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10款最快的美国车
作者:
Alex Taylor III
时间:
2011年06月16日
来源: 财富中文网
位置：
濒临灭绝的烧油机器
除了作为车主炫耀的资本之外，它们从来没有多少实际的用处。不过它们像麦当劳的“足三两”汉堡，是标准美国货的象征。如今，它们应该同濒临灭绝东部美洲狮和肯氏龟一起列入濒危物种的名录。
没错，我指的就是那些速度快、马力足的车型。它们速度惊人，时速往往能达到法定限速的三倍。它们就是电影《上天下地大追击》（Smokey and the Bandit）和《双车道柏油路》（Two-Lane Blacktop）里让你钟情的汽车——地道的底特律货。
这些V8引擎怪兽的末日已经不远了。现在油价高得令人心惊胆战，气候变暖也让人心惊肉跳，而美国这个保姆式国家又想彻底剥夺普通人飙车的乐趣。车主们已经开始改弦更张。现在福特F150皮卡的V6车型的销量已经超过了V8车型。
最近美国或将重拾55英里限速规定的传言比比皆是。这个所谓的“双五”规定于1974年生效，但受到了人们的广泛抨击和无视，最终在1993年被废止。美国动画片《辛普森一家》的男主角霍默•辛普森曾在剧中评价道：“的确它挽救了一些人的生命，但是数百万人会因此迟到。”受限速令的波及，上世纪70年代成了汽车业最灰暗的10年。还记那些写着大大的“55”两个字、设计限速为每小时85英里的车速表吗？
以下谨为大家列出几款美国最快的汽车以及几款替代车型。愿你们安息。 |
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A dying breed
They've never had much practical use for anything besides bragging rights, but they were as American as a quarter pounder with cheese. Now they ought to be listed with other endangered species like the Eastern cougar and Kemp's Ridley turtle.
I'm talking about fast high-horsepower cars. Really fast cars, like in three times the legal speed limit. The kind you loved in Smokey and the Bandit and Two-Lane Blacktop. Traditional Detroit iron.
The handwriting is on the wall for these V-8-powered monsters. Gas prices are getting scarily high, the climate is getting scarily warm, and the nanny state wants to take all our fun away. Truck owners are already making the switch. Ford is selling more F-150s with sixes than V-8s.
Any day now, you expect to hear rumblings about bringing back the 55 mile-per-hour speed limit. Signed into law in 1974, the so-called "Double Nickel" was widely reviled and widely ignored before it was finally repealed in 1993. As Homer Simpson observed about the 55 mph limit: "Sure, it'll save a few lives, but millions will be late." It helped make the 1970s perhaps the worst decade ever for cars. Remember those speedometers with the big "55" that maxed out at 85 mph?
Herewith, America's fastest cars and a few sensible alternatives. R.I.P. |
图片提供：通用汽车公司
考维特ZR1
从静止加速到60英里/时耗时：3.3秒
最高时速：205英里
ZR1是考维特系列的旗舰车型。它搭载了一款能泵出638马力的超强V8发动机。 2008年英国BBC电视台的Top Gear栏目曾对这款汽车进行评测，主持人杰里米•克拉克森说道：“它的制造工艺并不出色。我仅仅开了三天，行李箱就锁不上了。而且钥匙明明在车里，无钥匙启动系统却拒绝响应。不过我并不在乎，因为没有任何别的车看起来像它这么好，跑得像它这么快——无论是在直道还是弯道上。”2011款ZR1的价格为110，300美元。
如果你不喜欢过于富丽精致的汽车，那么你还可以选择考维特Z06（最高时速198英里，价格74，375美元）、考维特GS（最高时速190英里，价格55，045美元）或考维特Coupe（最高时速190英里，价格49，045英里）。通用汽车公司现在正在设计一款全新的考维特，不过该公司生产任何时速在200英里以上车型的可能性都很渺茫，近乎为零。 |
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Corvette ZR1
0 to 60: 3.3 seconds
Top speed: 205 mph
Flagship of the Corvette line, the ZR1 is powered by a supercharged V8 that puts out 638 horsepower. Reviewing it in 2008, Jeremy Clarkson of Britain's Top Gear said "Oh, it's not built very well. After just three days in my care, the boot lock disintegrated, and the keyless go system refused to acknowledge the keys were in the car, but I didn't mind because there is simply no other car that looks this good, goes this fast -- in a straight line and around corners." 2011 price: $110,300.
