Meta在2023年《财富》美国500强排行榜中排名第31位。该公司去年的收入为1166亿美元。
2016年11月,脸书(Facebook)首席执行官马克·扎克伯格和首席运营官谢丽尔·桑德伯格在作战室里低头讨论社交媒体作为极右翼错误信息放大器所带来的后果:唐纳德·特朗普当选为美国总统。大约在同一时间,时任脸书欧洲、中东和非洲地区业务(EMEA)副总裁的妮古拉·门德尔森正与丈夫坐在伦敦的家中,度过她一生中最糟糕的周末。她无暇顾及美国同事牵涉的政治问题。
门德尔森在她的腹股沟附近发现了一个不寻常的肿块。她没多想,但医生建议她做个扫描。那个星期五,她放下手机,回来时却看到医生打来一个又一个未接电话。她知道可能是坏消息。她心急如焚,想象着最坏的情况,想着该怎么告诉四个孩子。“我感觉非常糟糕(身体上),就像心口受到重击一样。”她回忆道。
结果正如她所担心的那样:那个小肿块是她全身数个肿瘤之一。她患有滤泡性淋巴瘤,这是一种无法治愈的血癌,每年有2.5万美国人被诊断出患有这种疾病。
那几乎是七年前的事了。在那个可怕的周末之后,门德尔森发誓再也不要体会到那种无望的感觉了。她的医生先是监测了她的癌症进展情况,然后她开始治疗,一直持续到新冠肺炎疫情时期,当时门德尔森因免疫系统减弱而居家隔离。如今,51岁的她已经没有疾病的征兆了,由于针对该疾病的研究相对薄弱、研发资金不足,她呼吁为患有这种疾病的患者开展相关研究。
癌症诊断可能是一次厘清利害关系的经历,促使患者重新安排生活事项。工作成为以后要考虑的事项。门德尔森也有过厘清利害关系的时刻,只不过她的癌症诊断强化了她想保持现状的想法。她热爱生活;她在广告方面的聪明才智与脸书声称的连接世界的使命不谋而合——这也是她深信不疑的事业。她如剧院儿童般的活力让她深受同事和伦敦创意界的青睐。战略咨询公司MediaLink人脉广泛的首席执行官迈克尔·卡桑表示:“人们希望妮古拉战胜病魔。”
在这段艰难的日子里,门德尔森一直在努力工作,在脸书和Meta的职位不断攀升。今年2月,Meta将门德尔森提拔为全球业务集团负责人,这是一个很有影响力的职位,负责处理与大型广告商的关系。去年,Meta 公司1140亿美元的广告收入中,大部分来自大型广告商。她还负责管理业务合作伙伴关系网和全球业务工程团队。随着桑德伯格和马恩·莱文等高管的离职,向首席运营官哈维尔·奥利文汇报工作的门德尔森已成为这家全球科技巨头中职位最高的女性之一。
对于这位土生土长的英国曼彻斯特人来说,这次晋升是她职业生涯中的一次壮举,她从未想过要成为一名位高权重的高层管理人员。但Meta目前的状况给这一成就蒙上了阴影:过去一年,该公司的销售额连续三个季度同比下滑,并宣布裁员约24%。对于广告商来说,Meta面临的经济前景黯淡,而广告商能够为科技巨头Meta的运营提供资金。
门德尔森并没有佯称自己的癌症经历带来了任何生活上的改变。相反,这巩固了她现有的管理风格:将手头的任务分解成更小、更容易管理的部分;放眼全局可能会让人不知所措。她就是这样熬过了诊断急性期;这就是她计划如何应对Meta更大的生存危机。
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像许多Meta高管一样,门德尔森可以侃侃而谈,她却三缄其口。只是当门德尔森这样做时,可以达到极佳的效果。这位资历相对较新的纽约市居民正坐在Meta位于阿斯特广场(Astor Place)的时髦办公室的Instagram区。她到达办公室时热情问候同事(这是她的惯例)——拥抱同事——再加上她标志性的女性风格,指甲涂成铬紫色。
当被问及脸书相对较新的Instagram Reels[可以在该平台上发布短视频,比Instagram Stories和脸书动态(Feed)提供的广告机会更少]的指标时,她说信息是未来,并开始讲述通过Meta的WhatsApp服务在巴西买鞋的故事。她用在英国长大时家里只有一台电视机的轶事来回避关于定向广告的隐私问题。“我不得不看很多与我无关的广告。”她回忆道。她分享说,自己25岁的女儿订婚了。如今,她和女儿看到的广告都是婚礼用品。“个性化广告意味着我可以看到自己感兴趣的东西。”她说。
