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从混乱的美众议院议长选举中,CEO们能学到什么?

Paige McGlauflin
2023-01-14

虽然美国众议院经历了史无前例的僵局,让这次选举成为160多年来耗时最长的议长选举,但这种冲突在企业界却并不少见。

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经过15轮投票后,共和党议员凯文·麦卡锡最终当选美国众议院议长。图片来源:CHIP SOMODEVILLA—GETTY IMAGES

美国加利福尼亚州的共和党议员凯文·麦卡锡对共和党的极右派做出诸多让步之后,终于在今年1月7日结束了艰难的选举过程,当选众议院议长。虽然麦卡锡最终当选,但他坐上议长宝座的过程却削弱了他的权威,减少了他的权力,鼓舞了共和党内的极端保守派,这会令他在领导出现严重分裂的共和党时,将要面临政治失能和混乱的风险。

麦卡锡当选之前,同意了共和党强硬派的多项要求,包括修改议事规则、允许一位议员就能够发起罢免议长的投票,以及允许核心小组成员任职于众议院规则委员会(House Rules Committee)。麦卡锡为了安抚党内一小部分人(但声势浩大)所做的一切,引起了党内其他人士的担忧和批评。一位匿名共和党参议员对网站The Hill表示:“众议院的正常运转,需要议长具有权威,但麦卡锡所做的诸多让步表明,无论谁担任下一任议长,都将不再有管理众议院的权威。”

虽然美国众议院经历了史无前例的僵局,让这次选举成为160多年来耗时最长的议长选举,但这种冲突在企业界却并不少见。例如迪士尼的高层变动,导致鲍勃·查佩克在2022年11月被赶下台:经过一系列失误,包括对公司疫情响应措施的应对、不愿意反对佛罗里达州所谓的“不要说同性恋”(Don’t Say Gay)法案、流媒体业务损失数十亿美元和与其他高管和董事会成员关系日趋紧张等,这位前首席执行官被他的前任鲍勃·艾格尔取代。据称,导致他离职的导火索是迪士尼的首席财务官克里斯蒂娜·麦卡锡。她警告董事会成员,公司在查佩克的领导下已经偏离正轨。

领导层发生职场冲突的情况不可避免,如果高管之间可以开诚布公地进行辩论、交流和求同存异来推动公司业绩,这种冲突可能就是有价值的。但高管之间矛盾重重,这种不健康的关系可能导致生产力损失,业务停滞不前,并引起混乱,进而影响整个公司。查佩克不愿意对佛罗里达州限制小学讨论性别和性取向的法律发表意见,引发员工罢工以及现有和原高管的不满,导致他的下属不得不努力平息员工的担忧。不过对麦卡锡而言,众议院在选出议长之前无法正常运转,而在政府拨款、提高债务上限以及反对ESG披露规则和投资要求等方面,他可能要面临诸多挑战。

猎头公司Egon Zehnder的合伙人及其首席执行官业务的共同负责人迪克·巴顿对《财富》杂志表示:“担任首席执行官关键不是要做出无数个决策,而是帮助其他人做出决策。”随着公司治理从股东优先转向更广泛的利益相关者生态系统,首席执行官们必须与许多利益相关者进行有效沟通,包括他们的下属。在政治领域,人们很快就明白,麦卡锡没有提前与不满的共和党议员沟通,迫使他不得不在议长选举期间,就其需要做出的让步仓促进行谈判。而这些让步反过来需要他推翻已经与在之前的投票中支持自己的多数共和党人谈判的结果,增加了未来与他们产生冲突的风险。共和党参议员约翰·科宁非常中肯地指出:“议长选举已经如此艰难,可以想象未来通过任何法律的艰难程度。”

巴顿强调了领导者具备适应能力同时避免慢性被动反应的重要性,尤其是自己的权威可能被动摇的时候。成功的领导者还愿意做出不受欢迎的决策,并坚持自己的立场,以展示他们有能力带领公司度过混乱时期,从而获得长期尊重,使高管团队保持一致。麦卡锡愿意向极端保守派让步,这似乎伤害了他与更温和的共和党人之间的关系,比如得克萨斯州共和党人托尼·冈萨雷斯和南卡罗莱纳州共和党人南希·梅斯等。这两位共和党人不愿意批准第118届国会的议事规则,虽然这些议事规则在1月9日以微弱多数最终获得通过。

最后,领导者应该优先考虑建立信任,而不是获得他人的喜爱。巴顿说道:“我认识那些我并不太喜欢的人,但我信任他们。相对于受欢迎程度,这才是他们给我的更加深刻的印象。”《哈佛商业评论》(Harvard Business Review)在2017年的一项研究显示,与信任度低的公司相比,在信任度高的公司任职的员工,压力低74%,生产率高50%,参与度高76%,职业倦怠少40%。

