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高通CEO如何带领公司转型成一家更加酷炫的科技巨头

PHIL WAHBA
2022-06-20

对于高通而言,好消息是会从所有趋势中受益。

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高通CEO克里斯提阿诺·安蒙。图片来源:由高通提供

苹果(Apple)、Meta Platforms和Alphabet等科技公司都是媒体和华尔街关注的焦点,频频见诸报端,而高通(Qualcomm)却一直非常低调。目前高通依旧如此,尽管这家无线技术公司正忙于业务改造,从一家历史上一直依赖手机支持技术的公司,转变成一家以元宇宙、自动驾驶汽车和物联网(IoT)等热门领域为核心支柱的公司。

高通总裁兼CEO克里斯提阿诺·安蒙是一名科班出身的工程师,自1995年起一直在高通任职。他在不到一年前上台后着手执行的策略是,充分利用未来几十年科技在我们生活中的主导地位。安蒙不喜欢跟风,但他表示,企业和人类使用技术的方式已经发生了改变,而疫情加快了改变的速度。例如,这意味着对物联网的需求将大幅增加。物联网在计算机和手机等设备彼此之间以及设备与云之间建立连接。

虽然许多人一说元宇宙,首先想到的是直播视频游戏或购物,但安蒙却从中发现了公司履行许多职能的一种实用途径,例如提供培训等。他说道,自动驾驶汽车不可能一夜之间成为主流,但即使普通汽车也需要高通的技术,而在自动驾驶创新站稳脚跟之后,需求还将进一步增长。到目前为止,安蒙的策略一直卓有成效:上一季度,高通的收入增长了41%,达到112亿美元,这主要来源于前景光明的物联网业务和汽车行业销售额的增长。

安蒙对《财富》杂志表示:“汽车行业将全面转型成为车轮上的联网计算机。未来的工作模式,将使家庭像企业一样转型;有许多趋势正在转变企业对科技的应用。对于高通而言,好消息是我们不会只是一种趋势的受益者,而是会从所有趋势中受益。”

虽然安蒙喜欢科技,但他依旧有一种健康的观点,认为科技并非生活的全部。他最大的爱好之一是维修上世纪70年代的旧肌肉车。这些车并没有今天的任何尖端技术,这或许正是安蒙喜欢它们的原因。

为明确起见,以下采访内容经过编辑和精简。

《财富》:您曾说过高通正在利用一场大规模社会数字化转型,制定下一个阶段的发展规划。社会到底正在发生什么样的转型?

克里斯提阿诺·安蒙:用最简单的话来说,那就是公司通过疫情意识到,他们需要进一步加强与人及其资产的联系。有一些颠覆性技术,例如用于分析数据和进行预测的人工智能技术等,正在不断提高对数据的需求,以实现智能化和网络化。在个人方面,我们已经看到了扩大数字接入的好处。关于技术发展以及虚拟现实、增强现实等技术(如果你喜欢也可以称呼它们为元宇宙),未来肯定会不断扩张。

随着技术的进步,您是否会担心数字鸿沟日益加深?

我认为,智能手机本身就是缩小数字鸿沟最有效的机制。解决数字鸿沟依靠的并不是“每个孩子一台笔记本电脑”,而是智能手机。在巴西等许多国家,人们通过智能手机首次访问互联网或者学习数字技能。无论如何,现在科技有更强大的能力增强人们之间的联系。在疫情期间,我们利用技术保持生产率:无论是孩子上学还是自己娱乐等都离不开技术。

Meta最近表示,元宇宙需要经历多年的发展和大量投入,而且元宇宙带来的机会是否真实存在依旧存在争议。高通正在大力开发元宇宙;您从中看到了哪些机会?

在开始谈论元宇宙之前,我认为有一种非常重要的科技趋势正在实实在在的发生,那就是物理空间与数字空间的联系。你看今天的手机,屏幕尺寸是一种人为的限制。如果我们不再受屏幕边界的限制,将会大有可为。事实上,随着科技的发展,5G网络带来了更快的网络连接速度。最终,计算平台可以从手机转移到眼镜。如果真正拥有了完全沉浸式的增强现实技术,你就可以做更多事情。

比如?