作为Meta在全球主要广告商面前的代言人,门德尔森的个人魅力让她获益匪浅。当广告商对脸书失去信心时,比如在2020年因仇恨言论和错误信息而抵制脸书时,他们似乎仍然喜欢门德尔森。他们欣赏她的热情,她对他们的观点和担忧的关注,以及她令人印象深刻的举动,比如她送出的贴心礼物。她送给一位新晋升的广告主管一个带有恶魔之眼的手镯,意在为她驱走厄运(成为她的护身符)。
门德尔森是家中长女,也是唯一的女儿,父母都是虔诚的犹太人。她的母亲经营餐厅,祖母是一名服饰设计师——这两位都是早期职业女性的榜样。门德尔森想成为一名演员,但由于遵守安息日的规定,使得她无法在周五晚上进行戏剧表演。
她离开家去利兹大学(University of Leeds)读书,在那里她遇到了乔纳森·门德尔森。他是前工党的政治战略家,如今成为上议院议员,使得他的妻子成为门德尔森夫人。
门德尔森不确定大学毕业后从事什么工作,于是决定在伦敦的广告业中一探究竟。她的亲和友善与这座城市的冷静克制格格不入——在她闲聊时,地铁上的人投来奇怪的眼神——但在创意和关系错综复杂的广告业务中,这种特质对她大有裨益。她在英国顶级广告公司中步步高升,从Bartle Bogle Hegarty到Grey,再到Karmarama,为吉百利(Cadbury)、宝丽来(Polaroid)和哈根达斯(Häagen-Dazs)进入英国市场做过广告。
她和乔纳森很早就结婚了,门德尔森在26岁时生下了她四个孩子中的第一个。与她在《财富》美国500强公司的一些同龄人不同,她从来没想过要成为一名首席执行官,甚至没想过能够飞黄腾达。相反,她“想当祖母”,想找一份自己感兴趣并能乐在其中的工作。她继续工作,但有时会把家庭放在首位,选择一周工作四天,并连续多年减薪20%,直到她从脸书高管卡罗琳·埃弗森那里得到消息。埃弗森的职位与门德尔森今天的职位类似。
2013年,脸书需要有人来领导欧洲、中东和非洲地区的业务,当时该地区业务仍处于起步阶段,收入不到20亿美元。门德尔森并不是首选;她从未在大型跨国企业或科技公司工作过。但门德尔森极其擅于建立人际关系网,在英国关系紧密的广告界很容易交到朋友。此外,作为英国广告从业者协会(Institute of Practitioners in Advertising)的主席,她很早就支持数字广告。于是,她参加了脸书的面试,得到了这份工作,并从一周工作四天变成了五天,从英国广告业跳槽到全球科技行业。
在担任欧洲、中东和非洲地区业务副总裁的八年时间里,该地区业务年收入增长了1500%,达到近280亿美元。(脸书年收入同期增长了1700%。)她在挪威、以色列和南非开设了新办事处,并开展相关业务。门德尔森集中部署了各式“非洲”计划项目,从宽带接入到用户增长,在非洲大陆建立了脸书第一个办事处;在以色列,她利用创业文化为小公司开发产品。
一路走来,门德尔森赢得了老板和更多技术同事的尊重。除了维护与广告商的关系外,她还与客户和脸书工程团队进行沟通,以提出新功能和新产品方面的建议。“她了解我们的产品。她理解各项指标。她知道广告商在寻找什么。但她也了解客户,了解什么样的产品受客户欢迎。”桑德伯格说。她曾是门德尔森的老板,也是Meta的首席运营官,直到去年8月离职。
门德尔森成了不可或缺的人物,在她职权范围之外的事务中发挥着重要作用;虽然2020年的广告商抵制活动是美国方面的问题,但她在欧洲的行业专长使她成为脸书采取应对行动的重要战略家。英国副首相尼克·克莱格后来成为脸书全球事务总裁,他记得门德尔森有能力区分脸书在政治中所扮演的角色(在媒体方面)引起的轩然大波,以及广告商希望解决的关键问题,比如他们的广告内容出现仇恨言论旁边。克莱格说:“有些人可能会陷入困境。其他人只是耸耸肩。但[她]并没有当局者迷。”
