家族势力继续把持全球汽车巨头

标致雪铁龙集团

    标致雪铁龙集团（PSA Peugeot Citro?n）的家族血脉可以追溯到1810年生产咖啡碾磨机和自行车的一家公司。它的雄狮商标首次亮相于1858年，阿曼德?标致则于1890年生产了公司第一台内燃机汽车。这个拥有集团公司46%有表决权股份的家族很少抛头露面。但几年前，他们只用一个电话就解雇了时任首席执行官，在一贯平静的法国企业界掀起了些许波澜。

    长期以来，标致雪铁龙集团一直雄踞欧洲第二大车企的位置，但很少迈出欧洲拓展其他市场。不过到了今年，随着欧洲汽车市场萎缩了7.3%，它也受到了巨大的冲击，据称它现在每月开支高达2亿美元。今年它将关闭法国的一个工厂，但它裁员8,000人的计划却遭到了法国强势工会和政府的反对。

    为了找到脱困良方，标致家族近期决定将持股比例减至40%，与通用汽车公司（General Motors）联合采购零部件，并与通用旗下的欧宝公司（Opel）共同开发新车型。不过，要推出新车型还得等上好几年，而日益严峻的经济形势据称已迫使这两家公司推迟了拓展合作领域的谈判。标致的前景颇为不妙。

PSA Peugeot Citroen

    PSA's family ties go all the way back to 1810, when a predecessor company manufactured coffee mills and bicycles. Its lion trademark first appeared in 1858, and Armand Peugeot built the its first internal combustion car in 1890. The family, which holds about 46% of the voting shares, seldom asserts itself, though it unsettled France's sedate corporate world a few years ago when it fired its CEO with a phone call.

    Long the second-largest automaker in Europe but little diversified beyond its borders,?PSA has suffered mightily this year?as Western Europe's car market has shrunk by 7.3%, while the company is said to be burning though $200 million a month. It will close one factory in France this year, but its plan to lay off 8,000 workers has run into opposition from France's powerful unions and the government.

    Looking for a life preserver, the Peugeot family recently decided to reduce its holding to 40% as it formed an alliance with General Motors to jointly purchase parts and develop new models with GM's Opel. But new models are several years away, and the worsening economic situation has reportedly forced the two companies to suspend talks about expanding the alliance. Peugeot's future remains murky.