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越来越多的美国年轻人选择与父母同住

ALICIA ADAMCZYK
2023-06-02

与家人同住使得她能够偿还更多学生贷款。

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28岁的艾琳·克劳利(Erin Crawley)与父亲和继母一起生活了一年半时间。这使她能够偿还学生贷款,并开始为买房存钱。图片来源:COURTESY OF ERIN CRAWLEY

2016年大学毕业后,艾琳·克劳利搬到了达拉斯,她兴奋地开始精心规划自己的成年生活,包括自己的公寓、社交安排和职业生涯。不那么令人兴奋的是:随之而来的所有账单。

“我之前的财务状况还不错。我那时正在偿还学生贷款,还能够支付房租和一切费用。但我只支付了最低还款额。”28岁的克劳利告诉《财富》杂志。“我想减轻压力。”

由于账单吞噬了她的大部分收入,她在数年时间里做着两份工作,只为了多进行一点消费而无需感到内疚。到2021年底,她的压力已经非常大了。面对每月400美元的租金上涨,克劳利采取了传言中的、经常被人诟病的做法(许多千禧一代都采取了这样的做法):她决定搬去和父亲和继母同住,以节省开支,并偿还学生贷款。在过去的一年半时间里,这是个相当不错的安排。克劳利住在自己的卧室里,无需支付租金,远程从事营销工作。作为回报,她偶尔会照看两个妹妹,并负担部分杂货费用和水电费。

“在电影里,一位年轻女孩搬到大都市,拥有了自己的公寓,这就是我的梦想。当我做到这一点时,我觉得自己很了不起,很有成就感。但我赚的钱远远不够维持生活。”她说。

与家人同住使得她能够偿还更多学生贷款,今年早些时候,她偿清了4.1万美元的全部贷款余额,比她最初每月支付最低还款额时的预期提前了七年。现在,她正在为退休和旅游等其他目标积极存钱。

她说:“与父母同住真的让我可以把资金用在提高生活质量上。我的生活成本很低。我很幸运能与父母同住。”

美国人口普查局(U.S. Census Bureau)的数据显示,过去几十年来,美国年轻人与父母同住或住在另一种类型的多代同堂家庭中的比例一直在上升,尤其是年龄在25岁至34岁之间的年轻人。主要原因是不断上升的学生贷款负担和住房成本,尤其是在大城市。

尽管越来越多的千禧一代搬回家住在美国文化中会招致负面评价——36%的美国人告诉皮尤研究中心(Pew),越来越多的年轻人和父母同住对社会有害,个人理财专家戴夫·拉姆齐(Dave Ramsey)称他们为“火车残骸”——克劳利和其他20多岁的人说,只要你和家人相处融洽,这是一个明智的财务决定。由于天价租金、学生贷款,以及从杂货、汽油到水电等的价格的不断上涨,许多年轻工作者都表示,他们过着月光族的生活,根本无法储蓄,更不用说坚持理财顾问建议的将20%的收入用于银行储蓄的经验法则了。他们说,这种经济状况让他们很难成为一个“经济独立的成年人”。

在储蓄方面的优势

在过去的十多年里,人们对千禧一代与父母同住以及被认为陷入发展停滞的状态(Z世代,下一个就是你了)感到非常绝望。

但先锋集团(Vanguard)的理财顾问蒂安娜·帕蒂罗(Tiana Patillo)表示,与父母同住让年轻人有机会为自己的资金制定计划,同时了解作为成年人的财务义务。当生活成本变得像如今这样高昂,工资上涨幅度跟不上物价上涨幅度时,那些得到支持的人并不是火车残骸——他们只是在日益难以维持的情况下充分利用资源而已。

帕蒂罗说:“这给了你一个制定战略、追求目标并实现目标的机会。不要操之过急。我从未想过作为一个成年人的代价。当你急于完成这件事时,有时会让自己陷入不利境地。我们很多人都是入不敷出。”

出于隐私原因,玛罗林(Mallory)要求隐去自己的姓氏。2019年底,她搬到了当时男友的家里,以便在房价高昂的旧金山湾区攒钱买房。当新冠疫情来袭时,他们希望这种生活安排能持续数月。直到2021年底,他们才搬出去住。

“我们厌倦了在城里付房租生活。我们住在一个蹩脚的公寓里;那里不断在施工,我们为住在那里支付了高昂的租金。”玛罗林告诉《财富》杂志,他们从2021年10月开始租了一年期的公寓,每月租金约为3500美元。“我们很幸运有这个选择。”

