走进巅峰工作状态背后的科学

    丰富的环境是另一个触发器。丰富的环境是一种别致的说法，意指大量的新奇感，复杂性和不可预测性。谷歌公司(Google)是这方面的高手。他们往往追求绩效的10倍改善，而不是提高10%。当你要求10倍的改善时，你就需要扔掉现有的所有假设，你必须得开始采用全新的方式。你需要大幅增加员工工作生活中的新奇感，复杂性和不可预测性。

    风险也是一个心流触发器，对于运动员来说，这一点显而易见。但它不只是身体风险。你真正想要做的事情是，让大脑释放多巴胺，当我们承受身体风险，以及情绪、社交、智力或创新风险时，这一幕就会出现。硅谷在这方面有一定优势，因为它给予人们失败和承受这些风险的空间。

    假如我是一位高管，有没有一种简单的方式让我达到心流状态？

    没有简单的答案，我们一直强调这并不是自助活动。我想说的是，真正擅长此道的人不仅仅在工作中追求心流状态，在业余时间里，他们也希望获得这种状态。大家需要训练自己的大脑。你进入心流状态的次数越多，你就将获得更多的心流状态。

    照你的意思，我也应该去冲浪。

    当然可以啊。你还可以绘画，写作，任何需要创造力的活动都行。创造性的工作外活动非常重要，因为它们是最常见的心流触发器。从事体育运动的确有好处，并不限于极限运动。但务必要铭记，这些神经化学物质非常强大，很容易上瘾，也有可能成为危险的东西。它并不是一个快速的解决之道，不一定会产生效果。

    大家可以围绕这15个心流触发器构建你周围的环境，但心流依然是一个幸福的意外，总是在不经意间突然来到。我们能够做的事情就是，让自己更容易遭遇这样的意外。（财富中文网）

    译者：叶寒

    A rich environment is another trigger. A rich environment is a fancy way of saying lots of novelty, lots of complexity, and lots of unpredictability. Google (GOOG) is great at this. They talk about 10x improvement and not 10% improvement. When you're asking for 10x improvement, you're throwing out all the existing assumptions, and you have to start radically new. You're massively increasing the amount of novelty, complexity, and unpredictability in your employees' work life.

    Risk is also a flow trigger, which is obvious for athletes. But it's not just physical risk. What you're really trying to do is get the brain to release dopamine, which happens when we take physical risk -- as well as an emotional, social, intellectual, or creative risk. Silicon Valley has an advantage here because it gives people space to fail and take those risks.

    Say I'm an executive, what's my easy answer for reaching a state of flow?

    There's no easy answer, and we always say this is not self-help. I will say that the people who are really good at this, they don't just go for flow at work, they want flow in their off-time, too. You're training the brain, and the more flow you get, the more flow you get.

    So what you're saying is, I should take up surfing.

    Sure. And creative projects are great -- painting, writing, all that stuff. Creative side projects are really important because they're very common flow triggers. Playing sports helps, and not just action sports. But it's important to remember these neurochemicals are potent and addictive, and this can be dangerous stuff. It's not a quick fix. And it's not guaranteed.

    You can build your environment around these 15 flow triggers, but flow is still a happy accident when it happens. All we can do is make you more accident-prone.