在美国找工作，要去这些城市

考虑换个工作吗？想过搬家到匹兹堡吗？或者圣路易斯和印第安纳波利斯？

这三个大都市圈在职场网站Glassdoor公布的最新的25个最适合就业的城市列表中名列前茅。这来源于一项年度研究，通过三个同样权重的因素来评估：找工作的容易度、这个城市的物价水平，以及现在当地居民对工作的满意度。

假如你想把重点放在机会最多的城市，你在找工作时将拥有最多的选择，而竞争相同职位的人数也是最少的。Glassdoor为《财富》杂志编制了一份单独的榜单，列出了相对该地区人口而言就业机会最多的地区。以下是前十名：

2018年美国十大最适合就业的城市

1．马萨诸塞州波士顿市

2．加利福尼亚州圣何塞市

3．加利福尼亚州旧金山市

4．宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡市

5．华盛顿特区

6．北卡罗来纳州罗利市

7．华盛顿州西雅图市

8．康涅狄格州哈特福德市

9．科罗拉多州丹佛市

10．马里兰州巴尔的摩市

Glassdoor的经济研究分析师阿曼达·斯坦塞尔表示：“在当今的就业市场，高技能求职者的地位难以置信”，几乎在任何地方都能找到新工作。特别有前途的是那些经常被忽视的、经济蓬勃发展和有着大量新就业机会的小城市，在大多数情况下，这里生活成本还相对较低。但加州的圣何塞是一个明显的例外。该市拥有丰富的就业机会，但根据Glassdoor用房地产网站Zillow的最新数据的排名，如果你想搬到那里去，那么你得比较有钱。圣何塞的房价中值目前是美国最高的，为120万美元。

谁招聘的人最多呢？可能你已经猜到了，在Glassdoor名单上的每个城市中，IT公司增加的员工最多。但斯坦塞尔指出，今年7月发表的之前的研究发现，即使在科技行业，也有超过40%的工作岗位是非科技职位。这相当于每年新增了53000个就业岗位。

斯坦塞尔表示:“随着它们的规模化和增长，它们需要各种各样的人才。”最受欢迎的是有下列经验的新员工：客户经理、项目经理、销售代表、运营经理、营销经理和财务分析师。

科技公司还比其他行业有优势，斯坦塞尔补充说，因为“它们以拥有伟大的文化而闻名。”

她还有个观点。考虑一下：由于许多员工预计在未来一年左右的时间里只能得到小幅加薪，如果大多数换工作的人都是出于金钱的动机，这是合乎逻辑的，尤其是如果他们不安分到以搬到另一个城市为赌注的话，这种想法并不是完全错误的。Glassdoor对美国劳工统计局（Bureau of Labor Statistics）为工作而搬家的数据分析显示，“额外增加1万美元的基本年薪就能提高”人们去不同的城市找新工作“的预期0.5个百分点（0.41%）”。

相比之下，科技行业作为不断学习和创新的温床（更不用说纯粹的兴趣了）的名声显然更有吸引力。一个受到全面好评的工作地点能提高人们去新城市工作的预期为2.5个百分点。Glassdoor的报告指出，“这在统计上非常显著，大约是提高1万美元薪酬的影响的6倍。”（财富中文网）

本文作者安妮·费希尔是职场专家，也是提供职场建议的专栏作家。她在《财富》杂志开设“解决问题”（Work It Out）专栏，向读者提供21世纪的工作与生活指南。

译者：冉文忠

Considering a job change? Ever think about moving to Pittsburgh? How about St. Louis, or Indianapolis?

Those three metropolitan areas head up career site Glassdoor’s latest list of the 25 best towns to work in, an annual study that gives equal weight to three factors: How easy it is to find a job, how affordable the city is, and how satisfied current denizens say they are at work.

But let’s say you want to focus on the cities with the highest number of available opportunities, where you’re likely to have the most choice among prospective employers, and the smallest number of candidates competing for the same openings. Glassdoor compiled a separate list for Fortune, which shows the places with the most job opportunities relative to the area’s population. Here are the top 10.

10 Best U.S. Cities for Jobs in 2018

1. Boston, MA

2. San Jose, CA

3. San Francisco, CA

4. Pittsburgh, PA

5. Washington, DC

6. Raleigh, NC

7. Seattle, WA

8. Hartford, CT

9. Denver, CO

10. Baltimore, MD

“In today’s job market, highly skilled job seekers are in an incredible position” to find new jobs just about everywhere, says Glassdoor economic research analyst Amanda Stansell. Especially promising are often-overlooked smaller cities with booming economies, a healthy dose of new job creation and, in most cases, a relatively low cost of living. A notable exception: San Jose, Calif. The city is rich in job opportunities but, according to Glassdoor’s ranking of current data from real estate site Zillow, if you want to move there, it helps to be rich, period. The median house price in San Jose is now the highest in the U.S., at $1.2 million.

Who’s doing the most hiring? As you might guess, IT companies are adding the most headcount in every city on Glassdoor’s lists. But, Stansell points out, previous research published this past July found that just over 40% of jobs being created even in the tech industry are for non-tech roles. That’s about 53,000 new jobs annually.

“As they scale and grow, they need all kinds of talent,” says Stansell. Most in-demand are new hires with experience as account executives, project managers, sales reps, operations managers, marketing managers, and financial analysts.

Tech companies also have an edge over other industries because, Stansell adds, “they’re known for having great cultures.”

She has a point. Consider: Given that many employees can expect only modest raises in the next year or so, it would be logical if most people changing jobs were motivated by money, especially if they’re restless enough to pull up stakes and move to a different city, and that notion isn’t entirely wrong. Glassdoor’s analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics data on people who moved for work shows that “an extra $10,000 in annual base salary predicts candidates are about half a percentage point (0.41%) more likely” to take a new job in a different place.

By contrast, the tech industry’s reputation as a hotbed of continuous learning and innovation (not to mention plain old fun) is apparently an even bigger draw. A lofty rating as an all-around great place to work predicts that job hunters will be 2.5 percentage points more willing to move to a new town. Notes Glassdoor’s report, “That’s statistically significant, and roughly six times larger than the impact of offering $10,000 higher pay.”

Anne Fisher is a career expert and advice columnist who writes “Work It Out,” Fortune’s guide to working and living in the 21st century.