培养女性创业者最多的十所美国大学

斯坦福大学今年再度问鼎培养女性企业家最多的大学。根据私募公司M&A和风投数据库Pitchbook的统计，自2006年以来，从斯坦福的本科毕业生中已经走出了154位女性企业家，她们一共创办了146家公司，合计融资约16.8亿美元。

在从斯坦福走出的女性企业家中，比较出名的有One Kings Lane公司的创始人埃莉森·平克斯，Everspring公司的伊莉莎白·荷兰伯格，和Shift Technologies公司的明妮·英格索尔等。

在斯坦福蝉联榜首的同时，哈佛也在去年的基础上上升两名，成为培养出女性企业家第二多的美国大学。十年中哈佛共走出了119名女性企业家，她们创办了115家公司，合计融资27.4亿美元。Gilt、Nextdoor和Rent the Runway等新锐公司都是这些哈佛女毕业生创办的。

下表就是这张榜单上的前十所大学：

Stanford University has again topped the list of universities for female entrepreneurs. The college's undergraduate programs have churned out 154 entrepreneurs who've founded 146 companies with some $1.68 billion in capital raised since 2006, according to M&A, private equity, and venture capital database Pitchbook.

Some of the most notable female entrepreneurs among the school's graduates are Alison Pincus of One Kings Lane, Elizabeth Hollenberg of Everspring, and Minnie Ingersoll of Shift Technologies.

While Stanford is a repeat No. 1, Harvard is a newcomer at No. 2, climbing two spots from last year's list with 119 female entrepreneurs and 115 companies founded—Gilt, Nextdoor, and Rent the Runway, to name a few. Altogether, they've raised $2.74 billion in capital.

Here is the full top 10:

除此之外，Pitchbook公司还制定了一张不计性别的排行榜。该公司指出，这些大学之所以成为创业者的摇蓝，主要是由于以下因素：一是拥有全美顶尖的工程和计算机科学专业；二是靠近硅谷、波士顿和纽约等科技中心；三是这些高校拥有强大的校友网络；四是大学内部投资机会充足，而且与本地风投有紧密联系。比如斯坦福大学就有自己的StartX创业基金，专门给创业者提供融资和创业指导。

虽然以上大学在培育女性创业者上表现得相当抢眼，但从Pitchbook的数据来看，女性创业者的人数与男性创业者依然有很大差距，这也是整个风投界都面临的问题。再拿斯坦福为例，虽然斯坦福十年来培养了154位女性企业家，她们创办了146家公司，拿到了16.8亿美元融资，但这只占斯坦福毕业生中全部创业者的一小部分。如果不计性别，近十年来，斯坦福的毕业生中共走出了1127名创业者，他们创办了957家公司，合计融资达226.3亿美元。

《财富》杂志今年三月的一篇分析文章表明，2016年，创始人全部为男性的美国企业总计获得了582亿美元的融资，而美国的女性创业者只获得了14.6亿美元融资。考虑到融资数量和平均融资规模等因素，去年美国男女创业者之间的巨大差距不但没有缩小，反而进一步拉大了。（财富中文网）

译者：贾政景

Pitchbook, which also ranks universities based on their overall entrepreneurial output (regardless of a founder's gender), points to a few factors that make these colleges such reliable breeding grounds for startup talent: their elite engineering and computer science programs; their geographical proximity to technology hubs like Silicon Valley, Boston, and New York City; the universities' alumni networks; and colleges' in-house investment funds or their affiliations with local VCs. Stanford, for instance, deploys capital through its StartX fund, which provides funding and mentorship to company founders.

But despite these universities' stellar track records for producing female entrepreneurs, Pitchbook's university data reveals the stark disparity between female founders and their male counterparts—one that plagues the entire VC community. While Stanford's data on female founders is impressive compared to peers—154 entrepreneurs, 146 companies, $1.68 billion in capital raised—the figures represent a small fraction of Stanford's entrepreneurial output overall—1127 entrepreneurs, 957 companies, and $22.63 billion in capital raised.

A Fortune analysis from March showed that venture capitalists invested a total of $58.2 billion in companies with all-male founders in 2016, while just $1.46 billion in VC money went to women. Rather than improving last year, that massive disparity—due to differences in the number of deals and the average deal size by gender—actually got worse.