2016年,门德尔森在脸书任职仅三年,就已声名鹊起。因此,当她收到诊断结果时,她身边有盟友支持。
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正如克莱格所描述的那样,在Meta纽约办公室,门德尔森的“传奇能量”在与我们的整个谈话过程中一直没有减弱。直到我们谈到一个重要话题:她曾罹患过的癌症。门德尔森的声音降到了较低的音域;她安静下来,靠在了椅子上。
她曾经向老板、员工以及自己创办的滤泡性淋巴瘤基金会的支持者们讲述过自己被确诊的故事。但回想起她第一次告诉四个孩子的场景时,她停顿了一下,双手抱头。
门德尔森确诊一周后,她和乔纳森让孩子们围坐在伦敦家里的餐桌旁。当时,她最大的孩子、也是唯一的女儿加比20岁;最小的儿子扎克11岁。“他当时还那么小。”门德尔森回忆道,她的声音有些颤抖。他们等了一个星期才弄清所有事实,以免毁了大儿子的生日聚会。
他们告诉孩子们,他们的妈妈得了癌症。门德尔森回忆道:“我无法开口。一切都像是慢动作。”他们无法安慰家人,说她会立即开始治疗;她的医生建议只有当癌症发展到一定阶段时才进行治疗。扎克问他们的妈妈是不是会离开人世。
他们无法回答这个问题。滤泡性淋巴瘤被认为是不治之症。任何化疗都不能保证癌症完全消失。一半的确诊患者还能活5年;三分之一的确诊患者还能活15年。
曾帮助门德尔森建立滤泡性淋巴瘤基金会的肿瘤学家、前血液学教授乔纳森·西蒙斯博士解释说,在最初的缓慢发展之后,这种疾病在淋巴结和骨髓中“迅速扩散”。在18个月的时间里,在她和家人等待医生批准开始进行治疗时,门德尔森的诊断结果成了无法避免的生活现实。除了改善饮食和开始锻炼(拳击、散步、跳舞)之外,她什么都做不了。
在她开始化疗后,门德尔森没有常规经验。她又长又浓密的头发稀疏了,但她从来不用戴假发。她买那顶假发是以为自己的头发会全部掉光。而且她也没有请假。她说,即使脸书承受了公众的愤怒,她也从未考虑过要休假。她带着笔记本电脑参加治疗,并进行线上会议。[她与阳狮集团(Publicis)首席执行官阿瑟·萨登(Arthur Sadoun)共同承诺支持员工与癌症作斗争。]尽管被诊断出癌症,她还是决心维持她所建立的生活——在家里和工作中:“仍然会嫁给同一个男人,做同样的工作。”她开玩笑说。
新冠肺炎疫情缩短了她最后阶段的治疗——免疫疗法。她在伦敦的家中进行居家隔离。在小儿子回学校上学时,她也和小儿子保持隔离状态。她的B细胞数目低意味着新冠疫苗对她不起作用。2021年4月,她接受了一种能产生合成抗体的药物治疗,得以重返户外。同年晚些时候,她从欧洲、中东和非洲地区业务副总裁晋升为全球业务集团副总裁,这是她目前职位的前身,并搬到了纽约。自2018年以来,她没有任何癌症征兆,但滤泡性淋巴瘤本身的性质意味着 “缓解”一词并不适用。
门德尔森说,她对脸书的奉献与其说是为了实现职业生涯晋升,不如说是为了实现公司的使命。对于极其善于社交的人来说,每天可能接触30亿人的工作是很难放弃的。她坚信人与人之间的联系可以带来益处,这让她回到了社交媒体早期时代,那时的风险——错误信息快速传播、仇恨言论传播——还没有显现出来。她认为助力企业实现盈利是有意义的,美国广告商在Meta平台上每花1美元,就能获得3.31美元的收入。今年5月,她对媒体表示:“这些数字让我和我的团队每天都能起床投入工作。”
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今年甚至考验了Meta最热心的支持者。在经历了新冠肺炎疫情时代的繁荣之后,全球广告市场已经萎缩,Meta的收入增长已经放缓。2022年年中,Meta报告自2012年首次公开募股以来首次出现收入同比下降的情况。与去年同期相比下降1%,同时利润下降36%,这敲响了警钟。首席执行官马克·扎克伯格宣布2023年为“效率年”。翻译一下就是:裁员。自11月以来,Meta至少进行了四轮裁员,裁掉了逾2.1万名员工,约占其员工总数的24%。
