《时代》周刊2018年度人物：“守护者”

《时代》周刊（TIME）从1927年起开始从个人或群体中评选年度人物，作为对他们在过去12个月中全球影响力的认可。《时代》2018年度人物是“守护者”——他们是在暴力、压迫和“假新闻”指控面前仍然坚持公正报道的记者们。

或许其中最著名的“守护者”就是沙特人、《华盛顿邮报》（Washington Post）的记者吉马尔·卡舒吉了，他据称于今年10月2日在伊斯坦布尔的沙特领事馆遭到谋杀。哈苏吉的死占据了两个多月的新闻头条，面对这起可能是沙特王储萨勒曼精心策划的杀戮事件，各国政府在激辩应当如何做出回应。

据CNN报道，这是首次《时代》周刊将年度时代人物的称号授予一名死者。

“从俄罗斯到利雅得再到硅谷，对真相的操作和滥用出现在了今年很多重大新闻中，这是对自由的潜在威胁，这种威胁还在不断增长。”关于年度人物评选，《时代》周刊的总编辑爱德华·费尔森塔尔如是写道。

本期《时代》周刊有四个不同版本的黑白杂志封面，印着卡舒吉和其他“为真理而战”的记者们的大幅照片。

“《时代》周刊2018年度人物：守护者”

— TIME (@TIME)2018年12月11日

其中包括《资本公报》（Capital Gazette）的员工，这家马里兰州安纳波利斯的报社于今年6月遭受枪击，5名员工丧生。枪手据信是因为私人恩怨专门针对该报纸。

袭击发生后，《资本公报》记者们的坚韧备受赞誉。枪击案发生几个小时后，他们发了推特：“没错，我们明天还会接着出这份该死的报纸。”

菲律宾新闻网站Rappler的首席执行官玛丽娅·伊萨亦在列。据人权观察组织在今年1月估算，该国总统罗德里戈·杜特尔特一直在推进的暴力“毒品战争”两年内已经造成了12000多人死亡。Rappler网站长期强烈谴责杜特尔特政府，11月伊萨和Rappler被控5项税务欺诈罪名，她说这些罪名是为了“恐吓”他们。

第4种版本的《时代》周刊封面是瓦隆和吴觉梭）的妻子手持自己丈夫的照片——这两位路透社记者去年在缅甸因获取“国家机密”被捕。两位记者称他们之所以被诬陷，是为了阻止他们报道若开邦的大屠杀，而据报这场屠杀与国家安全力量有关。9月，两人均被判处七年徒刑。

年度人物候选人包括美国总统唐纳德·特朗普、在美墨边境分离的家庭、俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京、特别顾问罗伯特·穆勒、《黑豹》导演瑞恩·库格勒、“生命大游行”的活动家、韩国总统文在寅、苏塞克斯公爵夫人梅根·马克尔王妃和之前指控美国最高法院大法官布雷特·卡瓦诺性侵并在国会作证因此登上新闻头条的克里斯汀·布莱泽·福特。

菲尔森塔尔写道，最终选择了上述4位记者和《资本公报》，因为他们“冒着巨大风险，只为追求更伟大的真理；因为他们在追寻公民话语体系中至关重要的事实，过程虽有瑕疵却不可或缺；因为他们敢于表明态度，敢于言人之不敢言。”（财富中文网）

译者：Agatha

Since 1927, TIME magazine has named an individual or group as the “Time Person of the Year,” recognizing their impact on the world over the last twelve months. This year, “the Guardians“—journalists fighting to report fairly in the face of violence, oppression, and accusations of “fake news”—are TIME’s 2018 Person of the Year.

Probably the most well-known “guardian” is Jamal Khashoggi, a Saudi Arabian dissident and Washington Post reporter who was allegedly murdered in the Saudi consulate in Istanbul on Oct. 2. Khashoggi’s death has made headlines for over two months, as governments debate how to respond to a killing likely orchestrated by Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman.

According to CNN, this is the first time that TIME’s Person of the Year has recognized a deceased individual.

“From Russia to Riyadh to Silicon Valley, manipulation and abuse of truth is the common thread in so many of this year’s major headlines, an insidious and growing threat to freedom,” Edward Felsenthal, TIME’s editor-in-chief, wrote of the Person of the Year selection.

In four different black and white magazine covers, TIME highlights Khashoggi and other journalists fighting the “war on truth.”

“TIME Person of the Year 2018: The Guardians”

— TIME (@TIME) December 11, 2018

Among them is the staff of the Capital Gazette, a newspaper in Annapolis, Maryland that lost five of its employees in June when a shooter opened fire. The suspected gunman was thought to have specifically targeted the newspaper due to a personal grudge.

Capital Gazette reporters were applauded for their resilience following the attack. Hours after the shooting, the publication tweeted, “Yes, we’re putting out a damn paper tomorrow.”

TIME also recognized Maria Ressa, chief executive of the Philippine news website Rappler. The country’s president, Rodrigo Duterte, has been conducting a violent “drug war” that’s killed more than 12,000 in two years, according to a January estimate from Human Rights Watch. Ressa’s publication has been highly critical of Duterte’s administration, and in November she and Rappler were charged with five counts of tax fraud—charges that Ressa has said are meant to “intimidate” them.

A fourth TIME cover depicts the wives of Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo holding photographs of their husbands—two Reuters journalists who were arrested in Myanmar last year for obtaining “state secrets.” The two journalists claim they were framed in an effort to stop them from writing about a massacre in Rakhine State reportedly associated with state security forces,TIME reports. In September, each were sentenced to seven years in prison.

Runner-ups for Person of the Year included U.S. President Donald Trump, the families separated at the U.S.-Mexico border, Russian President Vladimir Putin, special counsel Robert Mueller, “Black Panther” director Ryan Coogler, the March for Our Lives activists, South Korean President Moon Jae-in, Duchess of Sussex Meghan Markle, and Christine Blasey Ford, who made headlines for testifying to Congress about her alleged sexual assault by Supreme Court Justice Brett Kavanaugh earlier this year.

The four journalists and the Capital Gazette were ultimately chosen for “taking great risks in pursuit of greater truths, for the imperfect but essential quest for facts that are central to civil discourse, for speaking up and for speaking out,” Felsenthal wrote.