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美联储28年来最大幅加息,这对美国人的钱包意味着什么?

ALICIA ADAMCZYK
2022-06-20

从储蓄到还债,美国人都将感受到加息给他们的财务生活带来的影响。

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你的信用卡债务变得略显高昂了。

美联储上周三将基准基金利率上调0.75个百分点,该项极其激进的举措旨在减轻通胀带来的持续影响。这是美联储今年第三次加息,也是近30年来最大幅度的一次加息。

许多专家原本预计美联储本周将加息0.5个百分点,美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔(Jerome Powell)在5月份的会议上表示,该机构并未考虑加息0.75个百分点。但随着5月份的通胀报告高于预期,央行加大加息力度,试图控制成本上升。

简单地说,从理论上讲,加息会抑制对商品和服务的需求,从而避免成本进一步上升。专家们预计,美联储将在年底前继续加息。

从储蓄到还债,美国人都将感受到加息给他们的财务生活带来的影响。以下情况是人们需要知道的。

债务将变得更加高昂

信用卡债务和其他浮动利率产品的利率可能会在未来几周和几个月内上升。自上次加息以来,贷款机构已经在提高信用卡年利率。

同样,汽车和房屋贷款的利率可能会继续攀升。如果不急用,那么在事态稳定下来之前推迟大额商品消费可能是有意义的。不过话说回来,如果你急着买房——因为你的房租也在上涨,而且你也准备好买房了——那么在利率进一步上涨之前,现在或尽快锁定利率可能是明智的。

储蓄率可能会提高

虽然债务成本在上升,但是未来几周和几个月,储蓄账户的年利率也可能会上升。经过数年微不足道的收益后,这对储户来说可能是一个福音。

专家表示,Ally等网上银行通常在提供更高利率方面比传统的实体银行行动更快。信用合作社(Credit unions)也在提供有竞争力的利率。追踪账户情况的DepositAccounts.com创始人肯·图明(Ken Tumin)表示,尽管目前全国平均储蓄率为0.07%,但一些银行已经在提高利率并提供更丰厚的收益率。

图明指出,一些网上银行和信用合作社“继续大幅提高存单利率,而且似乎还在加速提高存单利率”。存单利率很可能还会继续上升。一年期存单利率达到了2%,而长期存单利率达到了3%。

这些投资都无法让你跟上通货膨胀的步伐,5月份通货膨胀率达到了8.6%。但最好还是把应急资金存放在活期储蓄账户里,以便在需要时随时取用。

股市正在下跌

上本周早些时候,通胀和美联储加息幅度可能会超过预期的消息使标准普尔500指数正式进入熊市区域,该指数较1月份的峰值下跌逾20%。

这对依靠投资来支付开支的退休人员来说是很痛苦的。但年轻投资者不必过于担心。熊市经常发生;任何投资者能做的最糟糕的事情就是现在做出草率的决定,而这个决定他们以后会后悔。

“最重要的是不要恐慌,也不要因为恐慌而抛售。”注册理财规划师兼Bone Fide Wealth总裁道格拉斯·伯内帕斯(Douglas Boneparth)表示。

仔细确定优先事项

随着所有这些变化的发生,重新考虑和重新安排财务优先事项可能是有意义的。虽然在过去的两年里,在利率处于历史低位的情况下,买房可能颇具吸引力,但现在的情况可能大不相同。

如果偿还高息债务以前不是优先事项,那么现在绝对应该是。由于预计美联储将在今年继续加息,这些债务只会变得越来越高昂。尽快还清债务将会获得复利回报。(财富中文网)

译者:中慧言-王芳

你的信用卡债务变得略显高昂了。

美联储上周三将基准基金利率上调0.75个百分点,该项极其激进的举措旨在减轻通胀带来的持续影响。这是美联储今年第三次加息,也是近30年来最大幅度的一次加息。

许多专家原本预计美联储本周将加息0.5个百分点,美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔(Jerome Powell)在5月份的会议上表示,该机构并未考虑加息0.75个百分点。但随着5月份的通胀报告高于预期,央行加大加息力度,试图控制成本上升。

简单地说,从理论上讲,加息会抑制对商品和服务的需求,从而避免成本进一步上升。专家们预计,美联储将在年底前继续加息。

从储蓄到还债,美国人都将感受到加息给他们的财务生活带来的影响。以下情况是人们需要知道的。

债务将变得更加高昂

信用卡债务和其他浮动利率产品的利率可能会在未来几周和几个月内上升。自上次加息以来,贷款机构已经在提高信用卡年利率。

同样,汽车和房屋贷款的利率可能会继续攀升。如果不急用,那么在事态稳定下来之前推迟大额商品消费可能是有意义的。不过话说回来,如果你急着买房——因为你的房租也在上涨,而且你也准备好买房了——那么在利率进一步上涨之前,现在或尽快锁定利率可能是明智的。

