超级富豪哪里最多？不再是纽约

随着亚洲的超级富豪越来越多，纽约失去了最大超级富豪聚集地的头衔。

一份最新报告显示，如今香港超越了大苹果城，身家超过3,000万美元的人口数量位居全球首位。研究公司Wealth-X发现，这个前英国殖民地的超级富豪数量去年增长了31%，达到约1万人，超过了美国最大城市纽约的9,000人。东京排名第三。随着脱欧削弱了英国的资本力量，巴黎也超越伦敦，成为了富豪数量最多的欧洲城市。

Wealth-X表示，全球的超级富豪数量去年增加了13%，达到25.6万人，拥有的资产总值达到31.5万亿美元。研究作者写道，受到中国大陆和香港的影响，亚洲的富豪数量增长最快。这里身家3,000万美元以上者占全球超级富豪的比例，从十年前的约18%增加到超过25%，体现了该地区的崛起。

报告作者写道：“我们预测亚太地区会与其他地区一道，在未来五年里缩小巨大的贫富差距。不过按照绝对价值计算，这里的贫富差距仍将大于欧洲、中东和非洲。”他们表示，亚太地区的超级富豪数量将以8.3%的年复合增长率增加。

去年，超级富豪中女性约有3.5万人，占比达到近14%，达到历史新高。

香港的超级富豪数量位居全球第一，但中国大陆却没有城市进入前十，尽管该国的超级富豪数量在所有国家中名列第三。这主要是因为中国的财富较为分散，超级富豪数量增长最快的30座城市中，有26座都在中国。

作者写道：“拥有广袤土地的中国，创造财富的活力令人惊叹。”

香港的崛起也体现出中国财富的不断增长。作者表示，它名列全球榜首“得益于贸易的增长和与中国大陆的投资联系”。

中东地区商品市场的相对挣扎是这里的资产和超级富豪数量增长最为乏力的原因之一，这两项去年的增长率分别为4.8%和4.4%。

然而，报告作者写道，得益于去年市场处于良性状态，各地区的经济都出现了增长。

他们表示：“经历了前一年过山车式的增长，2017年经济和金融市场几乎毫无例外地给了人们惊喜。全球的实际GDP年增速达到了2011年以来的最高点。”

不过研究还发现，超级富豪在现金等流动资产上的持有量最多，达到了总资产的35%。对私人公司的控股占了32%，对上市公司的控股占了26%。而他们在房地产、艺术和游艇等其他方面的投资则占了总资产的6.6%。

研究指出，英国脱欧之后形势黯淡，也在去年的趋势中有所反映。作者写道，巴黎去年超级富豪的数量增加了17%，达到3,900人以上，这座光之城市超越伦敦，是因为“脱欧给英国金融市场和整体经济带来的不确定性，部分影响了”伦敦。（财富中文网）

译者：严匡正 

New York has lost its crown as home to the most ultra-rich people, beaten out by the rising tide of extreme wealth in Asia.

Hong Kong surpassed the Big Apple as the city with the highest population of people worth at least $30 million, according to a new report. The former British colony saw its number of ultra-wealthy increase 31% last year, to about 10,000, research firm Wealth-X found, higher than the nearly 9,000-strong population of the U.S.’s largest city. Tokyo came third, while Paris beat out London to take the European crown as Brexit weighed down the U.K. capital.

The number of ultra-rich worldwide rose 13% last year, according to Wealth-X, totaling about 256,000 people with combined assets of $31.5 trillion. Asia saw the fastest growth, driven by mainland China and Hong Kong, the study’s authors wrote. Reflecting the region’s rise, its share of the global population of people with at least $30 million rose to just over one-fourth, up from around 18% a decade ago.

“Asia-Pacific is forecast to close the ultra-wealth gap with other regions over the next five years, but is expected to remain behind Europe, the Middle East and Africa in absolute terms,” the report’s authors wrote. The number of ultra-wealthy in Asia-Pacific is expected to rise at a compound rate of 8.3% a year, they said.

Women accounted for about 35,000 of the ultra-rich last year, a record-high share of nearly 14%, the study found.

While Hong Kong topped the city rankings, nowhere in mainland China made the top 10, despite the country being third in the list of nations. That’s because China’s wealthy are widely dispersed, illustrated by the fact it was home to 26 of the 30 fastest-growing cities for the ultra-rich.

“The dynamism of wealth creation across China’s vast landscape is nevertheless staggering,” the authors wrote.

Hong Kong’s rise was also a reflection of China’s improving fortunes, with its position at the top of the global list “supported by enhanced trade and investment links with mainland China,” according to the authors.

The relative struggles of commodity markets was a factor in the Middle East posting the weakest global growth in both assets and individuals, rising 4.8% and 4.4%, respectively.

Every region saw gains, however, thanks to last year’s benign markets, the report’s authors wrote.

“Having experienced a roller-coaster ride the previous year, economic and financial markets almost without exception surprised on the upside in 2017,” they said. “On an annual basis, world real GDP expanded at its fastest pace since 2011.”

Still, the ultra-rich held more of their wealth — 35% — in liquid assets such as cash than anything else, the study found. Private holdings accounted for about 32%, while public holdings were 26%. Alternative investments such as real estate, art and yachts made up 6.6% of total assets.

The U.K.’s looming departure from the EU factored into last year’s trends, the study found. Paris’s rise over London — the City of Lights saw a 17% increase in its ultra-wealthy numbers to more than 3,900 individuals — was because London was “hampered in part by Brexit-related uncertainty in U.K. financial markets and across the wider economy,” the authors wrote.