从汽油到食品杂货再到服装和家电,美国的物价全面上涨,对消费者造成严重影响。
据美国劳工部统计,4月美国通胀率为8.3%,接近3月创纪录的8.5%。尤其是食品、出行、房地产和汽油价格居高不下。
消费者该如何应对?
很可惜,面对不断上涨的生活成本,人们没有神奇的解决方案能够逃过它的影响。大多数人不可能搬到更便宜的公寓来节省住房成本,或者为了避免加油停止通勤。但理财规划师向客户推荐的一些策略,可以帮助减轻通胀对银行账户和投资的影响。
第一步是了解自己的支出情况。《财富》杂志采访的理财规划师几乎都建议,仔细查看近期的信用卡和银行对账单,了解自己的消费项目,以及与几个月前相比有哪些变化。将消费进行分类之后,可以更容易分析出哪些方面可以减少支出,或者哪些方面可以增加投入。
金融公司Misson Lane的首席贷款与增长官丽莎·费希尔表示:“把所有消费项目写下来。你可以在笔记本上大致列举一下,或者打印一份有条理的清单,无论如何,有详细的消费记录可以帮助你更直观地了解自己的现金流向,在必要的时候可以削减某些方面的支出。”该公司致力于帮助客户重建信用。
在了解自己的消费情况之后,理财规划师们还提供了另外7条建议,可帮助你应对物价上涨。
1.申请加薪
与以前相比,在当前的就业市场中,劳动者拥有更多主动权。利用这一点为自己争取利益。
TimeWise Financial认证理财规划师马特·阿特伍德表示:“现在的就业市场是就业机会最多的时候。确保自己能够得到合理的薪酬。”使用Payscale等网站进行研究,了解自己的工资在行业中的水平。
至少按照物价上涨幅度,向雇主申请根据生活成本调整薪酬水平,理想情况下加薪10%左右可以跟上物价上涨速度。如果老板无法或不愿意加薪,你或许应该更新简历,另寻其他岗位。虽然无法确定对雇员有利的就业市场会持续多长时间,但研究其他就业机会,对你并不会有什么伤害。
阿特伍德表示:“如果你的加薪申请没有得到合理的回应,可以利用当前的就业市场为自己争取利益。”
2.尝试提前备餐
提前备餐是指拿出一些时间,用同样的食材提前制作可供几天或一周食用的食物。虽然提前备餐不适合所有人,但它可以帮助减少食品杂货支出,避免食物浪费,并且当你太累或没有时间烹饪的时候,还能节省在Uber Eats上订餐的费用。
阿特伍德表示:“我建议浏览Reddit上的r/MealPrepSunday子论坛,在周日做好一周的备餐,从而减少工作日的压力。”这个子论坛上经常会提供一些创意建议,“用类似的食材烹饪不同口味的美食,避免一周都吃相同食材口味过于单一。”
YouTube上也有大量视频教你如何烹饪经济实惠的美食。
3.坚持(或开始)投资
直觉似乎告诉我们,在市场下滑时不要进行投资。但实际上,对于远不到退休年龄的人们来说,这是投资的好机会。
阿特伍德对Z世代和千禧一代的上班族表示:“历史上,投资都是抵御通胀最好的方式,而且你们有足够的时间。”
这并不意味着将全部资金用来投资:所有年龄段的上班族至少应该在储蓄账户中存入3至6个月的生活费,以备不时之需。如果没有这么多资金,应该朝着这个目标努力。即使每周拿出几美元,也能帮助你增加储蓄。
但Stonebridge Wealth Management的认证理财规划师泰勒·马丁表示,手头不要留太多现金。
马丁表示:“过度储蓄正在削弱人们的购买力。目前股市正在下跌。”
4.了解哪些努力能带来最大回报
物价确实正在上涨,但上涨幅度不一。通胀率使用消费物价指数衡量,其中包含了房地产、能源、食品杂货、交通等“一揽子”商品。
马丁表示:“重点是在涨价幅度最大的商品上减少支出。”他提到汽油是推动通胀上涨的主要因素,对许多家庭的影响可能远超过其他商品价格上涨。
他表示:“通常情况下,开市客(Costco)或山姆会员店(Sam’s Club)等会员俱乐部可能提供更优惠的油价。通过Upside等应用加油还能获得返现。”
