中企加大研发投入，欲赶超西方

    中国正在加大研发支出力度，而美国一直在削减其政府研发支出。这也是中国未来也许能赶超美国的原因之一。巴特尔研究所（Battelle）和《R＆D 杂志》（Battelle/R&D Magazine）公布的《2014年全球研发经费预测报告》（2014 Global R&D Funding Forecast）预测，在研发投入方面，中国最早可能在2025年超越美国。

    阿特金森说，中国的目标是“超越美国”，因此美国若要想保持世界创新领导者的地位，则必须做出更多努力，包括制定更优惠的税收政策支持研发、取消对科技经费的削减。

    他说：“美国要硬着头皮像过去那样大力投入研发，我们必须做到这一点，因为我们不能输，如果我们在投入上做到位了，我坚信我们在创新上能继续领先于中国。如果我们不这么做，未来10年或15年内，中国将在很多领域赶上或超过我们。”

    Strategy&公司发布的这份报告使用了彭博资讯（Bloomberg）和Capital IQ提供的数据，并结合了相关调查和访谈。该报告分析了企业的研发投入和创新水平。除了预测全球趋势，该报告还指出了在研发方面投入最大的行业和公司。

    对于美国而言，让人颇为安慰的是，目前还没有一家中资企业在研发投入或创新方面进入十强榜单。这意味着，在短期内没有中国企业能获得谷歌（Google）或强生公司（Johnson & Johnson）那样的辉煌业绩。事实上，排名最高的中资公司仅排在第62位。

    2014年，大众汽车公司（Volkswagen）和三星公司（Samsung）研发投入分别达到135亿美元和134亿美元，连续第二年荣登研发投入榜单榜首。英特尔（Intel）和微软则分列攀升至第三和第四名，而谷歌也首次进入十强，仅领先默克公司（Merck and Co）。除了默克公司外，还有其他三家医药企业进入研发投入十强名单。

    英特尔发言人克里斯汀•多茨说：“我们所处行业的发展日新月异，我们需要时刻准备好取代自己的技术。”他以英特尔的14纳米处理器作为例子并说道：“我们不能按兵不动，我们需要遵循摩尔定律不断创新。”（财富中文网）

    Still, he said, China was “pulling out all the stops” in R&D as part of a strategy to become more self-sufficient by producing as much as they can indigenously and ending their dependence on foreign firms like Apple or Boeing for help.

    “They have basically decided the old strategy of attracting foreign firms to set up assembly operations is no longer their path to growth,” Atkinson said.

    “They feel like they have maximized that potential,” he said. “This is one reason why you are seeing now a real backlash against foreign technology firms in China going after companies like Microsoft, Qualcomm and other with whole set of trumped up anti-monopoly complaints and things like that. They feel like they don’t need them anymore.”

    And while China is spending more, the United States has been cutting its government R & D spending which could be one reason why the Chinese could one day surpass the Americans. The 2014 Global R&D Funding Forecast, published by Battelle/R&D Magazine, projects China could overtake the United States as early as 2025.

    Atkinson said the goal of China is “beat us” and that America must do more including more generous tax incentives for R&D and reversing cuts in science and technology if it wants to remain the world’s innovation leader.

    “We’ve got to go back and just bite the bullet and you know what we are going to do that because we are not going to lose,” he said. “If we did those things, I have every faith we could stay ahead of China from an innovation perspective. If we don’t do those things, within 10 years or 15 years China will have caught up to us in many, many areas or surpassed us.”

    The report, which uses data from Bloomberg and Capital IQ data combined with surveys and interviews, looks both at a company’s R&D spending and its level of innovation. Along with charting global trends, the report also highlighted the sectors and companies that are doing the most in research and development.

    One promising indicator for the United States is there wasn’t one Chinese firm either in the overall spenders or innovator top 10 — a sign that no Chinese firm is about to match the exploits of a Google or Johnson & Johnson in the near term. In fact, the highest ranking Chinese company was ranked 62nd.

    Volkswagen and Samsung , for a second year running, topped the list of companies spending the most on research and development at $13.5 billion and $13.4 billion respectively. Intel INTC 0.06% and Microsoft MSFT -0.48% increased their spending to move up to third and fourth on the list while Google for the first time joined the 10 just ahead of Merck and Co. MRK -2.01% . Along with Merck, there were three other health care companies on the top 10 list of spenders for 2014.

    “Our industry’s pace of change is so fast that we need to continuously plan to replace our own technologies,” Intel spokesperson Christine Dotts said, singling out the company’s 14 nanometer processors as example of that. “We can’t sit back and do little because the expectations of Moore’s Law demand constant innovation.