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2025届毕业生正面临严峻的就业市场

Chloe Berger
2024-08-31

Z世代获得一份入门级工作比以往任何时候都难。

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面对严峻的就业市场,2025届毕业生感到悲观,但并没有退却。图片来源:Xavier Lorenzo—Getty Images

与往届毕业生相比,今年的本科生可能更不愿离开校园。在一个阶段结束后面对诸多不确定性并不是什么新鲜事,许多成功且令人感动的青春成长电影都围绕这一主题创作。但2025届的毕业生正面临着极其艰难的局面。

学生求职平台Handshake在新发布的报告中就发现了这一点。该报告调查了1,925名即将毕业的学生。在这次求职信心调查中,该本科生求职平台得到了相当平淡的反馈结果。超过一半(57%)的2025届毕业生表示,他们对开启职业生涯感到悲观。而去年这一比例仅为49%。

导致悲观情绪背后的根源是严峻的就业市场。学生们正在申请更多工作岗位,并且更加努力,以争取进入职场的机会。报告显示,对学生贷款债务、人工智能浪潮和当前政治局势的担忧也加剧了这种悲观情绪。面对不同以往的环境,2025届毕业生正在改变他们的优先考虑事项。

Handshake首席教育战略官克莉丝汀•克鲁兹维加拉对《财富》杂志表示:“面对充满挑战的经济形势,与2021年之前的往届毕业生相比,最近的Z世代毕业生针对自己的职业目标采取了明显不同的策略。我注意到,以前的毕业生优先考虑灵活性以及工作与生活的平衡;而在最近的毕业生中,越来越多的人更倾向于稳定和目标导向的工作。”

换句话说,Z世代正在寻找稳定的工作。鉴于他们找到工作的困难程度,他们这样做是可以理解的。这几年,有许多关于求职过程越来越令人沮丧、求职周期越来越长的报道。希拉里•霍夫沃在《快公司》杂志上写道,这种情况在一定程度上是由于裁员后雇主的影响力不断增强,以及招聘过程的自动化造成的。

克鲁兹维加拉表示:“要想在求职市场上取得成功,需要有战略性、有目的性的策略,往届毕业生已经采用了积极主动的方法脱颖而出。”她描述雄心勃勃的毕业生是“短期悲观,长期乐观”。对不同以往的市场形势的担忧并非没有依据。Handshake报告称,今年其平台上创造的就业机会“低于2023年的水平,与总体趋势保持一致”。因此,“每个职位的申请人数明显高于过去五年中的任何一年”,引发了申请人数的暴涨。

即便如此,本科生们还是对学校充满信心。他们可能准备好以更艰难的方式结束大学四年的学习生涯,但这并不意味着他们对教育体系本身失去了信心。高达88%的学生表示,大学对他们的个人成长和发展帮助很大或相当大,而且85%的学生表示,这段经历塑造了他们的职业目标。学生们正准备踏上一段更漫长、或许更坎坷的梦想职业生涯之旅。45%的学生预计在职业生涯中至少会有一次转行。

话虽如此,如今通往入门级职位的“黄砖路”变得更加漫长了。当前这届毕业生至少有30个课时用于探寻潜在职业道路。在此之前,2024届毕业生去年递交的求职申请比上一届毕业生多64%。2025届毕业生将延续这一新趋势:与去年同期相比,每一份工作的申请人数已经比2024届毕业生平均高出24%。

虽然对工作职位的竞争是压力的主要来源(64%),但对工作保障和充足薪水的担忧、对学生贷款(54%)、生成式人工智能和即将到来的选举(45%)的焦虑,也加剧了毕业生的压力。

女性、黑人学生和第一代大学生对贷款的焦虑有所增加,正如Handshake指出,这些群体更有可能背负债务。虽然联邦救济的情况与无数其他社会经济问题一样悬而未决,但近一半(46%)受访者表示,2024年总统大选的结果将对他们的职业生涯产生影响。人工智能的应用也增加了不确定性,2025届的许多毕业生都希望放慢人工智能的应用速度。大多数人(70%)认为生成式人工智能应该接受更严格的监管。