回到华盛顿特区,麦卡锡的开局并不顺利,他的议长任期将是充满挑战、内斗不断的一段时间。他最终能否获胜,取决于他自己是否有能力适应极右派的刁难,同时维持众议院其他多数共和党众议员的信任和尊重。(财富中文网)

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

美国加利福尼亚州的共和党议员凯文·麦卡锡对共和党的极右派做出诸多让步之后,终于在今年1月7日结束了艰难的选举过程,当选众议院议长。虽然麦卡锡最终当选,但他坐上议长宝座的过程却削弱了他的权威,减少了他的权力,鼓舞了共和党内的极端保守派,这会令他在领导出现严重分裂的共和党时,将要面临政治失能和混乱的风险。

麦卡锡当选之前,同意了共和党强硬派的多项要求,包括修改议事规则、允许一位议员就能够发起罢免议长的投票,以及允许核心小组成员任职于众议院规则委员会(House Rules Committee)。麦卡锡为了安抚党内一小部分人(但声势浩大)所做的一切,引起了党内其他人士的担忧和批评。一位匿名共和党参议员对网站The Hill表示:“众议院的正常运转,需要议长具有权威,但麦卡锡所做的诸多让步表明,无论谁担任下一任议长,都将不再有管理众议院的权威。”

虽然美国众议院经历了史无前例的僵局,让这次选举成为160多年来耗时最长的议长选举,但这种冲突在企业界却并不少见。例如迪士尼的高层变动,导致鲍勃·查佩克在2022年11月被赶下台:经过一系列失误,包括对公司疫情响应措施的应对、不愿意反对佛罗里达州所谓的“不要说同性恋”(Don’t Say Gay)法案、流媒体业务损失数十亿美元和与其他高管和董事会成员关系日趋紧张等,这位前首席执行官被他的前任鲍勃·艾格尔取代。据称,导致他离职的导火索是迪士尼的首席财务官克里斯蒂娜·麦卡锡。她警告董事会成员,公司在查佩克的领导下已经偏离正轨。

领导层发生职场冲突的情况不可避免,如果高管之间可以开诚布公地进行辩论、交流和求同存异来推动公司业绩,这种冲突可能就是有价值的。但高管之间矛盾重重,这种不健康的关系可能导致生产力损失,业务停滞不前,并引起混乱,进而影响整个公司。查佩克不愿意对佛罗里达州限制小学讨论性别和性取向的法律发表意见,引发员工罢工以及现有和原高管的不满,导致他的下属不得不努力平息员工的担忧。不过对麦卡锡而言,众议院在选出议长之前无法正常运转,而在政府拨款、提高债务上限以及反对ESG披露规则和投资要求等方面,他可能要面临诸多挑战。

猎头公司Egon Zehnder的合伙人及其首席执行官业务的共同负责人迪克·巴顿对《财富》杂志表示:“担任首席执行官关键不是要做出无数个决策,而是帮助其他人做出决策。”随着公司治理从股东优先转向更广泛的利益相关者生态系统,首席执行官们必须与许多利益相关者进行有效沟通,包括他们的下属。在政治领域,人们很快就明白,麦卡锡没有提前与不满的共和党议员沟通,迫使他不得不在议长选举期间,就其需要做出的让步仓促进行谈判。而这些让步反过来需要他推翻已经与在之前的投票中支持自己的多数共和党人谈判的结果,增加了未来与他们产生冲突的风险。共和党参议员约翰·科宁非常中肯地指出:“议长选举已经如此艰难,可以想象未来通过任何法律的艰难程度。”

巴顿强调了领导者具备适应能力同时避免慢性被动反应的重要性,尤其是自己的权威可能被动摇的时候。成功的领导者还愿意做出不受欢迎的决策,并坚持自己的立场,以展示他们有能力带领公司度过混乱时期,从而获得长期尊重,使高管团队保持一致。麦卡锡愿意向极端保守派让步,这似乎伤害了他与更温和的共和党人之间的关系,比如得克萨斯州共和党人托尼·冈萨雷斯和南卡罗莱纳州共和党人南希·梅斯等。这两位共和党人不愿意批准第118届国会的议事规则,虽然这些议事规则在1月9日以微弱多数最终获得通过。