5.不要购买“新”产品
能打折买到或免费得到的商品,就不要全价购买。理财专家兼作家安德烈亚·沃罗奇表示:“在购买新产品之前,先考虑一下从二手交易到以物易物等各种购买途径。”
她建议加入Buy Nothing群组,以及浏览FreeCycle.org等网站寻找免费二手(有时是全新的)商品。Poshmark或Tradesy上有八成新的服装,OfferUP则提供二手家居用品和家具等。还可以在eBay上购买经过认证的翻新电子产品,或者通过Facebook Marketplace查找社区中的所有打折商品。
Stash认证理财规划师兼理财咨询总监劳伦·阿纳斯塔西澳表示,本地的Buy Nothing群组中不止有免费商品。
阿纳斯塔西澳表示:“你会发现,群组中有人愿意拿出自己的时间帮你缝补衣物,从而可以节省去裁缝店或者买新衣服的支出,还有人可以帮忙做家务,从而可以节约住宅维护支出。你还可以利用这些群组整合资源,因为群组成员通常愿意外借工具、厨具、娱乐设备等,让你可以不必购买可能只会用到一次的商品,从而减少这部分支出。”
6.想方设法获得返现机会
对于必须购买的商品,例如宠物食品或食品杂货等,可以安装Rakuten等浏览器插件,在购物时获得返现,从而进一步减少支出。返现金额取决于你所购物的商店,但Chewy、塔吉特(Target)和沃尔玛(Walmart)等日常零售商提供的返现比例为1%。有些商店提供更高比例的返现;截至本文截稿时,Old Navy为购物者提供2%的返现,耐克(Nike)的返现比例高达惊人的10%。虽然听起来不多,但积少成多。
如果你有良好的信用,并且每个月都能偿还所有信用卡账单,那么你可以利用返现卡。
Bankrate. com高级行业分析师泰德·罗斯曼表示:“想想你在哪些方面的消费最多,可以考虑最大程度利用这些类别的信用卡。”他表示,自己用美国运通Blue Cash Preferred信用卡,在美国超市购物可获得6%的返现。 “有许多信用卡在旅行、用餐、汽油、在线购物等方面提供3%至5%的返现。”你可以通过Bankrate或NerdWallet等网站,查找最适合自家的方案。
此外,通过信用卡发卡机构查找购物优惠。美国运通、美国银行(Bank of America)、摩根大通(Chase)和第一资本(Capital One)等除了返现以外,还为持卡人提供部分商户的特别优惠。不同发卡机构和不同地区提供的优惠不同,可在自己的信用卡账户中查找。
沃罗奇表示:“你无法控制物价上涨,但你可以使用返现工具,在使用信用卡时获得最高返现。”
7.警惕缩水式通胀和影子通胀
TIAA理财规划专员罗伯·史蒂文斯表示,警惕缩水式通胀,即公司以同样或更高的价格,为客户提供缩水的产品。这种情况在食品杂货店中尤其常见,比如一袋椒盐脆饼或者一卷铝箔纸的数量变得更少。
史蒂文斯表示:“为了减少这种情况,最好购买普通产品,因为普通产品使用这种手段的速度,通常比品牌产品更慢。”
另外一种值得警惕的通货膨胀是影子通胀,即产品或服务的质量下降。例如,一家酒店可能不再每天免费提供干净的毛巾或者品种丰富的欧式早餐。你最喜欢的TexMex餐厅以前免费赠送的薯条和调味汁,可能开始收费。实际上,你消费了同样的钱,却享受到了更少的便利设施或更低质量的服务。
这种质量变化很难利用官方标准进行衡量,而且并不包含在政府的通胀统计数据当中。我们对于影子通胀也无计可施,只能保持警惕,以避免自己遭遇额外收费,增加在餐厅用餐的费用。(财富中文网)
译者:刘进龙
审校:汪皓
从汽油到食品杂货再到服装和家电,美国的物价全面上涨,对消费者造成严重影响。
据美国劳工部统计,4月美国通胀率为8.3%,接近3月创纪录的8.5%。尤其是食品、出行、房地产和汽油价格居高不下。
消费者该如何应对?