Meta面临的威胁将超过日历年。在被竞争对手TikTok迷住的年轻一代中,该平台正在失去现实意义。更普遍的是,用户对社交媒体越来越不信任;来自网红和品牌的内容——而不是朋友的内容——充斥着他们的动态。脸书开创的社交媒体时代的社交部分可能已经达到顶峰。
扎克伯格需要仔细思考这一沉重问题。门德尔森正在逐步解决她手头上较小的、运营方面的挑战。
5月,Meta裁员潮冲击了门德尔森和贾斯汀·奥索夫斯基共同领导的业务部门,后者负责小企业、在线销售和运营以及合作伙伴关系。面对员工士气低落(由于裁员计划交错展开而变得更糟),她把公司重点关注效率解释为这是脸书回到过去美好时光的手段。她说:“这有点像让我们回归本源,让我们回到更敏捷、更灵活的状态。”Meta如今能够“用比以前更快的方式打造新产品,也能用比以前更快的方式实现产品创新。”
“(妮古拉) 了解我们的产品。她理解各项指标。她知道广告商在寻找什么。但她也了解客户,了解什么样的产品受客户欢迎。”
——谢丽尔·桑德伯格,Meta前首席运营官
在Meta之外,经济前景也很黯淡。Insider Intelligence的数据显示,今年全球数字广告支出预计将达到6010亿美元,但增长速度正在放缓。在脸书和Instagram之间,Meta占据了广告商20%的数字预算。在经济低迷时期,他们希望证明这种策略能够得到回报。在由门德尔森主持的Meta全球客户委员会(由25家顶级广告商组成)定期会议上,高管们曾经重点关注仇恨言论。如今他们重点关注投资回报。“我们应该把资金花在什么地方?”我们如何最有效地利用资金?是脸书、Instagram Reels还是TikTok?英国广告和传播公司WPP的首席客户官琳赛·帕蒂森问道。
苹果公司2020年的隐私政策变化使这种黯淡的广告环境变得更糟糕。那一年,苹果向iOS用户发送提示,询问他们在使用脸书和其他应用程序时是否希望被跟踪。Meta估计,此类政策将使其损失100亿美元。它将更多的广告体验自动化,帮助抵消广告商的成本。尽管如此,门德尔森还是把矛头指向了苹果:“许多不同的企业都表示,由于它们无法直接瞄准客户而导致破产。”她说,并以一家小镇披萨店为例(纯属假设)。但她承认,苹果的隐私政策变化“也影响了我们的业务”。
还有TikTok。如果字节跳动(ByteDance)旗下的这款应用程序能够找到与Meta一样的盈利方式,它每年将多赚数十亿美元。“这会以牺牲别人的利益为代价吗?”伯恩斯坦研究公司(Bernstein Research)的分析师马克·施穆利克问道。“你不能忽视这一问题,因为他们不会在TikTok问题上停滞不前。”门德尔森说,她专注于为广告商增加价值:“他们在寻找能够实现增长的地方,他们会在Meta实现增长。”
Meta无法忽视TikTok,但它与TikTok的竞争可能会蚕食自己的业务。Meta应对来自TikTok的竞争的做法是推出Reels。在Reels上发布的视频比Stories长,这意味着在发布的视频之间播放广告的机会更少,而且收益更低。然而Meta声称用户正在观看更多的Reels短视频——在Instagram和脸书上每天播放1400亿次——并且在动态上的花费的时间减少了,这就减少了广告收入。门德尔森表示,脸书在推出Stories时也发现了同样的模式,它最初的盈利水平低于静态图片帖子。扎克伯格在Meta最新财报中表示,Instagram Reels上季度的盈利率提高了30%。
“(Meta)正处于关键时刻——收入增长陷入停滞。它们的规模不再扩大,而且正在进行大规模裁员。”杰富瑞集团(Jefferies)分析师布伦特·希尔表示。“他们正在尝试新的商业模式。但归根结底,主要的发展引擎还是广告收入,但考虑到目前的经济形势,企业处境艰难。”
门德尔森说,扎克伯格的新痴迷——人工智能——能够以微不足道的方式帮助解决这些问题。她说,2022年第四季度,Meta广告商的平均转化率提高了20%,这主要归功于人工智能。5月,Meta宣布计划推出其“人工智能沙盒”工具:能够调整亮度和文本位置,以提升广告效果的人工智能,以及编写文案和创建图像背景的生成人工智能。具体细节实现自动化能够让营销人员把更多的时间花在可以给他们带来“竞争优势”的技能上,比如开发活动和瞄准合适的用户。
