2013年曝光的美国国安局十大恶行

监听默克尔的手机？

    包括巴西总统迪尔玛•罗塞夫、法国总统弗朗索瓦•奥朗德和德国总理安吉拉•默克尔在内的各国领导人普遍对美国在各国家开展监控表示愤慨。怒火中烧的默克尔更是气愤至极，她要求奥巴马总统就她的手机也一直受到监听这一说法做出解释。白宫发言人杰•卡尔尼对此回应称：“总统请总理放心，美国目前没有，今后也不会监听总理的通信信息。”

利用云和缓存

    陆续浮出水面的泄密文件显示，互联网巨头不断存储并追踪用户数据，欲罢不能。国安局则找到了利用谷歌和雅虎公司私有云的路子——据《华盛顿邮报》称，它在一个月内从用户账户中恢复了181,280,466条记录（而这两大公司都否认允许国安局进入各自的系统）。

    而谷歌的“PREF”缓存也让国安局垂涎欲滴。这种缓存能识别用户的浏览器，同时提供个性化的广告。《邮报》在后来的报道中称：“除了能追踪网络访问情况，这种缓存还能让国安局在海量的互联网数据中挑出个人通讯记录，以便发送能黑掉特定电脑的软件。”

伤风败俗的业务

    构陷那些被国安局视为“激进分子”的办法是——记录他们浏览色情网站的行为。

    《赫芬顿邮报》（Huffington Post）的格伦•格林沃尔德，赖安•加拉格尔和赖安•格里姆报道称：“国安局列出的漏洞中，有两点可能被有效利用：‘在网上浏览明显与性有关的内容’以及‘与涉世未深的年轻女孩交流时使用明显带有性引诱意味的语言’。”

通过手机追踪位置数据

    每天国安局会从每个人的家里，或从商务会议、酒店客房和医生诊室那里收集几十亿条个人手机上的位置数据。

    巴顿•杰尔曼和阿斯坎•索尔塔尼在《华盛顿邮报》上写道：“收集、分析位置数据的规模、范围和对隐私权的潜在影响可能在6月以来披露的国安局监控项目中无出其右。分析师可以找到全球任何地方的手机，追踪它们的行动轨迹，揭示这些手机用户的潜在关系。”（财富中文网）

    译者：清远

Tapping Merkel's cell?

    World leaders including Brazil's Dilma Rousseff, French president François Hollande, and Germany's chancellor Angela Merkel bristled at reports of U.S. surveillance efforts in their respective countries. An incensed Merkel took her complaints to the top, calling on President Obama to address allegations that her own cell phone had been tapped. In response, "The president assured the chancellor that the United States is not monitoring and will not monitor the communications of the chancellor," White House spokesman Jay Carney said.

Using clouds and cookies

    The allure of user data stored and tracked by major Internet companies continued to surface in leaked documents. The NSA found ways to tap into the private clouds of Google and Yahoo -- retrieving in a single month as many as 181,280,466 records from user accounts, theWashington Post reported. (Both companies denied giving the NSA access to their systems.)

    Google "PREF" cookies, which can help identify a user's web browser and serve up personalized ads, have also enticed the NSA. "In addition to tracking web visits, this cookie allows NSA to single out an individual's communications among the sea of Internet data in order to send out software that can hack that person's computer," the Post reported in a later story.

Risqué business

    One method for undermining those deemed "radicalizers" by the NSA? Document their online porn habits.

    From Glenn Greenwald, Ryan Gallagher, and Ryan Grim in the Huffington Post: "Among the vulnerabilities listed by the NSA that can be effectively exploited are 'viewing sexually explicit material online' and 'using sexually explicit persuasive language when communicating with inexperienced young girls.' "

Tracking location data via cell phones

    From a person's home or from business meetings, hotel rooms and doctors' offices, the NSA is collecting billions of records a day on the cell phone locations of individuals.

    "In scale, scope and potential impact on privacy, the efforts to collect and analyze location data may be unsurpassed among the NSA surveillance programs that have been disclosed since June," wrote Barton Gellman and Ashkan Soltani in the Washington Post. "Analysts can find cell phones anywhere in the world, retrace their movements and expose hidden relationships among the people using them."