人盖里·瑞斯彻和中国打了20年交道，他说：“现在忽视中国只会自食其果。如果全球各地都有中国的创新会怎样？如果美国企业应对不力，会陷入困境。”

风投资本家、创投公司安德森·霍洛维茨普通合伙人陈梅陵指出，在快速增长的新兴市场，如果西方科技公司不了解中国企业的运营方式，很有可能落败。“研究中国很重要，这不光是因为中国公司可能会打入美国市场给你一棒。风险在于美国公司可能失去东南亚，还可能失去非洲市场。”

陈梅陵认为，对于京东、阿里巴巴和腾讯等中国科技巨头的成功，以及商业模式的不同之处，美国投资者和公司已经了解一些。

她说：“了解程度提升明显，但美国方面对中国巨头的理解谈不上深入。”

复星锐正资本董事总经理王颖指出，在腾讯微信之类超级app上，消费者几乎可以做任何事，比如买火车票、点餐和叫车，这就是中国科技创新者区别于美国同行的一个例子。美国创新者更注重产品和技术，希望把一两件事做到完美，中国公司则“更激进，以用户为中心”。他们总是想提供新服务，还在问用户“还能为您做些什么？”

正因中国科技公司追求更多服务，所以发展迅速。DCM创投联合创始人赵克仁说：“中国在移动支付方面至少领先3-4年。”举例来说，由于微信支付生态发达，其他创业者可以在其平台上开展业务，“催生了一种新型经济”。

陈梅陵认为，人工智能等领域顶尖人才的争夺已然开始，随着中国科技公司财力壮大，争夺战只会愈演愈烈。如果美国移民政策让一流的中国留学生难以留下，甚至难以去美国的大学深造，情况只会更糟。

她说：“中国的市场机会太大，科技巨头开出的薪酬跟谷歌都差不多了。”（财富中文网）

译者：Charlie

审校：夏林

That was the consensus during a session about China and innovation on two weeks ago at Fortune’s Brainstorm Tech conference in Aspen, Colo. With consumer products sharpened by years of competition in their massive, fast-growing home market, Chinese companies such as Alibaba and Tencent will make for tough rivals abroad.

“You only ignore China now at your peril,” said Gary Rieschel, founding managing partner of Qiming Venture Partners, and an investor with two decades of experience in China. “What’s going to happen when China innovation goes around the world? U.S. firms are going to struggle with that if they don’t have a good handle on it.”

Venture capitalist Connie Chan, a general partner at Andreessen Horowitz, said that Western tech companies risked losing out to Chinese companies in fast-growing emerging markets if they fail to understand how they operate. “The importance of studying China is not just that a Chinese company might come to the U.S. and beat you head-on,” says Chan. “The danger is that you might lose Southeast Asia, you might lose Africa.”

Chan said that there is still some knowledge among U.S. investors and companies about how successful Chinese web giants such as JD.com, Alibaba, and Tencent operate, as well as how their business models differ.

“Awareness has definitely improved,” said Chan. “But true understanding of what these companies do is still lacking.”

Ying Wang, a managing director at VC firm Fosun RZ Capital, pointed to a super app, like Tencent’s WeChat, on which consumers can do everything from buying train tickets to ordering food to hailing a ride, as an example of how Chinese tech innovators differ from their U.S. counterparts. Whereas U.S. entrepreneurs are more product and tech focused, and want to do one or two things perfectly, Chinese companies are “more aggressive and user-centric,” said Wang. They’re constantly looking to add new services and asking, “What else can I do for you?”

That drive to do more has driven big technological advances. “China is at least three or four years ahead on mobile payments,” said David Chao, co-founder of DCM Ventures. The payment ecosystem on WeChat, for instance, is allowing other entrepreneurs to build businesses on the platform, and “that’s igniting a whole new economy.”

There is already a war for the best talent in fields such as A.I, and it will only escalate with the growing financial heft of Chinese tech companies, said Chan. That will be especially true if U.S. immigration policy makes it hard for the best students from China to stay in America, or to come over to study at U.S. universities in the first place.

“The market opportunity in China is so large, these companies can go toe-to-toe on salary with Google,” said Chan.