汽车业如何驶向未来

伴随着共享汽车、打车预订和无人驾驶的浪潮，乘车出行的方式将在未来几年里发生巨大变化。

在本周二于芝加哥举办的《财富》商业创新（Brainstorm Reinvent）论坛上，汽车界的三大巨头探讨了汽车的未来。

话题的中心是无人驾驶汽车，以及传统汽车厂商如何应对车主的新需求。如果司机不用开车了，司机，或者更准确地说，乘客，将如何在汽车里打发时间？汽车又应当如何重新设计？

沃尔沃（Volvo）的首席数字官和全球首席信息官阿提夫·拉菲克表示，沃尔沃正在把无人驾驶汽车改造得更像一个家庭空间，而不是一辆交通工具。他表示：“问题在于你在车里做什么？我们想出的设计是让汽车更像客厅或卧室。你有床，可以睡觉，还可以配上冰箱，这是一个可以消遣或让你提高工作效率的地方。”

看看通勤路上会解放出多少乘客，就能感觉到自动驾驶技术有着几乎完美的前景，不过安全、保险和交通堵塞的问题同样值得考虑。

福特（Ford）的科技孵化公司Ford X的副总裁桑迪普·马德拉（昵称是“桑尼”）表示：“我们没法建更多的路了。我们要变得更有效率。”

在保险方面，三人指出，在共享司机数据以降低成本，确保自动驾驶汽车的性能等方面做出改变，是大众接受自动驾驶汽车和共享汽车的关键。

通用汽车公司（General Motors）的融资、战略举措和投资者关系主管雷切尔·巴塔查里亚表示：“在监管的环境下，我们合作得越多，安全上做得越有成效，就越能在安全监管方面进行合作。”

拉菲克指出，除了改变汽车驾驶的方式之外，汽车的所有权可以采用预订服务，这可能类似于消费者熟悉的模式。

拉菲克表示：“到2025年，我们希望我们推出和生产的汽车有50%都可以通过预定方式得到。预定就类似于把汽车看作手机。就像你说：‘嘿，我喜欢iPhone。我买了一部，每两年我都买一部新的。’”（财富中文网）

译者：严匡正

Between ride sharing, ride subscriptions, and autonomous vehicles, traveling by car is poised for a big change in the next few years.

Three titans of the auto industry discussed the future of cars on Tuesday at Brainstorm Reinvent, Fortune’s conference in Chicago about innovation in business.

Taking center stage were autonomous vehicles and how legacy carmakers will address the new needs of car owners. If drivers aren’t actually driving, how will drivers—or passengers, more accurately—spend their time in cars and how should cars be redesigned?

Atif Rafiq, Volvo chief digital officer and global chief information officer, said that Volvo is working to make autonomous vehicles into more of a family space than a mode of transportation. “The question was what do you do inside the car?” he said. “We came up with a design that makes the car more like a living room or a bedroom. You have a bed, you can sleep, you have a fridge, you have a place where you can be entertained or be productive, for example, with your work.”

The self-driving future can seem almost utopian when looking at how much free time passengers may gain during their commutes, but issues of safety, insurance, and increased traffic are just as much a consideration.

“We’re not going to really be able to build more roads,” Sundeep “Sunny” Madra, vice president of Ford’s tech incubator, Ford X, said about the potential for increased traffic. “We’re going to have to get more efficient.”

As for insurance, the trio noted that changes, including sharing data about drivers to lower costs and ensuring the performance of self-driving cars, will be critical in adapting to autonomous vehicles and ride-sharing.

“In a regulatory environment, the more we partner and demonstrate a very effective safety record, the better we can work in a collaborative way on regulations that support safety broadly,” Rachel Bhattacharya, director of corporate finance, strategic initiatives, and investor relations, for General Motors said.

In addition to changing how cars move, Rafiq noted that car ownership could move toward a subscription service-based model, similar to one many consumers are already familiar with.

“By 2025, we want 50% of the cars that we move, the cars that we make, to be available via subscription,” Rafiq said. “The subscription is basically trying to make a car work like a phone. So if you said, ‘Hey, I love the iPhone. I’m in, and every two years just give me a new one.'”