阿里巴巴纪录片揭示的4个要点
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2. 阿里巴巴与中国政府：爱恨交织 马云在政府那里第一次碰钉子是其“中国黄页”网站，马云对政府官员解释道，“我们致力于在信息高速公路上宣传中国”，但是互联网当时还是一个崭新的概念，因此要得到政府的支持相当不易，所以“中国黄页”项目失败了。一心想要在互联网上留下中国印记的他转换了思维并开始进军电子商务。马云在影片中说：“如果我们是一个好团队而且清楚自己想要做什么，那么我们便可以以一当十。我们能够打败政府机构和大型国有公司，因为我们有创新精神。”埃里斯曼在影片中解释说，最终，阿里巴巴得到了政府支持，而且当地官员也开始认识到该公司能创造大量就业岗位。然而，每当阿里巴巴希望接受一笔新投资时，比如雅虎2005年曾以10亿美元购买其40%的股份，它都必须获得中国政府的批准。 |
2. Alibaba has a love-hate relationship with the Chinese government Ma first ran into problems with the Chinese government with his China Pages effort, when trying to deal with strict regulations on private information. Ma explained to officials, “We are working on promoting China on the information superhighway,” but the internet was such a new concept that it was hard to get government support, and China Pages fizzled. Insistent on giving China a web presence, Ma switched gears and pursued e-commerce. “If we are a good team and know what we want to do, one of us can defeat ten of them. We can beat government agencies and big government companies because of our innovative spirit,” Ma says in the film. Eventually, Alibaba received government support as local officials began viewing the company as a job creator, Erisman explains in the film. Still, each time Alibaba wanted to accept a new investment—such as when Yahoo bought a 40% stake in 2005 for $1 billion – it had to be approved by the government. |
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3. 阿里巴巴的大敌：eBay 在阿里巴巴早期的时候，随着eBay进一步深入中国市场，马云感觉到了威胁。2003年，eBay收购了易趣网，后者是一家与eBay有着类似商业模式的中国拍卖网站。埃里斯曼解释说：“【马云】要我做好准备，迎接阿里巴巴最大的挑战。我们打算向eBay开战。”为了对付eBay，阿里巴巴推出了一个名为淘宝（Taobao）的新网站，一个消费者对消费者（C2C）而不是企业对企业（B2B）的市场平台。随后，马云加大了赌注，免去当时淘宝前三年内的交易费，但eBay却照收不误。埃里斯曼称，马云希望，如果客户在淘宝上交易比eBay更划算，那么他的竞争对手就不得不跟进，以此来压缩eBay的利润空间，否则，eBay将失去这块业务或完全退出中国市场。埃里斯曼说：此举意味着阿里巴巴“公开向eBay宣战”。虽然，本着友谊第一的体育精神，马云定下了一条基本原则，那就是任何人都不得对eBay当时的首席执行官梅格•惠特曼发起任何人身攻击。在短短数年内，由于迟迟不肯降低在易趣网的交易费，eBay的中国业务以失败收场。 |
3. Alibaba’s archenemy is eBay As eBay pushed further into the Chinese market during Alibaba’s early years, Ma felt threatened. In 2003 eBay acquired EachNet, a China-based auction site with a similar business model to its own. "[Ma] told me to be prepared for Alibaba's biggest challenge yet," Erisman explains. "We were going to war with eBay." To fend off eBay, Alibaba launched a new website called Taobao, a marketplace for consumer-to-consumer selling rather than business-to-business. Ma then upped the ante by waiving Taobao’s transaction fees for the first three years, while eBay kept charging. Ma hoped that by offering customers a better deal on Taobao than on eBay, his competitor would have to match it, cutting into eBay’s margins, or lose business—and back out of China altogether, according to Erisman. With the move, Alibaba “publicly declare[d] war on eBay,” Erisman narrates. For the sake of good sportsmanship, though, Ma made a ground rule that nobody was to launch any personal attacks against Meg Whitman, eBay’s CEO at the time. Within a few years, eBay, after belatedly cutting fees on EachNet, ended its business in China. |
