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美国年轻人的“畸形金钱观”:Z世代的“攀比之风”

JANE THIER
2024-02-01

69%的金钱焦虑受访者表示,他们认为自己永远不会变得富有,95%的受访者表示,他们因痴迷金钱而对自己的财务状况产生了负面影响。

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图片来源:MILAN MARKOVIC - GETTY IMAGES

这种攀比之风如今尤其难以避免。我们从未如此深入地了解其他人在做什么,更重要的是,他们在购买什么物品。任何拥有iPhone的人都可以通过“查找我的朋友”追踪他人的动向,在浏览Instagram后嫉妒他人的度假方式,在使用Snap后感到“错失恐惧症”(FOMO),在LinkedIn上羡慕别人的职业。

所有这些社交媒体的综合作用正在造成负面影响,即使是对功成名就的成年人来说亦是如此:根据Intuit Credit Karma最近的一项调查,近一半(45%)的Z世代和千禧一代对跻身富人阶层的想法痴迷不已。更糟糕的是,这种想法似乎遥不可及。48%的Z世代受访者告诉Intuit Credit Karma,他们觉得自己财务状况落后;59%的千禧一代也这么认为。

这种痴迷,以及由此产生的表现不佳的感觉,导致人们忽视自己的实际财务状况,最终形成了Intuit Credit Karma所称的“畸形金钱观”。调查发现,尽管他们实际上可能相当富裕,但“对自己财务状况的扭曲看法,可能会导致他们做出错误的决定”,这种情况在不同财务稳定程度的人群中都有发生。在承认正与畸形金钱观作斗争的受访者中,近40%的人表示他们至少有1万美元的存款;其中23%的人拥有超过3万美元的存款,远远高于美国储蓄账户余额的中位数。正如Credit Karma所指出的,美国储蓄账户余额的中位数刚刚超过5,000美元

在心理学中,“畸形”最常用来指那些对自己的身体进行非理性批评的患者。金融治疗师林赛·布莱恩-波德文(Lindsay Bryan-Podvin)最近告诉生活骇客网站(Lifehacker),畸形财务观并不是严格意义上的临床术语,它更像是“认知失调”,是指感觉到自己的现状与应该达到的目标之间存在差距。

Credit Karma的调查显示,无论如何,这种想要跟上富人步伐的心态对心理健康产生了不利影响。69%有畸形金钱观的受访者表示,他们认为自己永远不会变得富有,95%的受访者表示,他们因痴迷金钱而对自己的财务状况产生了负面影响。这种执念阻碍了他们积累储蓄、买房或投资,反而导致他们超支,甚至背负更多债务。

畸形金钱观如此突出不足为奇:对于许多千禧一代,尤其是Z世代来说,财务稳定从未像现在这样遥不可及。对于40岁以下的员工来说,积累任何数量的财富都困难重重,他们不得不承担历史性的住房负担能力危机、一到两次金融危机、沉重的学生债务、停滞不前的最低工资,以及创纪录的高通胀和不断膨胀的育儿成本。

然而,尽管面临这些非常现实的艰苦斗争,员工们对生活必需品的把握和价值观却始终存在偏差。根据2023年Bankrate的一项调查,普通美国人认为他们需要每年赚23.3万美元才能感到财务舒适,这比美国人口普查局(Census Bureau)2021年普通全职员工的平均收入75,203美元高出310%。要让受访者感到富有,而不仅仅是财务舒适,他们需要赚取两倍于此的收入:483,000美元。

Bankrate高级经济分析师马克·哈姆里克(Mark Hamrick)在报告中写道:过得舒适更可能意味着:有能力支付日常开支,并有一点余钱偶尔‘挥霍’一下。"通常情况下,人们幻想着跻身‘富人阶层’,但大多数人都渴望得过且过,或者实现比这更好一点的财务状况。”

专心看自己的试卷

“畸形金钱观有点像当今版本的攀比之风。”Credit Karma的消费理财倡导者考特尼·阿列夫(Courtney Alev)在报告中写道。“很多人都在审视自己的财务状况,并将自己与同龄人、社交媒体上的人甚至名人进行比较,这让他们产生一种比上不足的感觉。”

阿列夫接着说,摆脱畸形金钱观的唯一方法是依靠确凿的数据:密切关注自己的财务状况,评估自己的目标,并制定切实可行的计划来实现这些目标。此外,尽量减少将自己的财务状况与他人进行比较的时间也很管用,这是因为他人往往也背负着沉重的隐性债务。

“社交媒体和名人文化会加剧畸形金钱观,原因是我们看到人们过着光鲜亮丽的生活,挥金如土。”Touchdown Money创始人斯科特·利伯曼(Scott Lieberman)告诉GoBankingRates。“但话又说回来,我们不知道他们是如何得到这笔钱的,也不知道他们积累了多少债务。”