幸运的是(这对夫妇很快意识到),他们在一年后搬回了她如今的婆婆家。他们现在还住在那里。

在与婆婆同住期间,这位27岁的年轻人和她的丈夫能够用积蓄支付婚礼的大部分费用,同时实现退休账户的个人供款部分达到最高限额,并实现其他储蓄目标。这与她大学毕业搬到旧金山,过着月光族的生活的时候有着天壤之别。

“与父母同住有着负面含义,因为我们从小就被灌输这样的思想,作为成年人,要读书,还要找份工作。如果你搬回来住,你就不是在按部就班地行事。但事情不一定非得这样。”

建立更牢固的关系

玛罗林和她的丈夫获得了经济上的便利,而且他们真的很享受和公公、婆婆在一起的时光:他们分摊水电费和杂货费,玛罗林经常为大家做饭(对有环保意识的一代来说,另一大好处是:减少食物浪费)。她还喜欢和婆婆一起徒步旅行和追《继承之战》(Succession )。

她说:“如果我们不住在这里,我就不会和他们这么亲近。这让我有机会更接近他的家人,这很有意义。”

虽然玛罗林不愿说她目前的生活的诸多缺点,但她很高兴有一天能装饰自己的家,重新拥有自己的空间。在扮演了多年毕恭毕敬的房客之后,她期待着在忙碌一天之后,可以在水槽里留下几个脏盘子。

和玛罗林一样,克劳利和父母、兄弟姐妹的关系也越来越亲密,她很珍惜和父母一起生活的日子。她说,在她的菲律宾家庭里,多代同堂被认为是常态。“我的父母甚至不知道我当初为什么要离开。”她开玩笑说。

她补充说:“这让我更加重视社区。我们需要其他人的支持,这就是人类的生活方式。为了在这个世界上生存下来,我们需要其他人的支持。和家人同住让我想起了这一点。”

但她的安排有一点不太理想,那就是她的社交生活。虽然她还和老朋友们聊天,但她的父母住在巴尔的摩郊区。结识新朋友或恋人并不那么容易。

克劳利说:“在我看来,这是为了实现财务自由而做出的暂时性让步。未来一两年,我可能会考虑搬回达拉斯或其他城市。因此,我可以接受自己的社交生活跌入谷底的情况。”(财富中文网)

译者:中慧言-王芳

2016年大学毕业后,艾琳·克劳利搬到了达拉斯,她兴奋地开始精心规划自己的成年生活,包括自己的公寓、社交安排和职业生涯。不那么令人兴奋的是:随之而来的所有账单。

“我之前的财务状况还不错。我那时正在偿还学生贷款,还能够支付房租和一切费用。但我只支付了最低还款额。”28岁的克劳利告诉《财富》杂志。“我想减轻压力。”

由于账单吞噬了她的大部分收入,她在数年时间里做着两份工作,只为了多进行一点消费而无需感到内疚。到2021年底,她的压力已经非常大了。面对每月400美元的租金上涨,克劳利采取了传言中的、经常被人诟病的做法(许多千禧一代都采取了这样的做法):她决定搬去和父亲和继母同住,以节省开支,并偿还学生贷款。在过去的一年半时间里,这是个相当不错的安排。克劳利住在自己的卧室里,无需支付租金,远程从事营销工作。作为回报,她偶尔会照看两个妹妹,并负担部分杂货费用和水电费。

“在电影里,一位年轻女孩搬到大都市,拥有了自己的公寓,这就是我的梦想。当我做到这一点时,我觉得自己很了不起,很有成就感。但我赚的钱远远不够维持生活。”她说。

与家人同住使得她能够偿还更多学生贷款,今年早些时候,她偿清了4.1万美元的全部贷款余额,比她最初每月支付最低还款额时的预期提前了七年。现在,她正在为退休和旅游等其他目标积极存钱。

她说:“与父母同住真的让我可以把资金用在提高生活质量上。我的生活成本很低。我很幸运能与父母同住。”

美国人口普查局(U.S. Census Bureau)的数据显示,过去几十年来,美国年轻人与父母同住或住在另一种类型的多代同堂家庭中的比例一直在上升,尤其是年龄在25岁至34岁之间的年轻人。主要原因是不断上升的学生贷款负担和住房成本,尤其是在大城市。

尽管越来越多的千禧一代搬回家住在美国文化中会招致负面评价——36%的美国人告诉皮尤研究中心(Pew),越来越多的年轻人和父母同住对社会有害,个人理财专家戴夫·拉姆齐(Dave Ramsey)称他们为“火车残骸”——克劳利和其他20多岁的人说,只要你和家人相处融洽,这是一个明智的财务决定。由于天价租金、学生贷款,以及从杂货、汽油到水电等的价格的不断上涨,许多年轻工作者都表示,他们过着月光族的生活,根本无法储蓄,更不用说坚持理财顾问建议的将20%的收入用于银行储蓄的经验法则了。他们说,这种经济状况让他们很难成为一个“经济独立的成年人”。

