套用弗兰纳里·奥康纳(Flannery O'Connor)的话,就像好人难寻一样,好工作也难寻。尤其是在21世纪,美国人在后期资本主义污染的水域中前行时,发现大多数工作就像是在淤泥中游泳,因此,将自己的灵魂(或至少一年时间,外加改变生活)出卖给他人并非易事。但不要听信我们的话。
全美民众都觑着眼睛用怀疑的眼光看待大多数职业,这种怀疑程度堪比对胡子上粘有巧克力的狗的怀疑。这种普遍的不安情绪至少可以追溯到现代社会学的经典之作,罗伯特·帕特南(Robert Putnam)于2000年出版的《独自打保龄》(Bowling Alone)一书。书中用郊区保龄球联盟的衰落来比喻美国人的醒悟和孤立。二十年后的今天,我们正走出疫情造成的社会动乱的巨大阴影,然而,孤独却成为“流行病”。去年,美国卫生局局长认为,孤独流行病的危害不亚于每天吸十几支香烟。如今,盖洛普(Gallup)及其最新的2023年"诚信与道德"民意调查揭示了美国人对其劳动力的信任度正在下降,这无疑又是致命一击。
盖洛普对约800名美国成年人的23种职业进行了调查,发现几乎所有职业的从业人员道德标准都有所下降。换句话说,现在越来越多的人对大多数工作持怀疑态度。
这项始于1976年的调查发现,在短短一年时间内,几乎所有(13个职业中有12个)职业的道德评级都有所下降。在不信任情绪弥漫之际,唯一逃过评级下降的职业是工会领袖。自2019年以来,信任度逐年下降,平均下降了6个百分点。
美国人对制度的信任度下降,这不足为奇。在两极分化加剧的时代,尤其是在右翼,许多美国人发现,两党候选人都无法兑现他们的庄严承诺。随着人们对联邦机构的信任几乎降至历史最低点,美国人被迫面对只能用“糟糕”一词来形容的经济状况。
即使经济学家坚持认为经济形势没有那么黯淡,但当许多成年人从摇摇欲坠的教育体系毕业,却发现申请大学难以保证获得梦寐以求的工作,而且这一紧张态势达到剑拨弩张的程度,他们感到精疲力竭。许多年轻人在离开高等学府时背负巨额学生贷款,只能在高通胀的经济环境中摸爬滚打。高通胀使得攒够100万美元才能过上舒适的退休生活。美国人也生活在获取信息更为便捷的时代,他们敏锐地意识到当今的各种问题,从无处不在的气候变化到不断传来的社会经济动荡和战争新闻。人们把梦想的破灭归咎于各行各业的专业人士,这一切都足以让乐观主义者变得愤世嫉俗。
最值得信赖和最不值得信赖的人
在政界、媒体和药剂师这些职业中,表现优异、表现糟糕、行事龌龊都有了新代名词。根据盖洛普的数据,参议员、神职人员、国会议员以及记者和药剂师的道德评级“创下新低”,这一年他们的处境尤为艰难。最不受信任的工作大多是政府部门工作和销售类工作,包括汽车销售人员和广告从业人员。
获得正面评价的工作包括牙医、工程师和兽医等。22年来,护士一直保持着最高职业道德标准的称号。当疫情肆虐时,护士的道德评级甚至更高,但自那以后,其职业道德评级有所下降。即使我们信任护士,也不会给他们优厚的报酬和待遇。在第一波疫情过后,抗议的声音逐渐消退,但护士并没有得到真正的尊重,约有10万名护士因职业倦怠而辞职。
受访者的大学教育程度和政治倾向不同,因此他们对各类职业的信任度也不同。总体而言,在历年的调查中,大学毕业生对职业道德的评级往往高于非大学毕业生。此外,根据受访者所支持的政党的不同,有些工作更容易获得信任,原因是倾向于共和党的受访者对警察的信任度高于民主党,而对大学教育工作者的信任度则反之。盖洛普将这种差异部分归因于选举周期和当前的执政党。因此,尽管我们普遍认为自己的工作不合乎伦理道德标准,但哪些工作看起来最腐败堕落可能取决于我们的身份认同。
随着Z世代进入职场,他们希望接受更符合自己理想和道德标准的工作,从而为自己正名。这是一个棘手的问题,原因是一些经济拮据的成年人往往在追求高薪工作的同时陷入困境,他们发现自己不得不向其中一个愿望妥协。人们似乎都意识到,“理想工作”这个词往往就是一种自相矛盾的说法。(财富中文网)
译者:中慧言-王芳
套用弗兰纳里·奥康纳(Flannery O'Connor)的话,就像好人难寻一样,好工作也难寻。尤其是在21世纪,美国人在后期资本主义污染的水域中前行时,发现大多数工作就像是在淤泥中游泳,因此,将自己的灵魂(或至少一年时间,外加改变生活)出卖给他人并非易事。但不要听信我们的话。