很可惜,面对不断上涨的生活成本,人们没有神奇的解决方案能够逃过它的影响。大多数人不可能搬到更便宜的公寓来节省住房成本,或者为了避免加油停止通勤。但理财规划师向客户推荐的一些策略,可以帮助减轻通胀对银行账户和投资的影响。
第一步是了解自己的支出情况。《财富》杂志采访的理财规划师几乎都建议,仔细查看近期的信用卡和银行对账单,了解自己的消费项目,以及与几个月前相比有哪些变化。将消费进行分类之后,可以更容易分析出哪些方面可以减少支出,或者哪些方面可以增加投入。
金融公司Misson Lane的首席贷款与增长官丽莎·费希尔表示:“把所有消费项目写下来。你可以在笔记本上大致列举一下,或者打印一份有条理的清单,无论如何,有详细的消费记录可以帮助你更直观地了解自己的现金流向,在必要的时候可以削减某些方面的支出。”该公司致力于帮助客户重建信用。
在了解自己的消费情况之后,理财规划师们还提供了另外7条建议,可帮助你应对物价上涨。
1.申请加薪
与以前相比,在当前的就业市场中,劳动者拥有更多主动权。利用这一点为自己争取利益。
TimeWise Financial认证理财规划师马特·阿特伍德表示:“现在的就业市场是就业机会最多的时候。确保自己能够得到合理的薪酬。”使用Payscale等网站进行研究,了解自己的工资在行业中的水平。
至少按照物价上涨幅度,向雇主申请根据生活成本调整薪酬水平,理想情况下加薪10%左右可以跟上物价上涨速度。如果老板无法或不愿意加薪,你或许应该更新简历,另寻其他岗位。虽然无法确定对雇员有利的就业市场会持续多长时间,但研究其他就业机会,对你并不会有什么伤害。
阿特伍德表示:“如果你的加薪申请没有得到合理的回应,可以利用当前的就业市场为自己争取利益。”
2.尝试提前备餐
提前备餐是指拿出一些时间,用同样的食材提前制作可供几天或一周食用的食物。虽然提前备餐不适合所有人,但它可以帮助减少食品杂货支出,避免食物浪费,并且当你太累或没有时间烹饪的时候,还能节省在Uber Eats上订餐的费用。
阿特伍德表示:“我建议浏览Reddit上的r/MealPrepSunday子论坛,在周日做好一周的备餐,从而减少工作日的压力。”这个子论坛上经常会提供一些创意建议,“用类似的食材烹饪不同口味的美食,避免一周都吃相同食材口味过于单一。”
YouTube上也有大量视频教你如何烹饪经济实惠的美食。
3.坚持(或开始)投资
直觉似乎告诉我们,在市场下滑时不要进行投资。但实际上,对于远不到退休年龄的人们来说,这是投资的好机会。
阿特伍德对Z世代和千禧一代的上班族表示:“历史上,投资都是抵御通胀最好的方式,而且你们有足够的时间。”
这并不意味着将全部资金用来投资:所有年龄段的上班族至少应该在储蓄账户中存入3至6个月的生活费,以备不时之需。如果没有这么多资金,应该朝着这个目标努力。即使每周拿出几美元,也能帮助你增加储蓄。
但Stonebridge Wealth Management的认证理财规划师泰勒·马丁表示,手头不要留太多现金。
马丁表示:“过度储蓄正在削弱人们的购买力。目前股市正在下跌。”
4.了解哪些努力能带来最大回报
物价确实正在上涨,但上涨幅度不一。通胀率使用消费物价指数衡量,其中包含了房地产、能源、食品杂货、交通等“一揽子”商品。
马丁表示:“重点是在涨价幅度最大的商品上减少支出。”他提到汽油是推动通胀上涨的主要因素,对许多家庭的影响可能远超过其他商品价格上涨。
他表示:“通常情况下,开市客(Costco)或山姆会员店(Sam’s Club)等会员俱乐部可能提供更优惠的油价。通过Upside等应用加油还能获得返现。”
5.不要购买“新”产品
能打折买到或免费得到的商品,就不要全价购买。理财专家兼作家安德烈亚·沃罗奇表示:“在购买新产品之前,先考虑一下从二手交易到以物易物等各种购买途径。”
她建议加入Buy Nothing群组,以及浏览FreeCycle.org等网站寻找免费二手(有时是全新的)商品。Poshmark或Tradesy上有八成新的服装,OfferUP则提供二手家居用品和家具等。还可以在eBay上购买经过认证的翻新电子产品,或者通过Facebook Marketplace查找社区中的所有打折商品。
Stash认证理财规划师兼理财咨询总监劳伦·阿纳斯塔西澳表示,本地的Buy Nothing群组中不止有免费商品。
阿纳斯塔西澳表示:“你会发现,群组中有人愿意拿出自己的时间帮你缝补衣物,从而可以节省去裁缝店或者买新衣服的支出,还有人可以帮忙做家务,从而可以节约住宅维护支出。你还可以利用这些群组整合资源,因为群组成员通常愿意外借工具、厨具、娱乐设备等,让你可以不必购买可能只会用到一次的商品,从而减少这部分支出。”
6.想方设法获得返现机会
对于必须购买的商品,例如宠物食品或食品杂货等,可以安装Rakuten等浏览器插件,在购物时获得返现,从而进一步减少支出。返现金额取决于你所购物的商店,但Chewy、塔吉特(Target)和沃尔玛(Walmart)等日常零售商提供的返现比例为1%。有些商店提供更高比例的返现;截至本文截稿时,Old Navy为购物者提供2%的返现,耐克(Nike)的返现比例高达惊人的10%。虽然听起来不多,但积少成多。
如果你有良好的信用,并且每个月都能偿还所有信用卡账单,那么你可以利用返现卡。
Bankrate. com高级行业分析师泰德·罗斯曼表示:“想想你在哪些方面的消费最多,可以考虑最大程度利用这些类别的信用卡。”他表示,自己用美国运通Blue Cash Preferred信用卡,在美国超市购物可获得6%的返现。 “有许多信用卡在旅行、用餐、汽油、在线购物等方面提供3%至5%的返现。”你可以通过Bankrate或NerdWallet等网站,查找最适合自家的方案。
此外,通过信用卡发卡机构查找购物优惠。美国运通、美国银行(Bank of America)、摩根大通(Chase)和第一资本(Capital One)等除了返现以外,还为持卡人提供部分商户的特别优惠。不同发卡机构和不同地区提供的优惠不同,可在自己的信用卡账户中查找。
沃罗奇表示:“你无法控制物价上涨,但你可以使用返现工具,在使用信用卡时获得最高返现。”
7.警惕缩水式通胀和影子通胀
TIAA理财规划专员罗伯·史蒂文斯表示,警惕缩水式通胀,即公司以同样或更高的价格,为客户提供缩水的产品。这种情况在食品杂货店中尤其常见,比如一袋椒盐脆饼或者一卷铝箔纸的数量变得更少。
史蒂文斯表示:“为了减少这种情况,最好购买普通产品,因为普通产品使用这种手段的速度,通常比品牌产品更慢。”
另外一种值得警惕的通货膨胀是影子通胀,即产品或服务的质量下降。例如,一家酒店可能不再每天免费提供干净的毛巾或者品种丰富的欧式早餐。你最喜欢的TexMex餐厅以前免费赠送的薯条和调味汁,可能开始收费。实际上,你消费了同样的钱,却享受到了更少的便利设施或更低质量的服务。
这种质量变化很难利用官方标准进行衡量,而且并不包含在政府的通胀统计数据当中。我们对于影子通胀也无计可施,只能保持警惕,以避免自己遭遇额外收费,增加在餐厅用餐的费用。(财富中文网)
译者:刘进龙
审校:汪皓