For those who like a less-rich confection, there are the Z06 Corvette (198 mph; $74,375); GS (190 mph; $55,045) and Coupe (190 mph; $49,045). GM is engineering an all-new Corvette, but the chances of it building any more 200-mph models are between slim and none. |
图片提供：福特汽车公司
2005福特GT
从静止加速到60英里/时耗时：3.3秒
最高时速：205英里
将这款轿车列上本榜，多少有些作弊的意味，因为福特GT已经停产五年了。我们之所以把它列在此处，是因为福特已经将旗下所有轿车的最高时速限制在155英里，淘汰了那些适合公路狂飙的车型。福特GT于2006年9月停产，共生产了4，038辆，单价为149，995美元。福特GT的外观看起来和原始的福特GT40差不多，在上世纪60年代，GT40曾连续4次夺得勒芒24小时耐力赛的冠军。因此福特GT只要一上路，就会成为警察“重点关照”的对象。 |
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2005 Ford GT
0 to 60: 3.3 seconds
Top speed: 205 mph
This is a bit of a cheat because the GT hasn't been in production for five years. It's included because Ford has opted out of the go-fast sweepstakes by limiting its cars to a maximum speed of 155 mph. The production run of 4,038 GTs ended in September, 2006 with buyers paying $149,995 each. The GT is similar in outward appearance to the original GT40, winner of the 24 hours of Le Mans four times in a row in the 1960s. That guarantees it will be cop bait. |
图片提供：克莱斯勒公司
2010道奇蝰蛇SRT10
从静止加速到60英里/时耗时：3.7秒
最高时速：202英里
道奇蝰蛇是另一只行将绝迹的史前巨兽。在2012款车型面世前，蝰蛇暂时处于断代状态。考虑到它原始的设计（原型车在1991年推出时就是一台复古车）和极低的舒适度，蝰蛇居然可以生存这么久，实在令人惊叹。它采用了标志性的510立方英寸的V10引擎，可产生600马力。这种发动机显然已经过时了。道奇表示，新蝰蛇的发动机罩将有所缩短，它将面向更大的人群，并且其公路表现也会更加温和。老蝰蛇的单价为92，885美元。 |
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2010 Dodge Viper SRT10
0 to 60: 3.7 seconds
Top speed: 202 mph
Another dinosaur, the Viper is on hiatus until the 2012 model year. Given its primitive engineering (the original was already a throwback when it was introduced back in 1991) and minimalist creature comforts, it is amazing the Viper has survived this long. Its iconic 510 cubic inch V-10 engine, which produced 600 horsepower, would clearly seem to be a thing of the past. Dodge says the new Viper will have a shorter hood, be accessible to more people, and be more forgiving on the road. Call it Viper Lite. Price of the old snake: $92,885. |
图片提供：通用汽车公司
凯迪拉克CTS-V
从静止加速到60英里/时耗时：3.9秒
最高时速：190英里
凯迪拉克CTS是超跑队伍中的精品，理由是：一、凯迪拉克总是在电视广告里吹捧自己的最高时速，让人真心想要拥有一辆。二、凯迪拉克的V系列高性能车型为顾客提供了三种不同风格——四门版、两门版和旅行版。每一款都适合居家旅行，你可以开着它去学校接孩子、去杂货店购物。这三种风格的底价都是63，600美元。不过从外观和实用性上看，我本人更喜欢旅行版。为了证明CTS有良好的弯道性能，通用特地去跑了赫赫有名的纽伯林赛道（Nurburgring），并且创下了使用原厂轮胎的四门版量产车型在该赛道的最高纪录。 |
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Cadillac CTS-V
0 to 60: 3.9 seconds
Top speed: 190 mph
The CTS-V is a rarity in the supercar ranks for two reasons: Cadillac brags about its top speed in TV commercials, and you might actually want to own one. Cadillac's line of V-series high-performance models come in three flavors -- sedan, coupe, and sportwagon -- any one of which you could use to pick the kids up at school or go to the grocery store. All three have the same base price -- $63,600 -- but my favorite for looks and utility is the sportwagon. Just to prove the CTS can go around corners, GM ran one at Germany's famed Nurburgring and set a record for a production sedan on factory tires. |