在Handshake的报告中,一名2025级金融专业的学生表示:“在获得现在这份实习机会之前,我申请了100多个职位。我现在正在一家公司进行面试,进展顺利,但如果不成功,我会尽可能多地申请其他工作。”(财富中文网)

译者:郝秀

审校:汪皓

与往届毕业生相比,今年的本科生可能更不愿离开校园。在一个阶段结束后面对诸多不确定性并不是什么新鲜事,许多成功且令人感动的青春成长电影都围绕这一主题创作。但2025届的毕业生正面临着极其艰难的局面。

学生求职平台Handshake在新发布的报告中就发现了这一点。该报告调查了1,925名即将毕业的学生。在这次求职信心调查中,该本科生求职平台得到了相当平淡的反馈结果。超过一半(57%)的2025届毕业生表示,他们对开启职业生涯感到悲观。而去年这一比例仅为49%。

导致悲观情绪背后的根源是严峻的就业市场。学生们正在申请更多工作岗位,并且更加努力,以争取进入职场的机会。报告显示,对学生贷款债务、人工智能浪潮和当前政治局势的担忧也加剧了这种悲观情绪。面对不同以往的环境,2025届毕业生正在改变他们的优先考虑事项。

Handshake首席教育战略官克莉丝汀•克鲁兹维加拉对《财富》杂志表示:“面对充满挑战的经济形势,与2021年之前的往届毕业生相比,最近的Z世代毕业生针对自己的职业目标采取了明显不同的策略。我注意到,以前的毕业生优先考虑灵活性以及工作与生活的平衡;而在最近的毕业生中,越来越多的人更倾向于稳定和目标导向的工作。”

换句话说,Z世代正在寻找稳定的工作。鉴于他们找到工作的困难程度,他们这样做是可以理解的。这几年,有许多关于求职过程越来越令人沮丧、求职周期越来越长的报道。希拉里•霍夫沃在《快公司》杂志上写道,这种情况在一定程度上是由于裁员后雇主的影响力不断增强,以及招聘过程的自动化造成的。

克鲁兹维加拉表示:“要想在求职市场上取得成功,需要有战略性、有目的性的策略,往届毕业生已经采用了积极主动的方法脱颖而出。”她描述雄心勃勃的毕业生是“短期悲观,长期乐观”。对不同以往的市场形势的担忧并非没有依据。Handshake报告称,今年其平台上创造的就业机会“低于2023年的水平,与总体趋势保持一致”。因此,“每个职位的申请人数明显高于过去五年中的任何一年”,引发了申请人数的暴涨。

即便如此,本科生们还是对学校充满信心。他们可能准备好以更艰难的方式结束大学四年的学习生涯,但这并不意味着他们对教育体系本身失去了信心。高达88%的学生表示,大学对他们的个人成长和发展帮助很大或相当大,而且85%的学生表示,这段经历塑造了他们的职业目标。学生们正准备踏上一段更漫长、或许更坎坷的梦想职业生涯之旅。45%的学生预计在职业生涯中至少会有一次转行。

话虽如此,如今通往入门级职位的“黄砖路”变得更加漫长了。当前这届毕业生至少有30个课时用于探寻潜在职业道路。在此之前,2024届毕业生去年递交的求职申请比上一届毕业生多64%。2025届毕业生将延续这一新趋势:与去年同期相比,每一份工作的申请人数已经比2024届毕业生平均高出24%。

虽然对工作职位的竞争是压力的主要来源(64%),但对工作保障和充足薪水的担忧、对学生贷款(54%)、生成式人工智能和即将到来的选举(45%)的焦虑,也加剧了毕业生的压力。

女性、黑人学生和第一代大学生对贷款的焦虑有所增加,正如Handshake指出,这些群体更有可能背负债务。虽然联邦救济的情况与无数其他社会经济问题一样悬而未决,但近一半(46%)受访者表示,2024年总统大选的结果将对他们的职业生涯产生影响。人工智能的应用也增加了不确定性,2025届的许多毕业生都希望放慢人工智能的应用速度。大多数人(70%)认为生成式人工智能应该接受更严格的监管。