American consumers have been hit with rising prices from all sides, from gas and groceries to clothes and appliances.
U.S. inflation stood at 8.3% in April, close to March’s record-breaking high of 8.5%, according to the Labor Department. Prices for food, travel, housing, and gas were especially high.
So how are consumers coping?
Unfortunately, there's no magic solution to avoid the rising cost of living. Most people can't just move to a cheaper apartment to save on housing or stop commuting to work in order to avoid filling up. But financial planners have a few strategies they recommend to clients to help soften the impact inflation can have on their bank accounts and investments.
The first step is to understand where your money is going. Almost all of the financial planners interviewed by Fortune recommended going through recent credit card and bank statements so you can see exactly how you're spending your money, and how that spending compares to a few months ago. Once you have your spending categorized, it's easier to see where there is room to cut back, or where to redirect more funds.
"Write everything down," says Lisa Fischer, chief lending and growth officer at Misson Lane, a financial company that helps people rebuild their credit. "Whether it’s scribbling in a notebook or typing out an organized list, keeping a detailed record helps you visualize your cash flow and cut down where needed."
After you've done that, here are seven more tips from financial planners to help you get by when prices go up.
1.Ask for a raise
Workers have more power in today's job market than they've had in quite some time. Use that to your advantage.
"You have the most abundant job market in your lifetime available right now," says Matt Atwood, a certified financial planner at TimeWise Financial. "Ensure you are compensated fairly for your role." Do your research, using a site like Payscale, to see how your salary compares to others in your industry.
At the very least, ask for a cost-of-living adjustment in line with price increases—ideally around 10% or so to keep up with inflation. And if your boss can't or won't increase your pay, it might be time to update your résumé and look for something new. Though it's impossible to say for how long the job market will so good for employees, it never hurts to see what else is out there.
"If your request [for a raise] is not met with a fair response, then use this labor market to your advantage," says Atwood.
2.Try meal prepping
It's not for everyone, but meal prepping—setting aside a block of time to make a few days’ or a week’s worth of meals with the same ingredients—can help save money on groceries, food waste, and on Uber Eats when you’re too tired or time-strapped to cook.
"I recommend checking out the r/MealPrepSunday sub on Reddit and knocking out your cooking on Sunday to take stress off your workweek," says Atwood. The subreddit often features ideas for "diverse flavored meals with similar ingredients to limit the monotony of eating the same thing all week."
