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四天工作制试验结果:疲惫与职业倦怠降低

ALEXA MIKHAIL
2023-02-23

每周只工作4天可以改善员工的倦怠和压力,让他们的病假和事假变少。

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一项最新研究表明,4天工作制可以在不影响公司实现目标的前提下改善员工生活。

剑桥大学和波士顿学院的研究人员在英国进行的试验发现,每周只工作4天可以改善员工的倦怠和压力,让他们的病假和事假变少。

一份新闻稿引述了剑桥大学社会学家大卫·弗莱恩博士的表态:“研究结果让我们感到振奋,结果显示,通过多种方式把四天工作制从梦想变成现实的公司享受到了诸多好处。”

各行各业的员工都报告说,焦虑、疲劳和睡眠不好的感觉减少了,身体健康状况改善了。与4天工作制试验初期相比,71%的员工报告说倦怠感降低了,39%的员工报告说压力下降了。总体来看,病假和事假减少了65%。

上述结果与之前在其他国家的试验取得的积极结果相互呼应。此次试验由非营利性组织4 Day Week Global推进开展,该组织在2022年秋季发表的美国和爱尔兰试验中也得出了类似结论。试验中,雇主的业绩变好了,员工的倦怠和压力水平都有所降低。

“员工们普遍表示压力明显减轻了。” 新闻稿引述剑桥大学社会学系研究员、在读博士生尼亚姆·布雷森·哈伯德的说法,“许多人说自己在家里可以更自由地断电、更轻松地呼吸。有人告诉我们,他们的‘周日恐惧’消失了。”

近3000名员工参加了这项在英国进行的综合性研究,他们在2022年6月至12月期间坚持每周减少20%的工作时间。英国有61家公司以各种方式参与试验(并不是所有公司都选择周五放假)。然而,这项研究的要求是,在员工维持标准工资的同时,工作时间越短,就越需要“有意义”。

研究人员还探讨了减少每周工作时间如何影响人们对工作生活的平衡感,既包括照顾家庭的责任,也包括个人的休闲安排:60%的人表示更容易平衡工作和家庭,62%的人表示更容易平衡工作和社交生活。该新闻稿称,研究人员表示,新冠疫情凸显了人们在心理健康和家庭责任中存在的不平等,这些不平等影响了一个人最大程度地发挥工作潜能。因此,重视员工的整体幸福感不仅是个人问题,也是商业问题。

这项分析还包括对员工和企业领导在体验4天工作制之前、期间和之后的深度采访。一位非营利组织首席执行官在受访时表示:“我憎恶疫情,但它让我们更全面立体地看到彼此,它让我们都意识到拥有一个健康头脑和家庭的重要性。”

有些人担心工作产出会降低,但事实上,工作时长的减少反而让人们有机会减少不必要的磨蹭,磨蹭拖延对实现产出目标或企业营利毫无帮助。该分析发现,每周工作时间的减少并没有影响公司的收入——在参与试验的行业中,公司收入平均上涨1.4%。在此前美国和爱尔兰的试验中,收入大幅提升了38%。

“员工们自己都变得非常热衷于提升效率。参与人数过多的长时间会议被缩短或完全取消。员工磨洋工的现象变少了,他们都积极寻找提高产出效率的科技手段。” 社会科学教授、剑桥大学的研究负责人布伦丹·波切尔在新闻稿中说。

试点结束后,61家企业中有56家决定继续减少工作时间,其中18家决定永久减少工作时间。(财富中文网)

译者:Agatha

一项最新研究表明,4天工作制可以在不影响公司实现目标的前提下改善员工生活。

剑桥大学和波士顿学院的研究人员在英国进行的试验发现,每周只工作4天可以改善员工的倦怠和压力,让他们的病假和事假变少。

一份新闻稿引述了剑桥大学社会学家大卫·弗莱恩博士的表态:“研究结果让我们感到振奋,结果显示,通过多种方式把四天工作制从梦想变成现实的公司享受到了诸多好处。”

各行各业的员工都报告说,焦虑、疲劳和睡眠不好的感觉减少了,身体健康状况改善了。与4天工作制试验初期相比,71%的员工报告说倦怠感降低了,39%的员工报告说压力下降了。总体来看,病假和事假减少了65%。

上述结果与之前在其他国家的试验取得的积极结果相互呼应。此次试验由非营利性组织4 Day Week Global推进开展,该组织在2022年秋季发表的美国和爱尔兰试验中也得出了类似结论。试验中,雇主的业绩变好了,员工的倦怠和压力水平都有所降低。

“员工们普遍表示压力明显减轻了。” 新闻稿引述剑桥大学社会学系研究员、在读博士生尼亚姆·布雷森·哈伯德的说法,“许多人说自己在家里可以更自由地断电、更轻松地呼吸。有人告诉我们,他们的‘周日恐惧’消失了。”

近3000名员工参加了这项在英国进行的综合性研究,他们在2022年6月至12月期间坚持每周减少20%的工作时间。英国有61家公司以各种方式参与试验(并不是所有公司都选择周五放假)。然而,这项研究的要求是,在员工维持标准工资的同时,工作时间越短,就越需要“有意义”。

