中国购买非洲金矿：代价几何？

    Barrick的非洲负担

    虽然过去几年投资了上亿美元，国际黄金市场强劲，但Barrick的坦桑尼亚金矿由于缺电、工人示威以及偷盗事件，业绩差强人意。让问题更棘手的是矿山的不安宁。法律和人权倡导组织Legal and Human Rights Centre称，每年都有几十位坦桑尼亚人死于Barrick巡矿的安保人员和警察之手。据多家媒体报道，最近一次是在今年的9月11日，North Mara矿山地区有两位坦桑尼亚人试图进入矿区偷盗黄金，被警方击毙。这起矿山暴力事件已经在坦桑尼亚和加拿大引发了对Barrick的如潮批评。

    为了安抚坦桑尼亚矿山周边的社区，Barrick已经花费了几千万美元用于开发性项目，像改善水电接入，建设新的学校以及医务室。就在去年，Barrick与坦桑尼亚官方签署了“乡村实施福利协议”(Village Implementation Benefits Agreement)，每年再追加1000万美元用于支持受影响的乡村，与当地非营利组织和机构比如“关怀非洲”（Africare）和美国国际发展机构（U.S. Agency for International Development)合作提供资金。

    坦桑尼亚官员们称赞这家公司许下这么一大笔出资承诺。但如果中国黄金集团的交易获得通过，这些项目可能会被搁置。此文发表时，尚未能够联络到中国黄金集团就此置评。

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    Barrick's African Albatross

    Despite investing hundreds of millions of dollars over the last several years and a robust global market for gold, Barrick's Tanzanian mines have produced lackluster results due to electricity shortages, labor protests, and incursions by thieves. But it is unrest at the mine that has proven even more problematic. According to the Legal and Human Rights Centre, an advocacy group, dozens of local residents have been killed every year at the hands of Barrick's security and the police who help patrol the mines. As recently as September 11 of this year, two residents in the area of the North Mara mine were shot and killed by police as they attempted to enter the grounds and steal gold sand, according to several media reports. The violence at the mine has set off an intense public backlash against the company in Tanzania and back in Canada.

    To calm the communities surrounding the Tanzania mines, Barrick has spent tens of millions on development projects such as improving access to water and electricity and building new schools and health clinics. Just last year, Barrick signed the "Village Implementation Benefits Agreement" with Tanzanian officials, which directs an additional $10 million a year to support affected villages, and funds partnerships with local NGOs and agencies like Africare and the U.S. Agency for International Development.

    Tanzanian officials applauded the company for making such a large financial commitment. If the China National Gold deal goes through, the new Chinese owners are not expected to continue those programs. China National Gold could not be reached for comment.