储蓄率可能会提高

虽然债务成本在上升,但是未来几周和几个月,储蓄账户的年利率也可能会上升。经过数年微不足道的收益后,这对储户来说可能是一个福音。

专家表示,Ally等网上银行通常在提供更高利率方面比传统的实体银行行动更快。信用合作社(Credit unions)也在提供有竞争力的利率。追踪账户情况的DepositAccounts.com创始人肯·图明(Ken Tumin)表示,尽管目前全国平均储蓄率为0.07%,但一些银行已经在提高利率并提供更丰厚的收益率。

图明指出,一些网上银行和信用合作社“继续大幅提高存单利率,而且似乎还在加速提高存单利率”。存单利率很可能还会继续上升。一年期存单利率达到了2%,而长期存单利率达到了3%。

这些投资都无法让你跟上通货膨胀的步伐,5月份通货膨胀率达到了8.6%。但最好还是把应急资金存放在活期储蓄账户里,以便在需要时随时取用。

股市正在下跌

上本周早些时候,通胀和美联储加息幅度可能会超过预期的消息使标准普尔500指数正式进入熊市区域,该指数较1月份的峰值下跌逾20%。

这对依靠投资来支付开支的退休人员来说是很痛苦的。但年轻投资者不必过于担心。熊市经常发生;任何投资者能做的最糟糕的事情就是现在做出草率的决定,而这个决定他们以后会后悔。

“最重要的是不要恐慌,也不要因为恐慌而抛售。”注册理财规划师兼Bone Fide Wealth总裁道格拉斯·伯内帕斯(Douglas Boneparth)表示。

仔细确定优先事项

随着所有这些变化的发生,重新考虑和重新安排财务优先事项可能是有意义的。虽然在过去的两年里,在利率处于历史低位的情况下,买房可能颇具吸引力,但现在的情况可能大不相同。

如果偿还高息债务以前不是优先事项,那么现在绝对应该是。由于预计美联储将在今年继续加息,这些债务只会变得越来越高昂。尽快还清债务将会获得复利回报。(财富中文网)

译者:中慧言-王芳

Your credit card debt just got a little pricier.

The Federal Reserve hiked its benchmark funds rate by 0.75 percentage points Wednesday in an especially aggressive attempt to lessen inflation's persistent sting. It's the third interest rate increase this year and the highest rate hike in almost three decades.

Many experts originally expected a 0.50 percentage point increase this week, and Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell said at the May meeting that the agency was not considering a 0.75 hike. But with May's higher-than-expected inflation report, the central bank stepped up its efforts to try to tame rising costs.

To simplify the thinking: Higher interest rates theoretically dampen demand for goods and services, which in turn helps costs from spiraling further upward. Experts expect the Fed to continue raising rates through the end of the year.

Americans will feel the effects of this increase across their financial lives, from their savings accounts to debt repayments. Here's what to know.

Debt will get more expensive

The interest rate on credit card debt and other variable-rate products will likely increase in the coming weeks and months. Lenders have already been increasing credit card APRs since the previous rate hike.

Likewise, interest rates on car and home loans may keep climbing. If there's no rush on your end, it may make sense to put off larger purchases until things settle down. Then again, if you're in a rush to buy a home—because say, your rent is also rising and you're ready to move on—then it could be prudent to lock in a rate now, or as soon as possible, before they rise even more.

Savings rates may improve

While debt gets more expensive, savings account APYs may also rise in the coming weeks and months. After a few years of piddling returns, this can be a boon for savers.

Experts say online banks—like Ally—typically offer higher rates faster than traditional brick-and-mortar banks. Credit unions also offer competitive rates. Though the national average savings rate is currently 0.07%, some banks are already raising rates and offering more generous yields, according to Ken Tumin, the founder of DepositAccounts.com, who tracks account offerings.

Some online banks and credit unions "continue to aggressively increase their CD rates, and that appears to be accelerating," Tumin notes. It's likely those rates will continue to rise as well. Rates for some 1-year CDs are hitting 2%, while longer-term products are reaching 3%.

None of those options will help you keep up with inflation, which reached 8.6% in May. But it's still best to keep your emergency fund in a liquid savings account you can easily access when needed.

The stock market is falling

Inflation and news that the Fed might increase rates more than expected sent the S&P 500 officially into bear market territory earlier this week, with the index falling more than 20% from its peak in January.

That can be painful for retirees counting on their investments to cover their expenses. But younger investors need not worry too much. Bear markets happen regularly; the worst thing any investor can do is make rash decisions now they'll come to regret later.

“The most important thing is don't panic, and don't panic sell,” says Douglas Boneparth, certified financial planner and president of Bone Fide Wealth.

Prioritize carefully

With all of the changes happening, it might make sense to rethink and rearrange your financial priorities. While buying a house may have been attractive for the past two years with rates at record lows, the math could look very different now.

If paying off high-interest debt wasn't a priority before, it definitely should be now. With the Fed expected to keep increasing rates throughout the year, that debt will only get more and more expensive. Paying it off as soon as you can will have compounding returns.

财富中文网所刊载内容之知识产权为财富媒体知识产权有限公司及/或相关权利人专属所有或持有。未经许可,禁止进行转载、摘编、复制及建立镜像等任何使用。
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