在Handshake的报告中,一名2025级金融专业的学生表示:“在获得现在这份实习机会之前,我申请了100多个职位。我现在正在一家公司进行面试,进展顺利,但如果不成功,我会尽可能多地申请其他工作。”(财富中文网)

译者:郝秀

审校:汪皓

Undergraduates might be clutching their Natty Light and graduation caps a little tighter this year compared to prior graduating-class cohorts. Facing waves of uncertainty after a chapter closes isn’t a new story, many a successful and cloying coming of age movie has been made on the subject. But the class of 2025 is wading into especially trying waters.

So finds student job platform Handshake in a newly released report which surveyed 1,925 members of the incoming senior class. In a temperature check, the undergraduate career platform got back a resoundingly lukewarm result. Over half (57%) of the class of 2025 reported feeling pessimistic about starting their careers. Last year, that number stood at just 49% of the graduating class.

The source behind these darkening clouds is the uphill job market, and students are applying to extra jobs and working harder to get a foot in the door. Also contributing to this increased sense of gloom is anxiety surrounding student loan debt, the wave of AI, and current state of politics, the report found. Confronted with a different set of circumstances, this cohort is shifting their priorities.

“Facing a challenging economic landscape, recent Gen Z graduates are taking a markedly different approach to their career goals compared to their older peers who graduated before 2021,” Christine Cruzvergara, chief education strategy officer at Handshake, told Fortune. “I’ve noticed that previous cohorts prioritized flexibility and work-life balance; the more recent classes have demonstrated a growing preference for stability and purpose-driven work.”

In other words, this microgeneration of Gen Zers is looking to nab a steady gig. It makes sense, given the difficulty they’ve found in simply getting a job. Reports of a progressively frustrating and elongated job search have cropped up over the years. In part, the situation has been attributed to the growing leverage of employers after layoffs and the automation of the hiring process, wrote Hillary Hoffower for Fast Company.

“Success in this market requires a strategic and intentional approach and seniors are already taking proactive steps to stand out,” said Cruzvergara, who described the ambitious class as “short-term pessimistic, long-term optimistic. Fears of a different market are not unfounded, as Handshake reported that this year job creation on its platform has “has trailed behind 2023 levels, consistent with national trends.” In response, “the number of applications per job has been significantly higher than in any of the past five years,” generating higher frenzy.

Even so, undergraduate students have faith in the institution. They might be gearing up for a more trying end to their four years, but that doesn’t mean they’ve lost belief in the system itself. A whopping 88% said college contributed a lot or a fair amount to their personal growth and development, and 85% said the experience shaped their career goals. Students are buckling up for a longer and perhaps bumpier ride to their dream gig. Many students, 45%, expect to make a pivot at least once in their career.

That being said, the yellow brick road to an entry-level position has become all the more elongated these days. The current class has spent upwards of 30 hours looking into potential career paths already. That comes after the class of 2024 last year sent 64% more applications to jobs than the seniors before them. The Class of 2025 is set to continue the new tradition, already submitting on average 24% more applications per job than the class of 2024 at the same time last year.

While this competition for gigs is the main source of stress (64%), with additional concerns about job security and sufficient pay, concerns regarding student loans (54%), generative AI and the upcoming election (45%) added fuel to the fire.

Anxiety regarding loans increased among women, Black students, and first-generation college attendees, as Handshake pointed out these groups are more likely to hold debt. And while the fate of federal relief is up in the air alongside a myriad of other socioeconomic issues, almost half (46%) of respondents say the fate of the 2024 presidential election will impact their career. Adding to the uncertainty is the implementation of AI, which much of the class of 2025 would like to slow down, please. Most (70%) say that generative AI should be regulated more strictly.

“I applied to more than 100 openings before I got my current internship,” a class of 2025 student majoring in finance told Handshake in the report. “ I’m going through the process with one company right now and it’s going well, but if that doesn’t work out I’ll start applying to as many jobs as I possibly can,” they added.

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