全美民众都觑着眼睛用怀疑的眼光看待大多数职业,这种怀疑程度堪比对胡子上粘有巧克力的狗的怀疑。这种普遍的不安情绪至少可以追溯到现代社会学的经典之作,罗伯特·帕特南(Robert Putnam)于2000年出版的《独自打保龄》(Bowling Alone)一书。书中用郊区保龄球联盟的衰落来比喻美国人的醒悟和孤立。二十年后的今天,我们正走出疫情造成的社会动乱的巨大阴影,然而,孤独却成为“流行病”。去年,美国卫生局局长认为,孤独流行病的危害不亚于每天吸十几支香烟。如今,盖洛普(Gallup)及其最新的2023年"诚信与道德"民意调查揭示了美国人对其劳动力的信任度正在下降,这无疑又是致命一击。
盖洛普对约800名美国成年人的23种职业进行了调查,发现几乎所有职业的从业人员道德标准都有所下降。换句话说,现在越来越多的人对大多数工作持怀疑态度。
这项始于1976年的调查发现,在短短一年时间内,几乎所有(13个职业中有12个)职业的道德评级都有所下降。在不信任情绪弥漫之际,唯一逃过评级下降的职业是工会领袖。自2019年以来,信任度逐年下降,平均下降了6个百分点。
美国人对制度的信任度下降,这不足为奇。在两极分化加剧的时代,尤其是在右翼,许多美国人发现,两党候选人都无法兑现他们的庄严承诺。随着人们对联邦机构的信任几乎降至历史最低点,美国人被迫面对只能用“糟糕”一词来形容的经济状况。
即使经济学家坚持认为经济形势没有那么黯淡,但当许多成年人从摇摇欲坠的教育体系毕业,却发现申请大学难以保证获得梦寐以求的工作,而且这一紧张态势达到剑拨弩张的程度,他们感到精疲力竭。许多年轻人在离开高等学府时背负巨额学生贷款,只能在高通胀的经济环境中摸爬滚打。高通胀使得攒够100万美元才能过上舒适的退休生活。美国人也生活在获取信息更为便捷的时代,他们敏锐地意识到当今的各种问题,从无处不在的气候变化到不断传来的社会经济动荡和战争新闻。人们把梦想的破灭归咎于各行各业的专业人士,这一切都足以让乐观主义者变得愤世嫉俗。
最值得信赖和最不值得信赖的人
在政界、媒体和药剂师这些职业中,表现优异、表现糟糕、行事龌龊都有了新代名词。根据盖洛普的数据,参议员、神职人员、国会议员以及记者和药剂师的道德评级“创下新低”,这一年他们的处境尤为艰难。最不受信任的工作大多是政府部门工作和销售类工作,包括汽车销售人员和广告从业人员。
获得正面评价的工作包括牙医、工程师和兽医等。22年来,护士一直保持着最高职业道德标准的称号。当疫情肆虐时,护士的道德评级甚至更高,但自那以后,其职业道德评级有所下降。即使我们信任护士,也不会给他们优厚的报酬和待遇。在第一波疫情过后,抗议的声音逐渐消退,但护士并没有得到真正的尊重,约有10万名护士因职业倦怠而辞职。
受访者的大学教育程度和政治倾向不同,因此他们对各类职业的信任度也不同。总体而言,在历年的调查中,大学毕业生对职业道德的评级往往高于非大学毕业生。此外,根据受访者所支持的政党的不同,有些工作更容易获得信任,原因是倾向于共和党的受访者对警察的信任度高于民主党,而对大学教育工作者的信任度则反之。盖洛普将这种差异部分归因于选举周期和当前的执政党。因此,尽管我们普遍认为自己的工作不合乎伦理道德标准,但哪些工作看起来最腐败堕落可能取决于我们的身份认同。
随着Z世代进入职场,他们希望接受更符合自己理想和道德标准的工作,从而为自己正名。这是一个棘手的问题,原因是一些经济拮据的成年人往往在追求高薪工作的同时陷入困境,他们发现自己不得不向其中一个愿望妥协。人们似乎都意识到,“理想工作”这个词往往就是一种自相矛盾的说法。(财富中文网)
译者:中慧言-王芳
To paraphrase Flannery O’Connor, much like a man, a good job is hard to find. And selling your soul (or at least a year and change of your life) to the man is no simple feat either, especially in the 21st century, where most jobs feel like swimming through muck as Americans navigate the polluted waters of late-stage capitalism. But don’t take our word for it.