图片提供：克莱斯勒公司
2011道奇挑战者SRT8 392
从静止加速到60英里/时耗时：4.7秒
最高时速：182英里
这款肌肉车的第三代车型产于1970年。2011款道奇挑战者STR（STR为克莱斯勒的“街道与赛车技术部门”英文缩写）搭载的是大名鼎鼎的克莱斯勒半球发动机，是该系列中392立方英寸、470马力的一款。首批初始版本车型有两种外观颜色可以选择，分别是深水蓝以及明净白。这款汽车的单价为44，380美元，自重4，200磅（1,909公斤）。每磅的价格相当于一块上好的牛排，不过它比一头奔牛跑得还要快得多。其城市耗油量为每加仑14英里，高速公路耗油量为每加仑23英里。因此这款烧油车显然在燃油经济性上得不到什么褒奖。 |
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2011 Dodge Challenger SRT8 392
0 to 60: 4.7 seconds
Top speed: 182 mph
The third generation of the muscle car first built in 1970, the 2011 Challenger SRT (for Street and Racing Technology) arrives with a new 392 cubic inch, 470-horsepower version of Chrysler' famous Hemi engine. Look for the 1,492 Inaugural Edition models in one of two exterior color packages: Deep Water Blue or Bright White Clear Coat. At $44,380 and 4,200 pounds, the Challenger costs about the same per pound as a good steak and goes much faster. At 14 mpg city/23 mpg highway, though, it sure won't win any fuel economy prizes. |
图片提供：克莱斯勒公司
2010吉普大切诺基SRT8
从静止加速到60英里/时耗时：4.5秒
最高时速：155英里
这是一台高速的SUV——虽然这种说法听起来有点矛盾。吉普大切诺基现在仍处于断代状态，2012款大切诺基将于今年秋天搭载全新的半球发动机回归市场。它从静止加速到每小时60英里需要4.8秒，因此吉普称之为有史以来最快的大切诺基，不过我们的数据比吉普的官方数据慢了0.3秒。2012款大切诺基的燃油经济性的确有所提高，吉普称新SRT8的燃油经济性要比老款高出13%。不过吉普把标杆设得很低：在城市里，2010款大切每加仑汽油只能跑12英里，在高速公路上也只能跑16英里。由于耗油量高得令人咂舌，因此即便有菲亚特（Fiat）的帮忙，克莱斯勒也不可能在欧洲卖出太多新大切。去年大切诺基的厂商建议零售价为44，105美元。 |
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2010 Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT8
0 to 60: 4.5 seconds
Top speed: 155 mph
A speedy SUV, if that isn't an oxymoron, the Grand Cherokee is on hiatus until it returns this fall for the 2012 model year with the new Hemi. At 4.8 seconds to 60 miles per hour, Jeep calls it the fastest Grand Cherokee, although our data has it 0.3 seconds slower. The fuel economy improvement is incontestable: Jeep claims the new SRT8 gets 13% better fuel economy than its predecessor. That's setting a low bar: The 2010 model was rated at 12 mpg city/ 16 mpg. highway. With that kind of mileage, Chrysler won't be selling very many of the new ones in Europe, even with Fiat's help. Last year's MSRP was $44,105. |
图片提供：福特汽车公司
2012福特谢尔比GT500
从静止加速到60英里/时耗时：4.3秒
最高时速：限于155英里
时隔37年后，谢尔比（Shlby）的车标2007又重新出现在了某些特殊配置的福特野马车型上。今年，GT500进行了引擎升级，搭载了一台全新的5.4升全铝发动机，它比之前的铸铁发动机轻了102磅，可产生550马力。可以算是一款给环保主义者的肌肉车了吧。根据美国环保署（EPA）的测评，GT500的城市耗油量为每加仑15英里，高速公路耗油量为每加仑23英里，因此可以免于大排量税。GT500的单价为48，310美元，它比2012款的野马Boss 302贵了8，500美元，不过Boss 302从静止加速到60英里/时的耗时也比GT500长了0.3秒。 |
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2012 Shelby GT500
0 to 60: 4.3 seconds
