美国人最爱给孩子起什么名？

美国社会保障管理局（Social Security Administration）数据显示，艾玛和诺亚这两个名字连续两年荣登全美男女宝宝命名年度排行榜榜首。至此，诺亚已经是连续第三年位居第一，艾玛是连续两年夺冠，2008年艾玛也曾摘得头名。

社会保障管理局上周五发布了宝宝名字的年度排行，2015年的最热门的五个男女宝宝名字和上年相同。位列诺亚之后的男宝宝大热名字依次是连姆、梅森、雅各布和威廉。女宝宝的名字之中，仅次于艾玛的分别是奥利维亚、索菲亚、伊娃和伊莎贝拉。后两个女宝宝名字的排名和2014年的互换，伊娃的名次上升到第四位。

女宝宝名字排位的很大变动是艾希斯。这个名字过去15年一直稳居热门女孩名字前1000名。2015年，由于和极端分子组织伊斯兰国的首字母缩略词同名，艾希斯彻底跌出热门名字排行榜。

成立宝宝起名网站BabynameWizard.com的宝宝命名专家劳拉•瓦滕贝格评价，变化很明显。

瓦滕贝格说：“因为新闻事件而放弃某个名字是很少见的。”她指出，第二次世界大战临近结束，阿道夫•希特勒及纳粹党失势时，阿道夫这个名字也高居美国热门名字的第555位。

不过，也有个名字跟新闻事件关系不大：2009年，也就是在希拉里•克林顿在美国总统大选的民主党初选中负于巴拉克•奥巴马一年后，希拉里这个名字就跌落了热门名字排行榜，2008年还排在第721名。2015年，希拉里仍然没在热门名字里，希拉里目前在党内的初选竞争对手伯尼•桑德斯的名字伯尼也没进热门。

巴拉克从没入选过1000个热门名字排行榜，在奥巴马的八年总统任期内，前任小布什的名字乔治热度略有下降，从第130位降至第163位。

唐纳德•特朗普今年已稳获共和党提名竞选总统，他的名字在2015年的排行中也下降了，由第418位跌至第441位。

瓦滕贝格说，现在的美国父母和过去不同，起名时会避免和政治扯上关系。但前总统的名字还是热门之选。比如肯尼迪就在女孩名字里排到第57位。

“在给宝宝起名时，我们希望用已卸任总统的，或者最好是已故总统的。”瓦滕贝格如是说。

艾玛这个名字是2002年蹿红的。当年詹妮弗•安妮斯顿在情景喜剧《老友记》中扮演的瑞秋给女儿起名为艾玛。另一位推动艾玛走红的是童星艾玛•沃特森，她在当红的《哈利•波特》系列电影中出演主角之一赫敏•格兰杰。

自2003年起，艾玛就一直名列女孩热门名字的三甲，并于2008年首次登上冠军宝座。2013年，艾玛紧随索菲亚之后位居次席。

多年来，美国人命名偏好简短顺口，又带多个元音字母的名字，比如米亚、连姆和诺亚。

2015年，两个女孩名字阿拉亚和阿黛琳迅速流行，也体现了偏好元音的潮流。阿拉亚在当年的排行之中由第2676位升至第664位，跃升2000多个位次。

目前还不清楚阿拉亚的排名为何飞跃。

社保局发布的公告猜测：“或许是因为高级时装设计师阿瑟丁•阿拉亚，又或者是因为好莱坞影星斯蒂芬•鲍德温的女儿、模特阿拉亚•鲍德温。”

阿黛琳这个名字2015年从第1393位飞升至第364位。同年上映了一部布莱克•莱弗利主演的影片《时光尽头的恋人》（英文名The Age of Adaline直译为“阿黛琳的年龄”——译注）。

男孩的名字方面，排名上升最快的是由第2286位升至第926位的瑞安。这是知名宝莱坞演员瑞泰什•戴施穆赫给小儿子起的名字。

社保局的官网还提供了历年前1000个热门宝宝名字排行榜，最早可以追溯到1880年。那一年最受欢迎的男女宝宝名字分别是约翰和玛丽。约翰现在排第26位，玛丽已经降到第124位。

译者：Pessy

审校：夏林

For the second year in a row, Emma and Noah top the annual list of top baby names in the U.S., according to the Social Security Administration. That’s the third year on top for Noah and the second in a row for Emma, which was also No. 1 in 2008.

The administration released its annual list of top baby names Friday, and the top five names for girls and boys in 2015 remained unchanged from the previous year. Noah was followed by Liam, Mason, Jacob, and William. Emma was followed by Olivia, Sophia, Ava, and Isabella. Ava and Isabella switched spots from 2014, with Ava climbing to number 4.

One major change was the girls’ name Isis, which had remained steadily in the middle of the pack of the country’s top 1,000 names for the last 15 years. In 2015, after the name had emerged as an acronym for the extremist group Islamic State, it dropped completely off the list.

That’s a dramatic shift, says Laura Wattenberg, baby name expert and founder of BabynameWizard.com.

“It’s actually quite rare for a name to be eliminated by issues in the news,” she says, noting that the name Adolph was still at No. 555 in the U.S. at the end of World War II when the Nazis and Adolf Hitler fell.

There’s another recent example, though: The name Hillary dropped off the list in 2009, a year after Hillary Clinton lost the Democratic presidential primary to Barack Obama. The name was No. 721 in 2008. Hillary remained off the list this year, as did the name of her current Democratic primary opponent, Bernie, as in Sanders.

Barack has never appeared in the top 1,000 names, and the popularity of the name of Obama’s predecessor, President George W. Bush, dropped slightly during his eight-year presidency, from No. 130 to No. 163.

The first name of this year’s presumptive Republican presidential nominee, Donald Trump, also dropped in 2015, from No. 418 to No. 441.

Wattenberg said that unlike in the past, parents avoid politics in name choices today. But names of past presidents remain popular. The girls’ name Kennedy, for example, is No. 57.

“We want our presidents out of office or preferably dead before we name our babies after them,” Wattenberg said.

Emma’s popularity soared in 2002, the same year that Rachel, a character played by Jennifer Aniston on the TV show Friends, named her baby Emma. Also boosting the name, actress Emma Watson played Hermione Granger in the popular Harry Potter movies.

Emma has been ranked among the top three baby names for girls since 2003, first reaching No. 1 in 2008. In 2013, Emma was No. 2 behind Sophia.

For several years, trends have favored names that are short and smooth—Mia, Liam and Noah—and that have a lot of vowels.

Two girls’ names that skyrocketed in popularity in 2015 were Alaia and Adaline, illustrating that vowel trend. Alaia moved up more than 2,000 spots on the list, from No. 2,676 to No. 664.

The reasons for Alaia’s rise aren’t clear.

“Perhaps this can be attributed to high-fashion designer Azzedine Alaia, or maybe it is because of Alaia Baldwin, the model/daughter of actor Stephen Baldwin,” speculated the Social Security Administration in a news release.

The name Adaline moved from No. 1,393 to No. 364. The Age of Adaline was a 2015 movie starring Blake Lively.

For boys, the top-rising name is Riaan, which moved from No. 2,286 to No. 926. It’s the name of the young son of a well-known Bollywood actor, Riteish Deshmukh.

The Social Security Administration’s website provides lists of the top 1,000 baby names for each year, dating to 1880. The top baby names that year were John and Mary. John is now No. 26 and Mary has fallen to No. 124.