特斯拉为电池工厂选址 传地方政府开出高达8亿补贴

    凯利蓝皮书（Kelley Blue Book）高级分析师亚历克•古铁雷斯说：“我们现在处于未知的领域。这无疑是一种独特的方法，也是一种精明的策略（如果不考虑负面影响的话）。”

    古特雷斯表示，如果特斯拉寻求同时建设两个工厂，无疑将面临更高的前期成本。“但是我猜测，他们已经进行了计算。他们预期的优惠方案应该不只是抵消前期成本。”

    提供成百上千份高收入工作机会的前景使得各州和各城市陷入了激烈的竞争，纷纷提供更具吸引力的激励方案。

    位于华盛顿特区的非盈利组织“好工作优先”（Good Jobs First）的研究分析师利•麦克埃尔韦尼指出，各州也许会主动提出承担岗位培训成本，投资基础设施，实施不动产税退税，企业所得税抵免和能源补贴等。

    麦克埃尔韦尼表示，截至目前，尚未获得更多关于潜在优惠方案的信息，或许入选的四个州都在等待对手主动退出。

    她说：“遗憾的是，对广大的纳税者而言，这类交易的谈判通常都是秘密谈判。公众在交易最终达成之前几乎一无所知。”

    上个月，亚利桑那州立法机构批准为计划使用可再生能源的公司提供能源补贴。麦克埃尔韦尼表示，不同于各州为主要制造业务提供的传统电力补贴，能源补贴对特斯拉而言极具吸引力。《圣安东尼奥新闻快报》（the San Antonio Express News ）援引两位匿名人士的消息报道，圣安东尼奥市已经为特斯拉提供了约为8亿美元的本地激励方案。但是，政府官员目前还没有公开确认这个数字。

    内华达州和新墨西哥州则都选择了保持沉默。

    麦克埃尔韦尼表示，一次新建两个工厂就好比“敲锣打鼓地激怒一个人，就好像当众把新娘晾在圣坛上。”

    新墨西哥州曾经扮演过被遗弃的准新娘。2007年，特斯拉决定在阿尔伯克基建设汽车生产工厂，但后来又改变主意，选择了加州。(财富中文网)

    译者：乔树静/汪皓

    "We're in uncharted waters here," said Alec Gutierrez, senior analyst at Kelley Blue Book. "This is certainly a unique approach, and -- not in a negative way -- a very shrewd tactic as well."

    Tesla will undoubtedly have much higher upfront costs if it pursues two sites at the same time, Gutierrez said. "But my guess is they've done the math, and the concessions package they're expecting will more than offset those costs."

    The promise of hundreds of high-paying jobs can create a bidding war between states and even municipalities, each one trying to offer a sweeter package of incentives.

    States might offer to cover job training costs, invest in infrastructure, property tax abatements, corporate income tax credits, and energy subsidies, said Leigh McIlvaine, research analyst with Good Jobs First, a Washington, D.C.-based non-profit.

    So far, little information has trickled out about potential concession packages, and it's possible that the four states being considered are waiting each other out, McIlvaine said.

    "Unfortunately for the taxpaying public, negotiations for these types of deals are very often performed in secret, and the public doesn't learn about it until the deal is struck," she said.

    Arizona lawmakers approved energy subsidies last month targeted towards companies that plan to use renewable energy. These subsidies would be attractive for Tesla, she said, unlike conventional electricity subsidies usually considered by states for major manufacturing deals, which would not be. The city of San Antonio has reportedly offered Tesla a package of local incentives estimated to be around $800 million, according to a report from the San Antonio Express News that used two unnamed sources. However, government officials have yet to publicly confirm those numbers, McIlvaine said.

    Nevada and New Mexico remain quiet.

    Pursuing two sites at once seems like a "phenomenal way to piss someone off," McIlvain said. "It's sort of like leaving a bride at the altar."

    New Mexico has played the jilted bride-to-be before. In 2007, Tesla chose Albuquerque for its auto manufacturing plant, but then changed its mind and decided to move production to California instead.