有一个非常具体的例子:在疫情期间,你看到协作工具变得非常流行。我们在参加Zoom会议时,都有这种体验。在元宇宙中可以执行开会这种简单的任务,你可以看到人们的全息影像,你也会有同样的体验。它将改变人们沟通的方式。在企业应用方面,你可以想想企业如何进行员工培训。你如何利用工具完成自己的工作?所以企业应用有广阔的市场。这些都是真实存在的,而且将带来大量商机。

高通在自动驾驶汽车领域同样押下重注,您如何看待这个领域?

汽车行业正在发生翻天覆地的变化。汽车已经变成了车轮上的联网计算机,因此需要大量新技术。汽车公司需要变成科技公司。将汽车连接到云平台之后,许多事情会随着汽车发生改变,例如媒体内容的传播;你还可以改变提供个性化驾驶体验的方式。许多人会购买手机支架,把手机放在仪表盘上。这是因为手机中有更多与你相关的信息。真正的机会是给每辆汽车添加辅助驾驶功能。为什么不能让辅助驾驶功能与安全气囊、ABS制动系统或者安全带一样,成为汽车的标配呢?

我认为,自动驾驶汽车会继续发展,但需要时间。完全自动驾驶汽车首先将被用于特种车辆,例如快递车。有了完全自动驾驶技术,你只需要安心在后座休息,但距离这个目标真正实现需要一些时间。

芯片荒让美国产业陷入动荡,现在是一种什么状况?

如果说芯片供应链危机带来了一点好处,那就是让人们认识到芯片的重要性。我们在年初曾经说过,到2022年下半年,芯片供需关系将更加平衡。我们很早就采取了措施,与供应商合作投资扩大产能。

美国是否会增加芯片生产?

很有可能。《美国芯片法案》(U.S. Chips Act)的目的就是增加国内芯片生产。《美国芯片法案》作为《美国创新与竞争法案》(U.S. Innovation and Competition Act)的一部分,提出美国联邦政府将投资520亿美元用于国内半导体研发、设计和生产。未来十年,我们的全球半导体产量必须翻一番。这为我们提高地域分布的多样化和增强供应链的可靠性创造了机会。

我们来谈谈高通投资的另外一个重点领域物联网。我们真的需要万物互联吗?我真的有必要将洗碗机连接到手机吗?

关键不在于将其连接到手机,以便于你远程操控。以家电为例,关键在于将家电连接到其制造商,从而为制造商提供宝贵的信息,例如你如何使用家电、家电的磨损程度以及你可能遇到问题的情况等。还是以汽车为例,现在汽车可以连接到汽车厂商。你在驾驶汽车的过程中,我们将在云平台建立汽车的数字分身,我们将知道你如何使用这辆车,并在汽车真正出现问题之前,判断出哪些部分需要进行预防性维护。

高通是一家成熟的公司,致力于提供实用的产品,并不像其他许多大型科技公司的产品那样炫酷或者富有争议。高通此次大规模转型可能并没有引起太多关注,这是否让您感到困扰?

高通的独特之处在于我们开发的技术,以及围绕它形成的生态系统。这是高通与手机行业的合作模式,也将是未来高通与汽车行业的合作模式。我们不会只是一种趋势的受益者,而是会从所有趋势中受益。

居家办公增加了家庭对技术的需求,这是否对公司有所帮助?

在居家办公期间,家变成了企业的一部分。所以我们看到,许多人在疫情期间升级了宽带。事实上,人们正在家中创建企业品质的Wi-Fi网络。你还希望家中每个角落都能保持网络畅通,这进一步普及了Wi-Fi网状网络技术。

您最大的爱好之一是维修不含任何现代科技元素的老爷车。它的吸引力何在?