Top speed: Limited to 155 mph
After an interval of 37 years, the Shelby nameplate returned to Ford on some specially-equipped Mustangs in 2007. This year, the GT500 gets an engine update with an all-new 5.4 liter aluminum motor that is 102 pounds lighter than the previous cast-iron engine and produces 550 horsepower. Is this a muscle car for environmentalists? With an EPA rating of 15 mpg city, 23 mph highway, the Shelby avoids the gas-guzzler tax. At $48,310, the Shelby is $8,500 more than the 2012 Boss 302 Mustang, which takes three-tenths of a second longer to get to 60 mph. |
图片提供：福特汽车公司
林肯MKS EcoBoost/福特金牛SHO
从静止加速到60英里/时耗时：5秒/5.2秒
最高时速：限于134英里/131英里
它们是家轿类中的两款构造相近的四门轿车。它们没有采用烧油的V8引擎，而是采用了双涡轮增压的V6发动机，这款发动机也是福特EcoBoost发动机家族的一分子。数据显示它们的性能恰到好处，燃油经济性也相当优越。两款轿车的耗油量都是城市道路每加仑17英里、高速公路每加仑25英里。2011款福特金牛（Taurus）的起价为38，155美元；2011款林肯MKS EcoBoost的起价为41，500美元。
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Lincoln MKS EcoBoost/Ford Taurus SHO
0 to 60: 5 seconds/5.2 seconds
Top speed: Limted to 134 mph/131 mph
In the sensible-shoes category are these two mechanically-similar sedans. Instead of thirsty V-8s, they are both powered by twin-turbo V-6s, part of Ford's Eco Boost family. As the numbers show, they provide perfectly adequate performance and better than adequate fuel economy. Both cars are rated at 17 mpg city/25 mpg highway. The 2011 Taurus starts at $38, 155; the 2011 Lincoln at $41,500. |
图片提供：特斯拉汽车公司
特斯拉Roadster
从静止加速到60英里/时耗时：3.7秒
最高时速：125英里
这也是本榜上唯一一款电池动力的跑车。理论上讲，特斯拉（Tesla）电动超跑代表了未来的趋势。它具备超跑的性能，但不用一滴汽油。但是，未来的道路上也不全是香槟和玫瑰。据美国环保署的资料显示，Roadster一次充电可续航244英里，但在现实条件下的驾驶（使用了大灯等配件、深踩油门等）却让Roadster的脚程短了一大截。此外不要忘了，Roadster是在一款重量较轻的莲花爱丽丝（Lotus Elise）跑车的基础上设计建造的，车身材料是昂贵的碳纤维。每台汽车单价高达128，500美元。
但是那犀利的加速！从静止到每小时60英里只需不到4秒，这对大多数痴迷高性能的飙车族来说已经足够了。而且作为一款电动车，它加速平稳且毫不费力。V8发动机可能已经濒临淘汰，但是现在我们有了更好的替代品。
译者：朴成奎
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Tesla Roadster
0 to 60: 3.7seconds
Top speed: 125 mph
The only battery powered car on the list, the Tesla theoretically represents the future. It offers the performance of a supercar without a drop of gasoline. The future is not all champagne and roses, however. According to the EPA, the Roadster can travel 244 miles on a single charge, but real world motoring (using accessories like headlights; driving with a heavy foot) results in much less range. Remember too that the roadster is based on a lightweight Lotus Elise sports car made of pricey carbon fiber, and an uncomfortable one at that. Price: $128,500.
But that acceleration! Under four seconds is fast enough for even the most hardened performance junkie, and with an electric car, it gets delivered smoothly and effortlessly. The V-8may be dying but we have something better coming along to replace it. |
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