There are also countless videos on YouTube for budget-friendly meals.
3.Keep (or start) investing
It might seem counterintuitive to invest when the market is dropping. But it's actually an opportune time for anyone who's not close to retirement to invest their money.
"Historically, investing is the best hedge against inflation, and you have time on your side," says Atwood, speaking to Gen Z and millennial workers.
That doesn't mean going all in: Workers of all ages should have at least three to six months’ worth of living expenses socked away in a savings account in case of emergency. And if you don't, you should be working toward that goal. Even putting away a few bucks a week can help your savings grow.
But don’t keep too much cash on hand, says Tyler Martin, certified financial planner at Stonebridge Wealth Management.
"Excess savings are losing their purchasing power," says Martin. "The market is on sale right now."
4.Know where your efforts will have the biggest payoff
Yes, prices are rising, but not uniformly. The inflation rate is measured by the consumer price index, which comprises a “basket” of goods, including housing, energy, groceries, transportation, etc.
"Focus saving on the items that are inflating the most," says Martin. He points to gas as a huge driver of inflation that is likely hurting many households more than other cost increases.
“Typically, you can find better gas prices at membership clubs like Costco or Sam’s Club,” he says. “There are also apps, like Upside, where you can earn cash back on gas purchases.”
5.Don’t buy “new” products
Don't pay the full sticker price for products you can find for less money or no money at all. "Before buying brand-new, consider all buying options from secondhand to trading," says Andrea Woroch, financial expert and author.
She suggests signing up for Buy Nothing groups and checking sites like FreeCycle.org to find used (and sometimes new) goods for free. Check Poshmark or Tradesy for gently used clothing, and OfferUp for secondhand home goods and furniture. For certified refurbished electronic goods, use eBay, and peruse Facebook Marketplace for all manner of discounted items in your neighborhood.
Local Buy Nothing groups can offer more than just free stuff, says Lauren Anastasio, a certified financial planner and director of financial advice at Stash.
“You may find someone in the group who is willing to gift their time and help sew [or] mend clothes so you can save money on a tailor or new clothes, or someone who is skilled to help around the house to limit any home maintenance expenses you may have,” says Anastasio. “You can also pool resources, as participants in these groups will often lend out tools, kitchenware, items for entertaining, etc., so you can skip the expense of buying something you’ll only need to use once.”
6.Get cash back on everything else
For even more savings on items you need to buy—say, pet food or groceries—install a browser extension like Rakuten, which gives you cash back on purchases. How much you’ll recoup depends on the store, but everyday retailers like Chewy, Target, and Walmart offer 1%. Some stores offer even more cash back; as of writing, Old Navy was offering shoppers 2% cash back and Nike a whopping 10%. It might not seem like much, but it all adds up.
If you have good credit and pay off your credit card bill in full every month, then take advantage of cash-back cards.
“Think about where you spend most of your money and look to maximize those categories,” says Ted Rossman, senior industry analyst at Bankrate.com, noting that he uses the American Express Blue Cash Preferred for its 6% cash back at U.S. supermarkets. “There are plenty of cards that give 3% to 5% cash back on other popular categories including travel, dining, gas, online shopping, and more.” You can use a site like Bankrate or NerdWallet to research the best options for your household.
Additionally, look for shopping deals through your credit card issuer. American Express, Bank of America, Chase, and Capital One, among others, offer cardholders special deals at certain merchants on top of cash back. These deals vary by issuer and location, but you can find them by logging into your credit account.
“You can’t control the rising prices, but you can take advantage by using cash-back tools to supercharge the cash back you’re earning with your credit card,” says Woroch.
7.Watch out for shrinkflation—and shadow inflation
Be on the lookout for so-called shrinkflation, which occurs when companies give customers less of their products for the same or higher price, says Rob Stevens, a financial planning specialist at TIAA. This is especially common at the grocery store, and it could mean fewer pretzels in a bag or less aluminum foil on a roll.
"To mitigate this, buy generic products, which are typically slower than name brands to use this tactic," says Stevens.
Another offshoot of inflation to be wary of: shadow inflation, or when the quality of a service or product declines. For example, a hotel may no longer provide free clean towels every day or an expansive continental breakfast. Your favorite TexMex restaurant may start charging for the chips and salsa that were once complimentary. Essentially, you're getting fewer amenities or less quality service for your money.
These changes in quality are difficult to measure officially, and they’re not included in government inflation statistics. There’s also not much you can do about shadow inflation besides be aware of it, so that you’re not hit with extra charges—making that restaurant bill even more expensive.