我喜欢20世纪70年代的汽车。我有两个汽车修复项目,希望很快能够完成。我记得以前看到70年代的肌肉车,简直爱不释手。我想这是我的中年危机。

关于安蒙:

• 他喜欢维修老爷车,目前正在维修一辆雪佛兰(Chevrolet)Opala(专门针对安蒙的祖国巴西生产的汽车)。

• 安蒙是一名武术爱好者,练习松涛馆流空手道。

• 安蒙于1995年加入高通。最初担任工程师,之后从事领导岗位,曾主导高通5G策略的制定,规划进军汽车等新行业的多元化经营策略以及在网络等领域开展收购等。(财富中文网)

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

苹果(Apple)、Meta Platforms和Alphabet等科技公司都是媒体和华尔街关注的焦点,频频见诸报端,而高通(Qualcomm)却一直非常低调。目前高通依旧如此,尽管这家无线技术公司正忙于业务改造,从一家历史上一直依赖手机支持技术的公司,转变成一家以元宇宙、自动驾驶汽车和物联网(IoT)等热门领域为核心支柱的公司。

高通总裁兼CEO克里斯提阿诺·安蒙是一名科班出身的工程师,自1995年起一直在高通任职。他在不到一年前上台后着手执行的策略是,充分利用未来几十年科技在我们生活中的主导地位。安蒙不喜欢跟风,但他表示,企业和人类使用技术的方式已经发生了改变,而疫情加快了改变的速度。例如,这意味着对物联网的需求将大幅增加。物联网在计算机和手机等设备彼此之间以及设备与云之间建立连接。

虽然许多人一说元宇宙,首先想到的是直播视频游戏或购物,但安蒙却从中发现了公司履行许多职能的一种实用途径,例如提供培训等。他说道,自动驾驶汽车不可能一夜之间成为主流,但即使普通汽车也需要高通的技术,而在自动驾驶创新站稳脚跟之后,需求还将进一步增长。到目前为止,安蒙的策略一直卓有成效:上一季度,高通的收入增长了41%,达到112亿美元,这主要来源于前景光明的物联网业务和汽车行业销售额的增长。

安蒙对《财富》杂志表示:“汽车行业将全面转型成为车轮上的联网计算机。未来的工作模式,将使家庭像企业一样转型;有许多趋势正在转变企业对科技的应用。对于高通而言,好消息是我们不会只是一种趋势的受益者,而是会从所有趋势中受益。”

虽然安蒙喜欢科技,但他依旧有一种健康的观点,认为科技并非生活的全部。他最大的爱好之一是维修上世纪70年代的旧肌肉车。这些车并没有今天的任何尖端技术,这或许正是安蒙喜欢它们的原因。

为明确起见,以下采访内容经过编辑和精简。

《财富》:您曾说过高通正在利用一场大规模社会数字化转型,制定下一个阶段的发展规划。社会到底正在发生什么样的转型?

克里斯提阿诺·安蒙:用最简单的话来说,那就是公司通过疫情意识到,他们需要进一步加强与人及其资产的联系。有一些颠覆性技术,例如用于分析数据和进行预测的人工智能技术等,正在不断提高对数据的需求,以实现智能化和网络化。在个人方面,我们已经看到了扩大数字接入的好处。关于技术发展以及虚拟现实、增强现实等技术(如果你喜欢也可以称呼它们为元宇宙),未来肯定会不断扩张。

随着技术的进步,您是否会担心数字鸿沟日益加深?

我认为,智能手机本身就是缩小数字鸿沟最有效的机制。解决数字鸿沟依靠的并不是“每个孩子一台笔记本电脑”,而是智能手机。在巴西等许多国家,人们通过智能手机首次访问互联网或者学习数字技能。无论如何,现在科技有更强大的能力增强人们之间的联系。在疫情期间,我们利用技术保持生产率:无论是孩子上学还是自己娱乐等都离不开技术。

Meta最近表示,元宇宙需要经历多年的发展和大量投入,而且元宇宙带来的机会是否真实存在依旧存在争议。高通正在大力开发元宇宙;您从中看到了哪些机会?

