这些城市让上班族最快乐

哪些因素会让人们爱上自己的工作？在就业市场中，最佳人才的桌上也许已经摆满了来自竞争对手的入职邀请，所以弄明白这个问题已经变得越发迫切。当然，工资很重要，但在几座上班族工作满意度最高的城市，一些无形条件同样发挥着作用。其中包括有挑战性的工作、独立工作的自由（事无巨细都要过问的管理者要注意了），以及鼓励团队成员提出想法并为其长期职业目标提供支持的领导。

这就是就业网站kununu（www.kununu.com）对其数据库中87000多名打工族的观点进行深入分析后得出的结论。聚焦于美国50座大都市的研究人员发现，得分最高的是下列10座城市：

1. 迈阿密，佛罗里达州

2. 洛杉矶，加利福尼亚州

3. 罗利，北卡罗来纳州

4. 路易斯维尔，肯塔基州

5. 奥马哈，内布拉斯加州

6. 圣何塞，加利福尼亚州

7. 萨克拉门托，加利福尼亚州

8. 俄克拉荷马城，俄克拉荷马州

9. 西雅图，华盛顿州

10. 弗雷斯诺，加利福尼亚州

值得注意的是，得分最高的两座城市在一定程度上是因为工作以外的整体生活质量，包括用人单位无法轻易复制的东西，比如当地绝妙的海滩和充足的日照。而且公司通常也不怎么能，或者说根本无法控制生活成本。但在上述10座城市中，多数城市（如罗利和奥马哈）的工作满意度在一定程度上看来都和唾手可得的平价住房有关，这极大地减轻了当地人的经济负担。高的离谱的生活成本是纽约市在kununu的50座城市排名中稳居末尾的原因之一。

尽管如此，kununu的一位董事约翰尼斯·普鲁勒却认为和在好上司手下干活相比，上述因素都显得微不足道。他说：“我们都知道，人们进的是公司，离开则是因为他们的上司。”因此，想把最棒的、最聪明的人聚拢在自己周围的领导者需要“创造一种下属可以茁壮成长的支持性环境”。在kununu的50座城市榜单中，排名最低的10座城市中的“上班族在我们称为‘领导支持’方面给的分数都不高”。

这就意味着要找时间来指导下属，和他们探讨绩效目标并及时提供具体而有用的反馈，所有这些在普鲁勒看来“都影响着员工对自身发展机遇的看法”。

了解了这一点后，下面让我们来看看得分最低的10座城市：

41. 夏洛特，北卡罗来纳州

42. 阿尔伯克基，新墨西哥州

43. 密尔沃基，威斯康星州

44. 科罗拉多斯普林斯，科罗拉多州

45. 埃尔帕索，得克萨斯州

46. 达拉斯，得克萨斯州

47. 休斯顿，得克萨斯州

48. 孟菲斯，得克萨斯州

49. 奥克兰，加利福尼亚州

50. 纽约市，纽约州

有一个令人鼓舞的情况：kununu发现美国上班族对其工作的整体感觉看来多少要好于一年前。这在一定程度上是因为人们更普遍地重视团队和协作。2018年年底，表示自己的“快乐得分达到平均水平”的人数比2017年多了12.3%。（财富中文网）

译者：Charile

审校：夏林

What makes people love their jobs? It’s an increasingly urgent question in this job market, where your best talent may be besieged with rival offers. Sure, money matters but, in the cities where employees report the highest levels of job satisfaction, a few intangibles count, too. Among those are challenging work, freedom to work independently (micromanagers, take note), and leaders who encourage ideas from team members and lend support to their long-term career goals.

That’s what job site kununu concluded from a deep dive into its database of more than 87,000 employee reviews. Zeroing in on the 50 biggest metropolitan areas in the U.S., the researchers found that employers in these 10 cities earned the highest scores:

1. Miami, Fla.

2. Los Angeles, Calif.

3. Raleigh, N.C.

4. Louisville, Ky.

5. Omaha, Neb.

6. San Jose, Calif.

7. Sacramento, Calif.

8. Oklahoma City, Okla.

9. Seattle, Wash.

10. Fresno, Calif.

It’s worth noting that the top two towns got high marks, in part, for the overall quality of life outside of work, including things employers elsewhere can’t easily replicate, like great local beaches and plenty of sunshine. Nor do companies usually have much, if any, control over the cost of living. But job satisfaction in most of the Top Ten (Raleigh and Omaha, for instance) seems linked to some degree with the ready availability of affordable housing, which takes a load of financial pressure off the folks who live and work there. The stratospheric cost of living is one reason New York City came in dead last on kununu’s list of 50.

Even so, Johannes Prüller, a kununu director, believes those factors are far less essential to employee happiness than working for the right boss. “We all know that people join organizations but quit their managers,” he says. So leaders who hope their best and brightest will stick around need to “create a supportive environment where people can thrive.” The 10 lowest-ranked cities among kununu’s list of 50 “all lack decent employee ratings in a category we call ‘leadership support’.”

That means finding the time to coach subordinates, discussing their performance goals and giving specific, useful feedback in real time, all of which Prüller says “affects how employees view their opportunities for advancement.”

With that in mind, here are the 10 cities with the lowest scores:

41. Charlotte, N.C.

42. Albuquerque, N.M.

43. Milwaukee, Wis.

44. Colorado Springs, Co.

45. El Paso, Tex.

46. Dallas, Tex.

47. Houston, Tex.

48. Memphis, Tn.

49. Oakland, Calif.

50. New York, N.Y.

One encouraging note: kununu found that U.S. employees overall apparently feel somewhat better about their jobs than they did a year ago. Partly because of a more widespread emphasis on teamwork and collaboration, people in late 2018 reported “average happiness scores” that beat 2017’s numbers by 12.3%.