3. 提前选好一个议题。从会议日程当中选择一个对你非常重要的项目，提前进行准备，如此一来，提到这个议题的时候，你才有机会发言。当你逐渐习惯了发言之后，可以增加更多议题，但最开始的时候只针对一个议题发言会助于你建立自信。

    4. 提出问题。要想更加习惯发言，有一个最简单的方法，就是其他人提出的某个观点令你感兴趣时，要求对方对这一点进行详细阐述。加芬克尔称：“通过更加深入地探讨其他人的意见，你会觉得自己已经参与其中，进而成为一名积极主动的参与者。”你甚至可能从中学到一些对你来说非常重要的新东西。

    5. 不要自我审查。他建议：“每次开会前，承诺至少要说出一个自己想到的观点，”而不是在思考如何发言的时候，还要做自我批评或者干脆停下来。加芬克尔表示，一旦形成了一种习惯，“当你具备无需事先准备也能参与讨论的能力后，就能克服怕说错话的担忧了。”

    6. 承认不同意见不可避免——而且它们非常有用。加芬克尔引用了《应用心理学杂志》（Journal of Applied Psychology）发表的一项研究，研究得出的结论称：“即便反对的观点是错误的，也能引发其他人更全面的思考，进而产生更多解决方案，提高解决问题的创造力。”所以，不要犹豫，抱着尊敬的态度提出自己的不同观点。

    7. 不要放弃自己的权利。加芬克尔发现：“开会时屈从于老板或其他高层，或受到其他人胁迫时，人们通常都会选择顺从。但在这个过程中，你其实是放弃了自己的权利。事实上，如果有人——尤其是所谓的下属——坚持自己的观点，通常都会引起高层的关注。所以，要抓住机会展示自己的实力和能力。”

    当然，这些都需要拿出时间进行练习。尤其是因为，你现在需要改变的是，你总把自己的想法藏在心里这个根深蒂固的习惯。但为此所做的努力都将是值得的。打破沉默不仅有助于自己的职业发展，而且加芬克尔发现：“如果你不分享自己的知识和观点，那你实际上是在给会议和整个公司帮倒忙。”祝你好运！

    反馈：你是否曾克服过不愿意在会上表达自己观点的情绪？你是如何做到的？欢迎评论。（财富中文网）

    译者：刘进龙/汪皓

    3. Choose a topic ahead of time. Pick out one item on the agenda that's important to you and prepare in advance, so you'll be ready to chime in when the subject arises. As you get more accustomed to talking, you can do this with several topics, but starting with just one will build your confidence.

    4. Ask questions. One of the easiest ways to get more comfortable with speaking is to ask others to elaborate on a point they've made that interests you. "By probing a little more deeply into someone else's comment, you'll feel engaged and become an active participant," Garfinkle says. You could even learn something new that might turn out to be important.

    5. Don't censor yourself. "Commit beforehand to expressing at least one idea that pops into your head" at each meeting, he suggests, without second-guessing yourself or pausing while you edit what you'll say. Once this becomes a habit, Garfinkle says that "your ability to jump into a conversation without preparing first will overcome any lingering fears" of saying the wrong thing.

    6. Recognize that disagreements are inevitable -- and useful. Garfinkle cites research published in the Journal of Applied Psychology that concluded that "even when [dissenting] points of view are wrong, they cause the rest of the group to think better, to create more solutions, and to improve the creativity of problem-solving." So don't hesitate to respectfully raise a different point of view.

    7. Don't give your power away. "It's common in meetings to defer to a boss, others higher up in the organization, or someone who intimidates you," Garfinkle notes. "However, you may be giving your power away in the process. Senior executives will notice when someone -- especially a so-called underling -- stands firm with his or her own ideas. So look for opportunities to showcase your strengths and competencies."

    Of course, all of this will take a bit of time and practice, especially since you're trying to change a long-entrenched habit of keeping your thoughts to yourself. But it's worth the effort. Not only will breaking your silence probably help your career, but, Garfinkle notes, "if you don't share your knowledge and opinions, you're really doing the meeting -- and the entire organization -- a disservice." Good luck!

    Talkback: Have you overcome a reluctance to express your ideas in meetings? How did you do it? Leave a comment below.