在开始谈论元宇宙之前,我认为有一种非常重要的科技趋势正在实实在在的发生,那就是物理空间与数字空间的联系。你看今天的手机,屏幕尺寸是一种人为的限制。如果我们不再受屏幕边界的限制,将会大有可为。事实上,随着科技的发展,5G网络带来了更快的网络连接速度。最终,计算平台可以从手机转移到眼镜。如果真正拥有了完全沉浸式的增强现实技术,你就可以做更多事情。

比如?

有一个非常具体的例子:在疫情期间,你看到协作工具变得非常流行。我们在参加Zoom会议时,都有这种体验。在元宇宙中可以执行开会这种简单的任务,你可以看到人们的全息影像,你也会有同样的体验。它将改变人们沟通的方式。在企业应用方面,你可以想想企业如何进行员工培训。你如何利用工具完成自己的工作?所以企业应用有广阔的市场。这些都是真实存在的,而且将带来大量商机。

高通在自动驾驶汽车领域同样押下重注,您如何看待这个领域?

汽车行业正在发生翻天覆地的变化。汽车已经变成了车轮上的联网计算机,因此需要大量新技术。汽车公司需要变成科技公司。将汽车连接到云平台之后,许多事情会随着汽车发生改变,例如媒体内容的传播;你还可以改变提供个性化驾驶体验的方式。许多人会购买手机支架,把手机放在仪表盘上。这是因为手机中有更多与你相关的信息。真正的机会是给每辆汽车添加辅助驾驶功能。为什么不能让辅助驾驶功能与安全气囊、ABS制动系统或者安全带一样,成为汽车的标配呢?

我认为,自动驾驶汽车会继续发展,但需要时间。完全自动驾驶汽车首先将被用于特种车辆,例如快递车。有了完全自动驾驶技术,你只需要安心在后座休息,但距离这个目标真正实现需要一些时间。

芯片荒让美国产业陷入动荡,现在是一种什么状况?

如果说芯片供应链危机带来了一点好处,那就是让人们认识到芯片的重要性。我们在年初曾经说过,到2022年下半年,芯片供需关系将更加平衡。我们很早就采取了措施,与供应商合作投资扩大产能。

美国是否会增加芯片生产?

很有可能。《美国芯片法案》(U.S. Chips Act)的目的就是增加国内芯片生产。《美国芯片法案》作为《美国创新与竞争法案》(U.S. Innovation and Competition Act)的一部分,提出美国联邦政府将投资520亿美元用于国内半导体研发、设计和生产。未来十年,我们的全球半导体产量必须翻一番。这为我们提高地域分布的多样化和增强供应链的可靠性创造了机会。

我们来谈谈高通投资的另外一个重点领域物联网。我们真的需要万物互联吗?我真的有必要将洗碗机连接到手机吗?

关键不在于将其连接到手机,以便于你远程操控。以家电为例,关键在于将家电连接到其制造商,从而为制造商提供宝贵的信息,例如你如何使用家电、家电的磨损程度以及你可能遇到问题的情况等。还是以汽车为例,现在汽车可以连接到汽车厂商。你在驾驶汽车的过程中,我们将在云平台建立汽车的数字分身,我们将知道你如何使用这辆车,并在汽车真正出现问题之前,判断出哪些部分需要进行预防性维护。

高通是一家成熟的公司,致力于提供实用的产品,并不像其他许多大型科技公司的产品那样炫酷或者富有争议。高通此次大规模转型可能并没有引起太多关注,这是否让您感到困扰?

高通的独特之处在于我们开发的技术,以及围绕它形成的生态系统。这是高通与手机行业的合作模式,也将是未来高通与汽车行业的合作模式。我们不会只是一种趋势的受益者,而是会从所有趋势中受益。

居家办公增加了家庭对技术的需求,这是否对公司有所帮助?

在居家办公期间,家变成了企业的一部分。所以我们看到,许多人在疫情期间升级了宽带。事实上,人们正在家中创建企业品质的Wi-Fi网络。你还希望家中每个角落都能保持网络畅通,这进一步普及了Wi-Fi网状网络技术。

您最大的爱好之一是维修不含任何现代科技元素的老爷车。它的吸引力何在?

