马云结束20年阿里掌舵生涯，身价高达418亿美元

马云放弃了对阿里巴巴集团的控制权，这家企业在马云的带领下，创造了史上最巨额的财富之一。

曾任英语教师的马云在55岁生日当天辞去这家中国最大公司的董事局主席一职。根据彭博亿万富翁指数(Bloomberg Billionaires Index)，马云积累了418亿美元的财富，在亚洲仅次于印度的穆凯什·安巴尼。1999年，他在自己的公寓里创业，白手起家，一跃成为一名富有的电子商务巨头，破纪录一般的经历足以载入史册，这也是中国从科技落后的国家发展成世界第二大经济体的真实写照。

20多年的时间里，马云和阿里的其他联合创始人共同将一个B2B市场打造成了一个价值4600亿美元的电商巨头，这家企业击败了易趣和亚马逊，运行着全球最大的云计算业务之一，还经营着一个每天递送几百万包裹的物流网络。如今，马云已经成为中国最知名的商人。周二，他把掌门人的位置交给了金融专家张勇，对于这家亚洲最大的公司而言，这场交接意义非凡。

2016年，马云超越大连万达集团董事长王健林，成为亚洲首富。根据彭博社全球最富有的500人排名，该头衔现在属于信实工业有限公司（Reliance Industries Ltd）的董事长安巴尼，他的身价为474亿美元。

阿里巴巴的这位联合创始人已经成为中国企业的代言人，他还是一名共产党员。马云在2015年的一次采访中回忆了肯德基曾如何拒绝他的求职申请。目前，他持有阿里巴巴5.3%的股份，价值246亿美元，和他2012年7.4%、价值26亿美元的股份相比，是后者的10倍左右。自马云于2013年担任阿里巴巴董事局主席，截至2019年3月，阿里巴巴的岁入增长了约1100%，达到人民币3788亿元(合562亿美元)。他的财富还不包括他的基金会持有的公司股份，也不包括他多年来出售的股票价值。

马云并不是唯一一个从阿里帝国获得巨额财富的人。阿里的发展轨迹曾一度在其生态系统中催生了至少其他10位亿万富翁，从快递公司、超市发展到在线支付子公司，尽管马云已辞职，但估计他仍将是这个以电子商务为核心的庞大工业帝国的关键人物。

上海一家投资咨询公司开源资本的常务董事布洛克·西尔弗斯表示：“目前，如果没有马的支持，张仍不太可能就重大事项做决定。”（财富中文网）

译者：Agatha

Jack Ma is giving up the reins of Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. after presiding over one of the most spectacular creations of wealth the world has ever seen.

The former English teacher steps down as executive chairman of China’s largest company on his 55th birthday after amassing a $41.8 billion fortune—a trove surpassed only by India’s Mukesh Ambani in Asia, according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index. His record-breaking rise from a bootstrapped entrepreneur working out of his apartment in 1999 to jet-setting e-commerce mogul is one for the history books, mirroring China’s own evolution from technological backwater to world’s No. 2 economy.

Over two decades, Ma and his co-founders built a business-to-business marketplace into a $460 billion titan that bested EBay Inc. and Amazon.com Inc., operates one of the world’s largest cloud computing businesses, and runs a logistics network that delivers millions of parcels every day. Now the country’s most recognizable businessman, he hands the helm on Tuesday to finance maven Daniel Zhang—a momentous transition for Asia’s largest corporation.

Ma became Asia’s richest person in 2016, overtaking Dalian Wanda Group Chairman Wang Jianlin. The title now belongs to Reliance Industries Ltd. Chairman Ambani, who’s worth $47.4 billion, according to a Bloomberg ranking of the world’s 500 wealthiest individuals.

The Alibaba co-founder has become the face of Chinese business even while a member of the ruling Communist Party. Ma, who recalled in a 2015 interview how KFC once rejected his job application, currently owns a 5.3% Alibaba stake worth $24.6 billion, or about 10-fold the $2.6 billion his 7.4% slice in 2012 was worth. Since taking over as executive chairman in 2013, Alibaba’s revenue has surged about 1,100% to 378.8 billion yuan ($56.2 billion) in the year ended March 2019. His fortune doesn’t count shares in the company held by his foundation, or the value of stock he’s sold over time.

Ma isn’t the only person to derive fabulous wealth from the Alibaba empire. The company’s trajectory at one point spawned at least 10 other billionaires across its ecosystem, from a parcel delivery company and supermarket to an online payments affiliate. Despite stepping down, Ma is expected to remain pivotal to a sprawling industrial machine with e-commerce at its heart.

“At this point, it’s still unlikely that Zhang would make important decisions without Ma’s support,” said Brock Silvers, managing director at Shanghai-based Kaiyuan Capital, an investment advisory firm.