研究人员还探讨了减少每周工作时间如何影响人们对工作生活的平衡感,既包括照顾家庭的责任,也包括个人的休闲安排:60%的人表示更容易平衡工作和家庭,62%的人表示更容易平衡工作和社交生活。该新闻稿称,研究人员表示,新冠疫情凸显了人们在心理健康和家庭责任中存在的不平等,这些不平等影响了一个人最大程度地发挥工作潜能。因此,重视员工的整体幸福感不仅是个人问题,也是商业问题。

这项分析还包括对员工和企业领导在体验4天工作制之前、期间和之后的深度采访。一位非营利组织首席执行官在受访时表示:“我憎恶疫情,但它让我们更全面立体地看到彼此,它让我们都意识到拥有一个健康头脑和家庭的重要性。”

有些人担心工作产出会降低,但事实上,工作时长的减少反而让人们有机会减少不必要的磨蹭,磨蹭拖延对实现产出目标或企业营利毫无帮助。该分析发现,每周工作时间的减少并没有影响公司的收入——在参与试验的行业中,公司收入平均上涨1.4%。在此前美国和爱尔兰的试验中,收入大幅提升了38%。

“员工们自己都变得非常热衷于提升效率。参与人数过多的长时间会议被缩短或完全取消。员工磨洋工的现象变少了,他们都积极寻找提高产出效率的科技手段。” 社会科学教授、剑桥大学的研究负责人布伦丹·波切尔在新闻稿中说。

试点结束后,61家企业中有56家决定继续减少工作时间,其中18家决定永久减少工作时间。(财富中文网)

译者:Agatha

The verdict is in. A 4-day workweek improves employees’ lives without weakening company goals, at least according to a new study.

Trials in the U.K. conducted by researchers from the University of Cambridge and Boston College found that the 4-day workweek improved employees’ feelings of burnout and stress, and reduced their sick and personal days.

“We feel really encouraged by the results, which showed the many ways companies were turning the four-day week from a dream into realistic policy, with multiple benefits,” says Dr. David Frayne, a sociologist at the University of Cambridge, in a press release.

Employees across industries reported decreased feelings of anxiety, fatigue, and poor sleep, and increased physical health. Seventy-one percent of the employees reported feeling lower levels of burnout, and 39% reported lower levels of stress compared to the beginning of the 4-day workweek trial. Overall, sick and personal days taken decreased by 65%.

The results echo previous trials yielding positive outcomes in other countries. 4 Day Week Global, the nonprofit that helped facilitate the trial, found similar results in their U.S. and Ireland trial published in the fall of 2022. Employers reported stronger work performance, and employees reported lower levels of burnout and stress.

“It was common for employees to describe a significant reduction in stress,” Niamh Bridson Hubbard, researcher and PhD candidate in the sociology department at the University of Cambridge, says in the press release. “Many described being able to switch off or breathe more easily at home. One person told us how their ‘Sunday dread’ had disappeared.”

The comprehensive study in the U.K. included nearly 3,000 employees who adhered to a 20% weekly reduction in work hours from June to December of 2022. Sixty-one companies across the U.K. participated in the work hours reduction in myriad ways (not all simply took Friday off). The study’s requirement, however, was that the fewer working hours needed to be “meaningful” while employees maintained standard pay.

The researchers also explored how reducing the workweek impacted people’s sense of a work-life balance when it comes to caregiving responsibilities and leisure time: 60% said it was easier to balance work and caregiving, while 62% said it was easier to balance work and social life. Researchers say the pandemic underscored existing inequalities in mental health and caregiving responsibilities that affect one’s ability to work to their utmost potential, according to the press release. Valuing overall well-being is therefore not only a personal issue but a buissness issue.

This analysis included in-depth interviews with employees and leaders who spoke before, during, and after experiencing the 4-day workweek trial. One CEO of a nonprofit interviewed for the trial says: “I hated the pandemic, but it’s made us see each other much more in the round, and it’s made us all realise the importance of having a healthy head, and that family matters,” in the press release.

While some have feared productivity tanking, the reduction instead gave people a chance to cut back on the unnecessary lingering time that does not aid productivity goals or the bottom line. This analysis found that a reduced workweek did not affect company revenue—on average, it increased by 1.4% across the industries studied. In the previous U.S. and Ireland trials, revenue jumped by 38%.

“Many employees were very keen to find efficiency gains themselves. Long meetings with too many people were cut short or ditched completely. Workers were much less inclined to kill time, and actively sought out technologies that improved their productivity,” Brendan Burchell, professor of social sciences and leader of the University of Cambridge research, says in the press release.

After the trial finished, 56 of the 61 companies decided to keep their work hours reduced, with 18 making the policy permanent.

财富中文网所刊载内容之知识产权为财富媒体知识产权有限公司及/或相关权利人专属所有或持有。未经许可,禁止进行转载、摘编、复制及建立镜像等任何使用。
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