在储蓄方面的优势

在过去的十多年里,人们对千禧一代与父母同住以及被认为陷入发展停滞的状态(Z世代,下一个就是你了)感到非常绝望。

但先锋集团(Vanguard)的理财顾问蒂安娜·帕蒂罗(Tiana Patillo)表示,与父母同住让年轻人有机会为自己的资金制定计划,同时了解作为成年人的财务义务。当生活成本变得像如今这样高昂,工资上涨幅度跟不上物价上涨幅度时,那些得到支持的人并不是火车残骸——他们只是在日益难以维持的情况下充分利用资源而已。

帕蒂罗说:“这给了你一个制定战略、追求目标并实现目标的机会。不要操之过急。我从未想过作为一个成年人的代价。当你急于完成这件事时,有时会让自己陷入不利境地。我们很多人都是入不敷出。”

出于隐私原因,玛罗林(Mallory)要求隐去自己的姓氏。2019年底,她搬到了当时男友的家里,以便在房价高昂的旧金山湾区攒钱买房。当新冠疫情来袭时,他们希望这种生活安排能持续数月。直到2021年底,他们才搬出去住。

“我们厌倦了在城里付房租生活。我们住在一个蹩脚的公寓里;那里不断在施工,我们为住在那里支付了高昂的租金。”玛罗林告诉《财富》杂志,他们从2021年10月开始租了一年期的公寓,每月租金约为3500美元。“我们很幸运有这个选择。”

幸运的是(这对夫妇很快意识到),他们在一年后搬回了她如今的婆婆家。他们现在还住在那里。

在与婆婆同住期间,这位27岁的年轻人和她的丈夫能够用积蓄支付婚礼的大部分费用,同时实现退休账户的个人供款部分达到最高限额,并实现其他储蓄目标。这与她大学毕业搬到旧金山,过着月光族的生活的时候有着天壤之别。

“与父母同住有着负面含义,因为我们从小就被灌输这样的思想,作为成年人,要读书,还要找份工作。如果你搬回来住,你就不是在按部就班地行事。但事情不一定非得这样。”

建立更牢固的关系

玛罗林和她的丈夫获得了经济上的便利,而且他们真的很享受和公公、婆婆在一起的时光:他们分摊水电费和杂货费,玛罗林经常为大家做饭(对有环保意识的一代来说,另一大好处是:减少食物浪费)。她还喜欢和婆婆一起徒步旅行和追《继承之战》(Succession )。

她说:“如果我们不住在这里,我就不会和他们这么亲近。这让我有机会更接近他的家人,这很有意义。”

虽然玛罗林不愿说她目前的生活的诸多缺点,但她很高兴有一天能装饰自己的家,重新拥有自己的空间。在扮演了多年毕恭毕敬的房客之后,她期待着在忙碌一天之后,可以在水槽里留下几个脏盘子。

和玛罗林一样,克劳利和父母、兄弟姐妹的关系也越来越亲密,她很珍惜和父母一起生活的日子。她说,在她的菲律宾家庭里,多代同堂被认为是常态。“我的父母甚至不知道我当初为什么要离开。”她开玩笑说。

她补充说:“这让我更加重视社区。我们需要其他人的支持,这就是人类的生活方式。为了在这个世界上生存下来,我们需要其他人的支持。和家人同住让我想起了这一点。”

但她的安排有一点不太理想,那就是她的社交生活。虽然她还和老朋友们聊天,但她的父母住在巴尔的摩郊区。结识新朋友或恋人并不那么容易。

克劳利说:“在我看来,这是为了实现财务自由而做出的暂时性让步。未来一两年,我可能会考虑搬回达拉斯或其他城市。因此,我可以接受自己的社交生活跌入谷底的情况。”(财富中文网)

译者:中慧言-王芳

When Erin Crawley moved to Dallas in 2016 after graduating college, she was excited to start crafting her adult life, complete with her own apartment, social calendar, and career. Less exciting: all of the bills that come with it.

“I was in an okay financial situation before. I was making payments on my student loans, able to pay for rent and everything. But I was only paying the minimum amount,” Crawley, 28, tells Fortune. “I wanted to relieve myself of the stress.”

With her bills taking up most of her income, she worked a second job for a few years just to have a little to spend without guilt. By the end of 2021, she had stressed out enough. Facing a $400 a month rent increase, Crawley took the fabled and oft-maligned step of many a millennial before her: She decided to move in with her father and stepmother to save money and pay down her student loans. It’s been a pretty good arrangement over the past year and a half. Crawley lives rent-free with her own bedroom, working her marketing job remotely. In return, she occasionally babysits her two younger sisters and pays for some groceries and utilities.

