世界自然基金会报告：过去45年人类导致60%野生动物死亡

根据动物权利和保护组织世界自然基金会最新发布的《生命行星报告2018》，过去约45年里，人类导致全球60%的野生动物死亡。此外科学家表示，大量动物死亡对人类和地球形成巨大威胁。

就在世界自然基金会报告发布几周之前，联合国一份关于气候变化的报告警告称，全球气温迅速上升，上升幅度可能达到1.5度，一旦发生将摧毁地球上大部分珊瑚礁，还会导致严重的热浪。

“人类如梦游一般走向悬崖。”世界自然基金会科学与保护执行主任迈克·巴雷特告诉英国《卫报》。 “如果人口减少60%，相当于北美洲、南美洲、非洲、欧洲、中国和大洋洲所有人死亡。这就是当前讨论灾难的规模。”

该报告称，1970年至2014年间，超过4000种哺乳动物、鸟类、鱼类，爬行动物和两栖动物数量下降。报告补充说，目前地球上只有四分之一土地尚未受到人类活动的严重影响或破坏，但由于污染、疾病和气候变化等原因，预计到2050年未受人类影响的土地面积将减少到十分之一。

世界自然基金会总干事马克·兰伯蒂尼称，当前面临的危机“前所未有”，他接受CNN采访时表示，“非常令人震惊。 ……这还只是40年。与地球上生命的历史相比，连弹指一挥都比不上。”

“我们是第一代明确了解自然的价值以及形势多么严峻的人，”报告称，“我们也可能是最后一代有机会采取行动的人。” 世界自然基金会联合全球的保护人士和科学家共同呼吁达成全球协议，即类似巴黎气候协议的“全球自然保护协议”。

“时间已经不多了。”报告称。（财富中文网）

译者：Pessy

审校：夏林

In nearly 45 years, humanity has wiped out 60% of global wildlife populations, according to a newly released Living Planet Report from the World Wildlife Fund, the animal rights and conservation organization. What’s more, the huge loss of animal life is also a threat to humanity and the planet, scientists say.

The WWF’s report comes just weeks after a UN report on climate change warned that global temperatures are rising quickly, and risk rising to 1.5 degrees, which would wipe out most of the planet’s coral reefs and cause severe heatwaves.

“We are sleepwalking towards the edge of a cliff,” Mike Barrett, the executive director of science and conservation at WWF told the Guardian. “If there was a 60% decline in the human population, that would be equivalent to emptying North America, South America, Africa, Europe, China and Oceania. That is the scale of what we have done.”

According to the report, more than 4,000 mammal, bird, fish, reptile and amphibian species declined between 1970 and 2014. The report added that currently only a quarter of land on this planet has not been severely impacted or damaged by human activity, but is projected to decline to just one tenth of the land by 2050, due to pollution, disease, and climate change, among other factors.

Marco Lambertini, the WWF’s director general, called this current crisis “unprecedented,” telling CNN, “It’s mindblowing. … We’re talking about 40 years. It’s not even a blink of an eye compared to the history of life on Earth.”

“We are the first generation that has a clear picture of the value of nature and the grave situation we are facing,” the report says. “We may also be the last generation that can do something about it.” The organization, along with conservationists and scientists across the globe, is calling for a global agreement, a “global deal for nature” similar to the Paris Climate Agreement.

“Time is running out,” the report says.