最后,领导者应该优先考虑建立信任,而不是获得他人的喜爱。巴顿说道:“我认识那些我并不太喜欢的人,但我信任他们。相对于受欢迎程度,这才是他们给我的更加深刻的印象。”《哈佛商业评论》(Harvard Business Review)在2017年的一项研究显示,与信任度低的公司相比,在信任度高的公司任职的员工,压力低74%,生产率高50%,参与度高76%,职业倦怠少40%。

回到华盛顿特区,麦卡锡的开局并不顺利,他的议长任期将是充满挑战、内斗不断的一段时间。他最终能否获胜,取决于他自己是否有能力适应极右派的刁难,同时维持众议院其他多数共和党众议员的信任和尊重。(财富中文网)

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

The grueling fight to elect Kevin McCarthy as House speaker came to a close on January 7 after the California Republican made several concessions to the GOP’s ultra-right faction. Despite a win in hand, McCarthy’s efforts to secure the speaker’s gavel have weakened his authority, diminished his power, and emboldened the party’s ultraconservative sect, which could create dysfunction and chaos as he tries to lead a party with deep fissures.

McCarthy agreed to several demands from GOP hardliners in the run-up to his appointment, including a rules change that would allow just one member to call for a vote to oust the House speaker and another that would allow caucus members to serve on the House Rules Committee. The attempts to mollify a small but vocal faction have drawn concern and criticism from McCarthy’s GOP peers. “For the House to function, the Speaker has to have authority, and this demonstrates the next Speaker, whoever it is, doesn’t have the authority to manage the House,” an anonymous GOP senator told the Hill.

While the House gridlock was unprecedented, making it the longest contest to become speaker in over 160 years, such clashes are not uncommon in the corporate world. Take the C-suite rebellion at Disney that led to Bob Chapek’s ouster in November 2022: After a series of missteps, including his handling of the company’s pandemic response, reluctance to challenge Florida’s so-called “Don’t Say Gay” bill, billions lost on streaming, and mounting tension with fellow executives and board members, the former CEO was replaced by his predecessor, Bob Igor. His dismissal was reportedly stimulated by Disney’s chief financial officer Christine McCarthy who warned board directors that the company was off course under Chapek’s leadership.

Workplace conflict is inevitable in leadership ranks and can even be valuable when executives openly debate, share ideas, and disagree to drive results. But a toxic, misaligned C-suite can lead to productivity loss, stall progress, and create confusion that reverberates throughout the company. In Chapek’s case, his hesitation to address Florida’s law restricting discussions of gender and sexuality in elementary schools led to employee walkouts and reprimand from current and former executives and left his lieutenants scrambling to assuage worker concerns. With McCarthy, the House could not resume business until a Speaker was elected, and he will likely face challenges to government funding, raising the debt ceiling, and threats to ESG disclosure rules and investing requirements.

“Being a CEO isn’t about making tons of decisions,” Dick Patton, a partner at executive search firm Egon Zehnder and co-head of its CEO practice tells Fortune. “It’s about helping others make tons of decisions.” As corporate governance shifts from shareholder primacy to a broader ecosystem of stakeholders, CEOs must effectively engage their many stakeholders, including direct reports. In the political sector, it quickly became clear that McCarthy failed to engage disgruntled GOP members early on, forcing him to hastily negotiate concessions during the Speaker vote. Those concessions, in turn, required that he renege on negotiations already made with the majority Republicans who backed him in earlier voting rounds, setting up the risk for future clashes with them. Republican Sen. John Cornyn aptly noted, “If it’s this hard to elect a Speaker, imagine how hard it’s going to be to pass any legislation.”

Patton stresses the importance of leaders being adaptive without becoming chronically reactive, especially when there’s potential for undermining. Successful leaders are also willing to make unpopular decisions and decisively stand their ground, demonstrating an ability to guide the company through disruptive periods, securing long-term respect and C-suite alignment. McCarthy’s willingness to bend to ultraconservatives seems to have hurt his standing with more moderate Republicans like Texas Rep. Tony Gonzalez and South Carolina Rep. Nancy Mace. The two expressed reluctance to approve a rules package for the 118th Congress, though it ultimately passed with a slim majority on January 9.

Finally, leaders should prioritize building trust over likability. “I know people who I don’t particularly like, but I do trust. That is a deeper impression of somebody than popularity,” Patton says. Employees at high-trust companies report 74% less stress, 50% higher productivity, 76% more engagement, and 40% less burnout than people at low-trust companies, according to a 2017 study from the Harvard Business Review.

Back in D.C., McCarthy is already facing a bumpy start, and his tenure is poised to be a challenging one with continued infighting. Whether he emerges victorious will rest on his own ability to adapt to the far right’s curveballs, while maintaining the trust and respect of the remaining GOP House majority.

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