“Watching movies, watching a young girl move to the city, get her own apartment, that was a dream of mine. When I did it, I felt cool, I felt accomplished. But I wasn’t making nearly enough money to sustain living on my own,” she says.

Living with family allowed her to put significantly more toward her student loan payments, and she was able to knock out the entire $41,000 balance earlier this year, seven years earlier than her initial projections when she was making the minimum payments each month. Now, she’s saving aggressively for retirement and other goals, like travel.

“It’s really allowed me to put my money towards quality of life goals,” she says. “My costs are so low. I’m so lucky to have them.”

The share of young adults in the U.S. living with their parents or in another type of multigenerational household—in particular, those ages 25 to 34—has been increasing over the past few decades, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. Rising student loan burdens and housing costs, particularly in major cities, are big reasons why.

While the increasing number of millennials moving back home has gotten a bad rap in American culture—36% of Americans tell Pew that more young adults living with their parents is actively bad for society, and personal finance personality Dave Ramsey calls them “train wrecks”—Crawley and other twentysomethings say as long as you get along with your family, it’s a smart financial move. Many young workers report living paycheck-to-paycheck and not being able to save at all on their own, let alone adhere to the 20% of income rule of thumb financial advisors recommend, owing to astronomical rent prices, student debt, and ever-increasing prices for everything from groceries to gas to utilities. They say it’s an economy that makes it hard for them to be a “financially independent adult.”

A leg up on savings

Much hand-wringing has ensued over the past decade-plus about millennials living with their parents and their perceived state of arrested development (Gen Z, you’re next).

But Tiana Patillo, a financial advisor at Vanguard, says living with parents allows young people the chance to build a plan for their money while learning about the financial obligations of being an adult. When life gets as expensive as it has, and wages don’t keep up, those who have support aren’t train wrecks—they’re simply making the most of an increasingly untenable situation.

“It gives you an opportunity to strategize, go after your goals, and actually execute on them,” Patillo says. “Don’t rush. I never thought about the cost of being an adult. When you rush out and you do it, sometimes you’re putting yourself at a disadvantage. A lot of us spend above our means.”

Mallory, who asked that her last name be withheld for privacy reasons, moved in with her then-boyfriend’s family at the end of 2019 to save for a home in the pricey San Francisco Bay Area. The couple expected the living arrangement to last a few months, when COVID-19 hit. They didn’t move out on their own until the end of 2021.

“We were tired of paying rent in the city. We lived in such a crappy apartment; there was construction constantly, and we were paying too much to live there,” Mallory tells Fortune, noting the apartment they rented for a year starting in October 2021 cost around $3,500 per month. “We were lucky to have this as an option.”

So lucky, the couple soon realized, that they moved back in with her now in-laws a year later. They are still there now.

While living with her in-laws, the 27-year-old and her husband were able to pay for the majority of their wedding with the money they saved, while maxing out retirement account contributions and meeting other savings goals. It’s a world of difference from when she graduated from college, moved to San Francisco, and lived paycheck-to-paycheck.

“It has such a negative connotation around it because it’s instilled from a young age that you go to school, get a job—you’re an adult. If you move back in, you don’t have your stuff together,” she says. “But it doesn’t have to be that way.”

Building stronger relationships

While Mallory and her husband reap the financial benefits, they genuinely enjoy spending time with the older couple: They split utility and grocery costs, and Mallory often cooks dinner for everyone (another benefit for an environmentally minded generation: less food waste). She also enjoys hiking and watching Succession with her mother-in-law.

“I wouldn’t be as close with them if we didn’t live here,” she says. “It’s opened that opportunity for me to be closer to his family, which is great.”

Though Mallory is hesitant to say there are many downsides to her current living situation, she is excited to decorate her own home and have her space again one day. After years of playing the respectful houseguest, she looks forward to leaving a few dirty dishes in the sink after a long day.

Like Mallory, Crawley has grown closer with her parents and siblings and cherishes the years they’ve had living together. She says that living in a multigenerational household is considered the norm in her Filipino family. “My parents didn’t even know why I really left,” she joked.

“It’s made me value community a lot more,” she added. “We need people, that’s how humans work. We need other people in order to survive in this world. Being with my family has reminded me of that.”

But the one less-than-ideal aspect of her arrangement is her social life. While she still talks with her old friends, her parents live in the suburbs of Baltimore. It’s not as easy meeting new people—or romantic partners.

“In my mind, it’s a temporary sacrifice that I’m making for the financial freedom that I want,” Crawley says. “I’m thinking in the next year or two, I’ll maybe consider moving back to Dallas or another city. So I’m okay with my social life being in the dumps.”

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