如何避免“桑迪”式瘫痪重演

（２）把路灯和所有的交通信号灯换成太阳能LED灯组

    LED和太阳能灯都非常便宜，一个太阳能LED路灯不到三年就能收回成本。这些灯组应配有电池，因此即便在任何飓风中也能坚持几天。LED灯的使用时间几乎是当前路灯的５倍，也就是说维修、养护上可以省下大量的资金。洛杉矶已经安装了太阳能LED路灯，墨西哥城也打算这样做。

    交通信号灯也应换成太阳能的，并且配备备用电池。较暗的交通信号灯不仅容易导致危险的驾驶环境，而且也需要大量警力在路口维持秩序。这个领域的领先公司包括Cree、飞利浦（Philips）以及西门子（Siemens）旗下的欧司朗（OSRAM Sylvania）等。

（３）为纽约地铁系统配备冗余水泵和备用电源

    我们都看到地铁在飓风中停运后发生了什么。纽约地铁每天可运送500万名有通勤需要的人。一旦这500万人无法出行，整个纽约市的经济都会蒙受巨大损失。纽约交通运输管理局（MTA）也严重依赖老掉牙的电网，因为地铁没有电就无法开行。

    “桑迪”远去后，尽管纽约交通运输管理局已经把地铁隧道里的水都泵了出来，但地铁还是无法在城区通行，因为ConEd电力公司尚未恢复这一区域的电力。要求纽约地铁必须配备分布式发电和存储设备，对于一个目前还经常晚点的地铁来说，这个要求可能太高了，但打造一个抗风险性更强的地铁网络，总归是一项值得的投资。

    纽约交通运输管理局目前只有三辆水泵轨道车，首先，纽约交通运输管理局应在这方面进行加强，同时还要增加应急电力设备。纽约交通运输管理局从2010年的暴雪中吸取了一些教训，认识到了让汽车开到安全区域的重要性，因此至少在这些方面有所进步。“桑迪”飓风后，长岛电力公司（Long Island Power Authority）的董事会把它的CEO炒了鱿鱼，理由是他没有做好应对灾难的准备。由于他的失职，即使周边地区的电路恢复了很久之后，长岛地区仍有成千上万的用户处于断电状态。ConEd公司的故事则有些不一样。

    不要等到下一次灾害来袭，再次摧毁我们的电力和交通，付出生命的代价和难以估量的经济损失时才肯幡然悔悟。美国的实际利率已经是负数了，因此在当前的经济环境下，做出有实际收益的长期基建投资是一个非常吸引人的机会。现在就是投资基础建设的好时候，而且在这个过程中，还可以增加人们急需的就业岗位和价值。我们等不起了。

    本文作者杰克·海达里是一位创业投资人，也是Dice.com的共同创始人和前CEO。

    译者：朴成奎

2.Convert streetlamps and all traffic lights to solar-powered LED units

    LEDs and solar are both so cheap now that a solar-powered LED street lamp can pay for itself in less than three years with no subsidies. These units have batteries on board so that they can power themselves for days through any storm. LEDs last five times as long as current streetlamp technology which translates to big savings in maintenance. Los Angeles has already installed solar-powered LED streetlights and Mexico City has decided to do the same

    Traffic signals should also be converted to solar-power with onsite battery backup. Dark traffic signals not only create dangerous driving conditions, they also require enormous police manpower to maintain order at intersections. Companies to look at in this space include Cree(CREE), Philips (PHG) and OSRAM Sylvania unit of Siemens (SI).

3. Invest in redundant pumps and power for the NYC subway system

    We see what happens when the subway goes down -- loss of productivity across the NYC economy as its daily 5 million commuters are stranded. The MTA is dependent on our outdated grid as electricity is needed to operate the third rail.

    Even after the MTA had pumped out all of the water in the tunnels using diesel trains, following Hurricane Sandy, subways could not operate downtown because ConEd had still not restored power in those areas. To call for distributed generation and storage for the subway may be a tall order for a system that still has delays on a regular basis, but it is a worthwhile investment to build a more resilient subway network.

    The MTA only has three pump railcars and should augment this with additional pumping and emergency power equipment. The MTA did learn from the 2010 blizzard the importance of moving cars to safe areas so at least those procedures have improved.

    After Sandy, the board of Long Island Power Authority fired its CEO with good reason -- he did not prepare for the storm and his negligence left thousands of customers offline well after other areas were back online. The story at ConEd will be different.

    Let us not wait until we are hit with the next disaster that takes out our power and transport systems and costs lives and untold financial impact. Our negative real interest rates make long-term infrastructure investments with real returns an attractive opportunity in the current economic environment. Now is the time to invest in our infrastructure and to create needed jobs and value in the process. We cannot afford to wait any longer.

    Jack Hidary is a startup investor and co-founder and former CEO of Dice.com (DHX).