幸运的是,为了优先考虑自己的财务状况,受访者对与朋友断绝关系并不太在意。去年夏天,Credit Karma的一项调查发现,三分之一的人表示,他们曾与财务决策与自己不一致的人断绝了友谊。(财富中文网)

译者:中慧言-王芳

这种攀比之风如今尤其难以避免。我们从未如此深入地了解其他人在做什么,更重要的是,他们在购买什么物品。任何拥有iPhone的人都可以通过“查找我的朋友”追踪他人的动向,在浏览Instagram后嫉妒他人的度假方式,在使用Snap后感到“错失恐惧症”(FOMO),在LinkedIn上羡慕别人的职业。

所有这些社交媒体的综合作用正在造成负面影响,即使是对功成名就的成年人来说亦是如此:根据Intuit Credit Karma最近的一项调查,近一半(45%)的Z世代和千禧一代对跻身富人阶层的想法痴迷不已。更糟糕的是,这种想法似乎遥不可及。48%的Z世代受访者告诉Intuit Credit Karma,他们觉得自己财务状况落后;59%的千禧一代也这么认为。

这种痴迷,以及由此产生的表现不佳的感觉,导致人们忽视自己的实际财务状况,最终形成了Intuit Credit Karma所称的“畸形金钱观”。调查发现,尽管他们实际上可能相当富裕,但“对自己财务状况的扭曲看法,可能会导致他们做出错误的决定”,这种情况在不同财务稳定程度的人群中都有发生。在承认正与畸形金钱观作斗争的受访者中,近40%的人表示他们至少有1万美元的存款;其中23%的人拥有超过3万美元的存款,远远高于美国储蓄账户余额的中位数。正如Credit Karma所指出的,美国储蓄账户余额的中位数刚刚超过5,000美元

在心理学中,“畸形”最常用来指那些对自己的身体进行非理性批评的患者。金融治疗师林赛·布莱恩-波德文(Lindsay Bryan-Podvin)最近告诉生活骇客网站(Lifehacker),畸形财务观并不是严格意义上的临床术语,它更像是“认知失调”,是指感觉到自己的现状与应该达到的目标之间存在差距。

Credit Karma的调查显示,无论如何,这种想要跟上富人步伐的心态对心理健康产生了不利影响。69%有畸形金钱观的受访者表示,他们认为自己永远不会变得富有,95%的受访者表示,他们因痴迷金钱而对自己的财务状况产生了负面影响。这种执念阻碍了他们积累储蓄、买房或投资,反而导致他们超支,甚至背负更多债务。

畸形金钱观如此突出不足为奇:对于许多千禧一代,尤其是Z世代来说,财务稳定从未像现在这样遥不可及。对于40岁以下的员工来说,积累任何数量的财富都困难重重,他们不得不承担历史性的住房负担能力危机、一到两次金融危机、沉重的学生债务、停滞不前的最低工资,以及创纪录的高通胀和不断膨胀的育儿成本。

然而,尽管面临这些非常现实的艰苦斗争,员工们对生活必需品的把握和价值观却始终存在偏差。根据2023年Bankrate的一项调查,普通美国人认为他们需要每年赚23.3万美元才能感到财务舒适,这比美国人口普查局(Census Bureau)2021年普通全职员工的平均收入75,203美元高出310%。要让受访者感到富有,而不仅仅是财务舒适,他们需要赚取两倍于此的收入:483,000美元。

Bankrate高级经济分析师马克·哈姆里克(Mark Hamrick)在报告中写道:过得舒适更可能意味着:有能力支付日常开支,并有一点余钱偶尔‘挥霍’一下。"通常情况下,人们幻想着跻身‘富人阶层’,但大多数人都渴望得过且过,或者实现比这更好一点的财务状况。”

专心看自己的试卷

“畸形金钱观有点像当今版本的攀比之风。”Credit Karma的消费理财倡导者考特尼·阿列夫(Courtney Alev)在报告中写道。“很多人都在审视自己的财务状况,并将自己与同龄人、社交媒体上的人甚至名人进行比较,这让他们产生一种比上不足的感觉。”

阿列夫接着说,摆脱畸形金钱观的唯一方法是依靠确凿的数据:密切关注自己的财务状况,评估自己的目标,并制定切实可行的计划来实现这些目标。此外,尽量减少将自己的财务状况与他人进行比较的时间也很管用,这是因为他人往往也背负着沉重的隐性债务。

