首页 500强 活动 榜单 商业 科技 领导力 专题 品牌中心
杂志订阅

为了维持生计,许多美国人不得不从事副业

CHLOE BERGER
2024-04-09

工资增长的速度跟不上生活成本的增长速度。

文本设置
小号
默认
大号
Plus(0条)

许多美国人发现不得不寻找一份副业,才能维持生计。图片来源:IVAN PANTIC—GETTY IMAGES

你以前或许听说过从事副业大获成功的故事。我们经常听说的故事是,一个似乎永远只喝红牛和吃能量棒的人,宣称自己“把对制作保温瓶的热情变成了年收入六位数的Instagram业务”,或者“把放鞋盒的车库改造成豪华AirBnB民宿”。

事实上,大多数人都有一份副业,但这并不是因为咖啡因刺激下的激情。更确切地说,这是因为许多人在当前的经济环境下,仅靠一个收入来源根本难以为继。

这是近期出现的一种趋势,据MarketWatch Guides团队的一项研究显示,过去一年,有54%的美国人新增了一份副业“作为其主要收入来源的补充”。该商业资讯网站对2,000位美国人的调查发现,许多人之所以从事副业,只是为了维持生计。

虽然通胀近期有所回落,但过去几年,工资增长速度却跟不上生活成本的增长速度。由于生产力提高,但平均工人工资的增长速度相对缓慢,因此人们依旧感受到无法积累财富的痛苦。这导致66%的美国人宣称正在依靠工资维持生计,其中有57%表示他们从事副业以补充收入。

在许多行业,一份工资不足以维持舒适的生活,同时还能有剩余资金投入储蓄账户,以支持未来支出。斯蒂法妮·P.是一名老师,这是一个传统的低收入行业。她对EducationWeek表示自己不得不找了一份大学讲师的兼职工作。她在2022年说道:“我别无选择,只能这样做。我的第二份工作可以帮我偿还房贷。在除了工资一切都在涨价的经济环境下,我只能想方设法维持生存。”

不得不从事兼职的Z世代

不出意外的是,年轻人在经济上更加脆弱,因此他们更有可能从事第二职业。Z世代和千禧一代的处境与长辈们不同,他们要面对暴涨的房价、不合时宜的经济衰退和动荡的经济,这使得他们的储蓄减少,而学生贷款增加。因此,Z世代最有可能从事两份工作(比例为71%),其次是千禧一代(68%),X世代的比例为48%,而婴儿潮一代的比例只有32%。

事实上,年轻人更加努力,在财务上却依旧感觉不安。美国银行(Bank of America)的分析发现,这些副业并没有真正解决问题,因为年轻人虽然更加努力,但依旧没有太多可自由支配的收入。

美国银行研究所(Bank of America Institute)的经济学家、报告的作者安娜·周对《财富》杂志表示:“相对于较年长的群体,年轻人感觉受到的束缚相对更多。”她认为,劳动力市场强劲,但“年轻人相对脆弱”。

有些人不仅仅是因为收入低才选择从事副业:48%不依赖工资维持生计的受访者选择从事副业。目前可能正在发生的一种情况是,在一些行业集中裁员期间,随着公司与员工之间的信任减弱,人们正在寻求额外的稳定性。

但即使从事副业,努力工作的美国人依旧感觉自己的财务状况不稳定。而本就已经很脆弱的群体处境更加艰难,因为从事副业的群体比不从事副业的群体更有可能依赖工资维持生计。虽然有额外的收入来源,但44%从事副业的群体在财务上依旧缺乏安全感。无论是否从事副业,美国人面临的主要障碍都是高生活成本和收入不足。副业似乎根本无法缓解当前的经济压力。(财富中文网)

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

你以前或许听说过从事副业大获成功的故事。我们经常听说的故事是,一个似乎永远只喝红牛和吃能量棒的人,宣称自己“把对制作保温瓶的热情变成了年收入六位数的Instagram业务”,或者“把放鞋盒的车库改造成豪华AirBnB民宿”。

事实上,大多数人都有一份副业,但这并不是因为咖啡因刺激下的激情。更确切地说,这是因为许多人在当前的经济环境下,仅靠一个收入来源根本难以为继。

这是近期出现的一种趋势,据MarketWatch Guides团队的一项研究显示,过去一年,有54%的美国人新增了一份副业“作为其主要收入来源的补充”。该商业资讯网站对2,000位美国人的调查发现,许多人之所以从事副业,只是为了维持生计。

虽然通胀近期有所回落,但过去几年,工资增长速度却跟不上生活成本的增长速度。由于生产力提高,但平均工人工资的增长速度相对缓慢,因此人们依旧感受到无法积累财富的痛苦。这导致66%的美国人宣称正在依靠工资维持生计,其中有57%表示他们从事副业以补充收入。

在许多行业,一份工资不足以维持舒适的生活,同时还能有剩余资金投入储蓄账户,以支持未来支出。斯蒂法妮·P.是一名老师,这是一个传统的低收入行业。她对EducationWeek表示自己不得不找了一份大学讲师的兼职工作。她在2022年说道:“我别无选择,只能这样做。我的第二份工作可以帮我偿还房贷。在除了工资一切都在涨价的经济环境下,我只能想方设法维持生存。”