我喜欢20世纪70年代的汽车。我有两个汽车修复项目,希望很快能够完成。我记得以前看到70年代的肌肉车,简直爱不释手。我想这是我的中年危机。

关于安蒙:

• 他喜欢维修老爷车,目前正在维修一辆雪佛兰(Chevrolet)Opala(专门针对安蒙的祖国巴西生产的汽车)。

• 安蒙是一名武术爱好者,练习松涛馆流空手道。

• 安蒙于1995年加入高通。最初担任工程师,之后从事领导岗位,曾主导高通5G策略的制定,规划进军汽车等新行业的多元化经营策略以及在网络等领域开展收购等。(财富中文网)

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

While headline-grabbing tech companies like Apple, Meta Platforms, and Alphabet get enormous amounts of attention from the press and Wall Street, Qualcomm has often operated quietly under the radar. That’s still true today, even as the wireless-technology company is busy reinventing its business from one historically reliant on technology supporting cell phones to one central to hot areas like the metaverse, self-driving cars, and the Internet of Things (IoT).

Qualcomm president and CEO Cristiano Amon, an engineer by training who’s been with the company since 1995, took the reins just under a year ago, setting about implementing a strategy to take advantage of how much more tech will dominate our lives in the coming decades. He is not one to jump on fads, but he says the pandemic accelerated changes already underway in how companies, and humans in general, use tech. That will mean, for instance, greater need for its IoT technology that connects computers and phones to the cloud and to each other.

While many people think of live video games or shopping when they think of the metaverse, Amon sees in this new area a practical way for corporations to conduct many functions—offering training, for instance. Self-driving cars won't be mainstream tomorrow, he says, but even regular automobiles need his technology, and will so to a greater extent once autonomous-driving innovations take root. So far, Amon’s strategy is working: Qualcomm’s revenue was up 41% last quarter to $11.2 billion, led by gains in its promising IoT business and sales to the automotive industry.

“You’ll have the complete transformation of the automotive industry into connected computers on wheels,” Amon tells Fortune. “You have the enterprise transformation in the home because of the future of work; you have the trends transforming enterprise use. And what’s good about Qualcomm is we’re not just a company that is going to benefit from one trend, we’re going to benefit from all of it.”

Still, while Amon loves tech, he also has a healthy view that it’s not everything in life. One of his big hobbies is fixing old muscle cars from the 1970s. Those models don’t have anything near today’s sophisticated technology—which may be precisely why Amon loves them.

This interview has been edited and condensed for clarity.

Fortune: You’ve said Qualcomm is leveraging a major social digital transformation to plot its next chapter. How is society transforming exactly?

Cristiano Amon: In its most simplistic form, companies realized through the pandemic they needed to better connect with people, and they are also connecting their assets. You have some disruptive technology, such as artificial intelligence, which is really about analyzing data and making predictions, that is driving a lot of need for data for things to be intelligent and connected. On the personal side, we have already seen the benefits of greater digital access. As we look at technology development and things like virtual reality, augmented reality—you can use the term metaverse, if you like—it’s going to really expand.

Do you ever worry about a deepening digital divide as tech advances?

I would argue that the smartphone itself has been the greatest mechanism to actually bridge the digital divide. It wasn’t “one laptop per child” that did that. It was the smartphone. In many countries like Brazil, people had access to the internet or learned digital skills for the very first time on their smartphone. If anything, technology now has a greater ability to connect people. During the pandemic, that’s how we remained productive: Kids went to school, we entertained ourselves, and so forth.

Meta recently said the metaverse would cost it a lot of money for a few years, and there is debate out there about how real an opportunity this is. Qualcomm is placing a big bet on the metaverse; what do you see there?

Before you start talking about the metaverse, I think there is a very big technology trend that is real and is happening: the connection between physical and digital spaces. If you look at phones today, the screen size is an artificial limit. There’s a lot more you can do if you’re not limited by the bounds of the screen. And the reality is as technology develops, you have much faster connectivity with 5G. You can actually move the computing platform eventually from this to glasses. There is a lot more that you can do if you actually have a fully immersive, augmented reality.

Like what?