People across the nation are looking at most professions with narrowed eyes and a level of skepticism once reserved for a dog with chocolate on its beard. The widespread malaise dates back at least to that modern classic of sociology, Robert Putnam’s Bowling Alone, published in 2000, which employed the metaphor of the decline of the suburban bowling league for Americans’ disenchantment and isolation. Two decades later, we are emerging from the convulsions of the pandemic to a “loneliness epidemic” that the surgeon general compared last year to smoking a dozen cigarettes daily. Now another nail in the coffin is none other than Gallup and its most recent 2023 Honesty and Ethics poll, revealing America’s slipping trust in its workforce.
Surveying about 800 U.S. adults on 23 jobs, Gallup found that almost all professions have declined in terms of how most people view the moral standards of workers in them. In other words, more and more of us think most jobs are pretty shady these days.
The survey, which dates back to 1976, finds that almost all (12 out of 13) jobs have declined in ethical ratings in just one year. In a sweepstakes of mistrust of sorts, the only profession that escaped the slump was labor union leader. Trust has been chipped away over the years, to the tune of an average of six points since 2019.
It’s no shock that Americans’ belief in the system is dwindling. In a time of increased polarization, especially on the right, many Americans have found that candidates on both sides of the aisle fail to deliver on their lofty promises. As trust in our federal institutions crumbles to almost record lows, Americans are forced to deal with an economy that can only be described as feeling “bad.”
Even if economists insist that the situation is less gloomy, many adults feel especially fatigued as they graduate from a crumbling education system and enter the pressure cooker of applying to college in order to somehow access an elusive dream job. Many young adults leave higher-ed with oversize student loans and navigate an economy marked by high inflation that stretches all the way into a $1 million price tag on a comfortable retirement. Americans are also living in an age with higher access to information, keenly aware of the problems of today, from pervasive climate change to constant news about socioeconomic turmoil and war. It’s all enough to make even optimists a little cynical, as the dissolution of a dream is blamed on professionals across the board.
The most and least trustworthy of the lot
The good, bad, and ugly find a new name in politics, the media, and pharmacists. Senators, clergy, and congresspeople, as well as journalists and pharmacists, had an especially difficult year as their ethics ratings “hit new lows,” per Gallup. Most of the least trusted jobs are held by those in government as well as people in sales, including car salespeople and advertising practitioners.
On the other side of the spectrum are jobs including dentists, engineers, and veterinarians. Nurses have held the title of the profession with the highest regarded ethics for 22 years now. When the pandemic was raging, nurses were held in even higher regard but have since dropped in ethics ratings. Even if we trust our nurses, we don’t pay or treat them all too well. As the banging of pots receded in the wake of the first waves of COVID-19, real respect wasn’t reflected all that much in the sector as about 100,000 nurses quit owing to burnout.
Wrinkles develop in our trust of professions depending on a respondent’s college education and political leaning. On the whole and across years of conducting the survey, college graduates tend to rate professions higher on the ethical scale than non–college graduates. And depending on what political party one identifies with, some jobs are more likely to be trusted as Republican-leaning respondents trust cops more than Democrats and vice versa when it comes to college educators. Gallup attributes some of the disparity to election cycles and the party that is currently in office. So, while across the board we feel our jobs are less ethical, which jobs seem the most corrupt might depend on how you identify.
And as Gen Z enters the workforce, they’ve made a name for themselves as they look to accept jobs that align more with their ideals and morals. It’s a tricky dance, as some financially strapped adults are often put in a bind while looking for good pay as well and find themselves forced to compromise one or the other desire. It seems as if, across the board, people are realizing the term “dream job” is too often an oxymoron.