不得不从事兼职的Z世代

不出意外的是,年轻人在经济上更加脆弱,因此他们更有可能从事第二职业。Z世代和千禧一代的处境与长辈们不同,他们要面对暴涨的房价、不合时宜的经济衰退和动荡的经济,这使得他们的储蓄减少,而学生贷款增加。因此,Z世代最有可能从事两份工作(比例为71%),其次是千禧一代(68%),X世代的比例为48%,而婴儿潮一代的比例只有32%。

事实上,年轻人更加努力,在财务上却依旧感觉不安。美国银行(Bank of America)的分析发现,这些副业并没有真正解决问题,因为年轻人虽然更加努力,但依旧没有太多可自由支配的收入。

美国银行研究所(Bank of America Institute)的经济学家、报告的作者安娜·周对《财富》杂志表示:“相对于较年长的群体,年轻人感觉受到的束缚相对更多。”她认为,劳动力市场强劲,但“年轻人相对脆弱”。

有些人不仅仅是因为收入低才选择从事副业:48%不依赖工资维持生计的受访者选择从事副业。目前可能正在发生的一种情况是,在一些行业集中裁员期间,随着公司与员工之间的信任减弱,人们正在寻求额外的稳定性。

但即使从事副业,努力工作的美国人依旧感觉自己的财务状况不稳定。而本就已经很脆弱的群体处境更加艰难,因为从事副业的群体比不从事副业的群体更有可能依赖工资维持生计。虽然有额外的收入来源,但44%从事副业的群体在财务上依旧缺乏安全感。无论是否从事副业,美国人面临的主要障碍都是高生活成本和收入不足。副业似乎根本无法缓解当前的经济压力。(财富中文网)

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

You’ve heard it before, the side-hustle success story. It usually comes from a person that seems perpetually on a diet of Red Bull and power bars speaking of “turning their passion making thermosus into a six-figure Instagram business,” or “transforming their shoebox garage into a luxury AirBnB.”

In reality, most of us have an extra job, but that’s not because of some caffeine-fueled passion; rather, it’s simply because many can’t afford to just have one source of income in this economy.

It’s a recent development, as 54% of Americans have added a side hustle “to supplement their primary income” within the past year, per a MarketWatch Guides study. While surveying a group of 2,000 Americans, the business-news website found that many are turning to another job just to make ends meet.

While inflation recently has ebbed, wages were outpaced by the high cost of living for a couple years. People are still feeling the sting from not being able to build wealth as much, as productivity increased and average worker pay moved at a relative snail’s pace. That all leads to 66% of Americans reporting to be living paycheck to paycheck, 57% of which add that they’ve tacked on other gigs to cushion their income.

In many sectors, one salary isn’t enough to live comfortably while saving for future expenses. Stephanie P., who works in one of the classically underpaid sectors as a teacher, spoke to EducationWeek about her hand being forced to pick up another gig as a part-time college instructor. “I do it because I have no choice. My second job pays my mortgage. I do what I have to do to survive in an economy where everything is going up in price…except my salary,” she said in 2022.

Gen Z, two jobs

Unsurprisingly, the younger generations are more economically vulnerable, and therefore more likely to turn to extra jobs. Gen Zers and their millennial elders were also handed a different set of cards than their more senior counterparts, as they deal with an uphill housing market, ill-time recessions, and a volatile economy that set back savings and inflated student loans. It all results in Gen Zers being the most likely to have two jobs (at 71%), followed by millennials at 68%, Gen Xers at 48%, and boomers at 32%.

Indeed, younger generations are hustling more, but they’re still not feeling all that financially comfortable. Analysis from Bank of America found these side hustles aren’t really cutting it, as younger generations were hustling more but still had little discretionary income to show for it.

“The younger end of the spectrum is feeling relatively more constrained than their older counterparts,” Anna Zhou, economist at Bank of America Institute and the report’s author, told Fortune, asserting that the labor market is strong but there’s a “relative weakness among the younger generation.”

And some people are turning to extra jobs for not just income reasons: 48% of respondents who aren’t living paycheck to paycheck took on a side gig. Part of what likely is happening is that people are looking for extra stability, too, as trust between companies and their employers wanes during a time of layoffs in concentrated sectors.

But even with an extra job, overworked Americans are still feeling financially precarious. It’s a much steeper uphill battle for those who are already vulnerable, as those with a side hustle are more likely than those who don’t have one to report living paycheck to paycheck. And even with their added sources of income, 44% of those with side gigs report still feeling financially insecure. The top obstacles to both people with and without side-hustles include the high cost of living and not enough income. It seems as a second gig can’t even salve the sting of the current economy.

财富中文网所刊载内容之知识产权为财富媒体知识产权有限公司及/或相关权利人专属所有或持有。未经许可,禁止进行转载、摘编、复制及建立镜像等任何使用。
0条Plus
精彩评论
评论

撰写或查看更多评论

请打开财富Plus APP

前往打开