Here’s a very concrete example: During the pandemic, you saw how collaboration tools became very popular. When we are all in a Zoom meeting, we all have the same experience. So in the metaverse, you can have something as simple as having a meeting where you can see holograms of the person, and you have this same exact experience. It’s going to change communications. If you’re thinking of an enterprise application, for example, you can look into how do you train people. How do you actually have tools to do your job? So the applications are really large. It’s not only real, but it’s going to be a significant opportunity.

What about self-driving cars, another area where Qualcomm has placed a big bet?

The car is being completely transformed. The car has already become a connected computer on wheels, and with that, there has really been a need for a lot of new technologies. Car companies needed to become tech companies. Once you connect the car to the cloud, a lot of things change with that car: the distribution of media content; you can change how you personalize the driver experience. You see a lot of people buy holders and put their phone in the dashboard. And it’s because there’s more information in that phone that is relevant to you. The real opportunity is to bring assisted driving capabilities to every car. Why shouldn’t it be any different from airbags, ABS brakes, or seat belts?

I think autonomous driving is going to develop, but it’s going to take time. Fully autonomous vehicles that you’re going to see first will likely be for specialty vehicles like delivery vehicles. To get to the point that you actually have fully autonomous driving, that you’re just going to sit in the back seat and take a nap, that’s going to take some time.

Where are we in the chip shortage saga that has been roiling U.S. industry?

If there’s a silver lining to the chip supply-chain crisis, it’s that people understand the chips are important. We said at the beginning of the year that toward the second half of 2022, we will see a much more balanced demand-supply equation. We took action early in the process in terms of working with suppliers to coinvest in expansion of capacity.

Could there be more chip manufacturing in the U.S.?

This is very possible. That’s what the U.S. Chips Act [part of the U.S. Innovation and Competition Act, which includes $52 billion in federal investments for domestic semiconductor research, design, and manufacturing] is designed to do. Within the next decade, we’re going to have to double the global throughputs of semiconductors. So it creates opportunities for a geographically diversified and more reliable supply chain.

Let’s talk a bit about the Internet of Things, another big bet for Qualcomm. Do we really need everything to be connected? Do I really need my dishwasher to be connected to my phone?

It’s not about connecting to the phone so you can operate it remotely. But rather it’s about that appliance, for example, being connected to its maker, and providing valuable information about how you use it, the wear and tear, and about where you’re probably going to have a problem. Going back to the automotive example, your car now is connected to its manufacturer. So as you drive your car, we’re building a digital twin of your car in the cloud, know exactly how you use it, and what is likely to be required for preventive maintenance before you have a problem.

Qualcomm is an established company offering practical products, and arguably not as sexy, or controversial, as a lot of the other big names in tech. Does that ever bother you, that people might not pay Qualcomm much mind as you make this big pivot?

What’s unique about Qualcomm is the technologies that we develop, and you see an ecosystem forming around it. That was the story of Qualcomm and phones. It’s going to be the story of Qualcomm and automotive. We’re not just a company that is going to benefit from one trend, we’re going to benefit from all of it.

Is work from home helping business as people need to have more technology in their homes?

As you’re working from home, the home is now part of the enterprise. So what we see now is that a lot of people during the pandemic upgraded their broadband. The reality is people are building enterprise quality Wi-Fi networks in their home. Also you want to be connected in any part of your home, and that is driving a lot of Wi-Fi mesh.

One of your big hobbies is fixing old cars with no modern tech to speak of. What’s the appeal?

I love cars from the ’70s. I have two car restoration projects, and hopefully they will be done soon. I have memories of looking at ’70s muscle cars, and I really liked them. I guess that’s my midlife crisis.

*****

Get to know Amon:

• He loves to fix classic cars and is currently working on a Chevrolet Opala (a car made specifically for Brazil, Amon’s country of origin).

• A martial arts enthusiast, Amon practices Shotokan karate.

• Amon has been with Qualcomm since 1995. He began as an engineer before taking on leadership positions that have involved spearheading Qualcomm’s 5G strategy, mapping out the company’s diversification into new industries like automotive, and making acquisitions in areas like networking.

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