“社交媒体和名人文化会加剧畸形金钱观,原因是我们看到人们过着光鲜亮丽的生活,挥金如土。”Touchdown Money创始人斯科特·利伯曼(Scott Lieberman)告诉GoBankingRates。“但话又说回来,我们不知道他们是如何得到这笔钱的,也不知道他们积累了多少债务。”

幸运的是,为了优先考虑自己的财务状况,受访者对与朋友断绝关系并不太在意。去年夏天,Credit Karma的一项调查发现,三分之一的人表示,他们曾与财务决策与自己不一致的人断绝了友谊。(财富中文网)

译者:中慧言-王芳

The comparison game is especially difficult to avoid playing these days. We’ve never had more insights into what other people are doing—and more important, buying. Anyone with an iPhone can track movements on Find My Friends, get vacation envy on Instagram, feel FOMO on Snap, and have career envy via LinkedIn.

The combined forces of all that social media are taking their toll, even for successful, established adults: Per a recent Intuit Credit Karma survey, nearly half (45%) of Gen Zers and millennials are obsessed with the idea of being rich. Worse yet, that idea feels perennially out of reach. Forty-eight percent of Gen Zers told Intuit Credit Karma they feel behind financially; 59% of millennials said the same.

This obsession—and resultant feeling of underperformance—has led people to lose sight of the actual state of their finances, culminating in what Intuit Credit Karma dubs “money dysmorphia.” This condition, of having “a distorted view of one’s finances that could lead them to make poor decisions,” occurs among people of all levels of financial stability, the survey finds, despite how well off they may actually be. Nearly 40% of the survey respondents who admitted to struggling with money dysmorphia said they had at least $10,000 in savings; 23% of the group had over $30,000—significantly above the median savings account balance, which, as Credit Karma pointed out, is just over $5,000 in the U.S.

In psychology, “dysmorphia” is most often used to refer to patients who feel irrationally critical about their bodies. Financial dysmorphia isn’t strictly a clinical term—it’s more like “cognitive dissonance,” feeling a gap between where you are and where you should be, financial therapist Lindsay Bryan-Podvin told Lifehacker recently.

But regardless, this feeling of needing to keeping up with the richies is having a detrimental effect on mental health, Credit Karma’s survey shows. Sixty-nine percent of money-dysmorphic respondents said they don’t think they’ll ever be rich, and 95% say their obsession negatively impacts their finances. The preoccupation has held them back from accruing savings, buying a home or investing, and instead has led them to overspend and even take on additional debt.

It’s no wonder money dysmorphia is so prominent: Financial stability has never felt further out of reach for many millennials and Gen Zers in particular. Building up any amount of wealth has been fraught for under-40 workers who have had to shoulder the burden of historic housing unaffordability, a financial crisis or two, crushing student debt, and a stagnated minimum wage against record-high inflation and ballooning childcare costs.

But despite these very real uphill battles, workers’ sense of necessity and values are consistently skewed. According to a 2023 Bankrate survey, the average American feels they need to make $233,000 a year to feel comfortable—310% more than the $75,203 the average full-time worker earned in 2021, per the Census Bureau. For respondents to feel wealthy—more than simply comfortable—they need to earn twice that: $483,000.

Comfort is largely defined by the ability to shell out for occasional luxuries while also keeping up with monthly expenses, Bankrate senior economic analyst Mark Hamrick wrote in the report. “Typically, people fantasize about the notion of getting ‘rich,’ but most aspire to get by or a bit better than that.”

Keep your eyes on your own paper

“Money dysmorphia is kind of like today’s version of keeping up with the Joneses,” Courtney Alev, a consumer financial advocate at Credit Karma, wrote in the report. “A lot of people are examining their finances and comparing themselves to their peers, people on social media, and even celebrities, which is bringing up feelings of inadequacy.”

The only way out of money dysmorphia, Alev went on, is relying on the hard data: Keeping a close eye on your own finances, assessing your goals, and making a realistic plan to work toward them. Also useful would be minimizing your time comparing your situation to that of others—who are often in mountains of hidden debt themselves.

“Social media and celebrity culture can exacerbate money dysmorphia, because we’re seeing images of people living glamorous lives spending money,” Scott Lieberman, founder of Touchdown Money, told GoBankingRates. “But then again, we don’t know the truth as to how they got that money and how much debt they’ve accumulated.”

Luckily, respondents aren’t too precious about cutting friends off in order to prioritize their own finances. A Credit Karma survey from last summer found that a third of people said they’ve ended friendships with people whose financial decisions don’t align with theirs.

财富中文网所刊载内容之知识产权为财富媒体知识产权有限公司及/或相关权利人专属所有或持有。未经许可,禁止进行转载、摘编、复制及建立镜像等任何使用。
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