在经历了数个月令人失望的收益之后,Meta在4月份发布了好消息。该公司公布销售额同比增长3%,这是近一年来的首次增长,这表明该公司正从苹果公司政策变化的冲击中实现反弹,并开始在短视频领域赢得市场份额。
如今,癌症并没有耗尽门德尔森的精力。她说:“如今我不会每天都想这件事了。这是我确诊时从未想过的。”她所想的是找到治疗滤泡性淋巴瘤的方法,这是她“绝对”希望在她的有生之年中实现的。这种疗法可以应用于与滤泡性淋巴瘤具有相同DNA结构的其他疾病,比如乳腺癌。西蒙斯称门德尔森为“滤泡性淋巴瘤的迈克尔·J·福克斯”。Meta高管为这种研发资金不足的疾病带来的知名度和资金,可能会改变120万患者的生活。
然而,一大问题仍迫在眉睫: 如果研究人员没有找到治疗方法怎么办?滤泡性淋巴瘤平均在患者身上复发六到八次,频率逐渐增加。门德尔森感到鼓舞的是,她已经五年没有复发了。她被诊断出患有滤泡性淋巴瘤时还很年轻,这使她“不是典型的滤泡性淋巴瘤患者”,这给她带来了希望(其他统计数据不适用于她的情况)。
有时会让人觉得门德尔森的乐观态度与她面前的前景并不相符。她不确定这种性格从何而来——“从孩提时起,我总是充满感激之情。”她说——但这是她专注于自己能控制的事情带来的,她并没有专注于“非常宏大的目标”。这种方法使她更容易应对面前的挑战——无论是与癌症共存,还是塑造世界上最大的科技公司之一的未来。
如今,她每周都要飞往世界各地。今年,她在一个月的时间里往返于纽约、以色列、帕洛阿尔托和英国国王查尔斯三世的加冕仪式。她设定了一个目标,要访问100个国家,并在圣卢西亚度假时将第100个国家从她的名单上划去。她仍然一如既往地致力于塑造Meta的未来,包括元宇宙。她说:“我无法想象资金在别的地方工作,我欣赏马克的下一阶段发展愿景。”
门德尔森说:不论是线上还是线下,“我正从容面对生活。”(财富中文网)
本文发表于《财富》杂志2023年6—7月刊。
译者:中慧言-王芳
Meta在2023年《财富》美国500强排行榜中排名第31位。该公司去年的收入为1166亿美元。
2016年11月,脸书(Facebook)首席执行官马克·扎克伯格和首席运营官谢丽尔·桑德伯格在作战室里低头讨论社交媒体作为极右翼错误信息放大器所带来的后果:唐纳德·特朗普当选为美国总统。大约在同一时间,时任脸书欧洲、中东和非洲地区业务(EMEA)副总裁的妮古拉·门德尔森正与丈夫坐在伦敦的家中,度过她一生中最糟糕的周末。她无暇顾及美国同事牵涉的政治问题。
门德尔森在她的腹股沟附近发现了一个不寻常的肿块。她没多想,但医生建议她做个扫描。那个星期五,她放下手机,回来时却看到医生打来一个又一个未接电话。她知道可能是坏消息。她心急如焚,想象着最坏的情况,想着该怎么告诉四个孩子。“我感觉非常糟糕(身体上),就像心口受到重击一样。”她回忆道。
结果正如她所担心的那样:那个小肿块是她全身数个肿瘤之一。她患有滤泡性淋巴瘤,这是一种无法治愈的血癌,每年有2.5万美国人被诊断出患有这种疾病。
那几乎是七年前的事了。在那个可怕的周末之后,门德尔森发誓再也不要体会到那种无望的感觉了。她的医生先是监测了她的癌症进展情况,然后她开始治疗,一直持续到新冠肺炎疫情时期,当时门德尔森因免疫系统减弱而居家隔离。如今,51岁的她已经没有疾病的征兆了,由于针对该疾病的研究相对薄弱、研发资金不足,她呼吁为患有这种疾病的患者开展相关研究。
癌症诊断可能是一次厘清利害关系的经历,促使患者重新安排生活事项。工作成为以后要考虑的事项。门德尔森也有过厘清利害关系的时刻,只不过她的癌症诊断强化了她想保持现状的想法。她热爱生活;她在广告方面的聪明才智与脸书声称的连接世界的使命不谋而合——这也是她深信不疑的事业。她如剧院儿童般的活力让她深受同事和伦敦创意界的青睐。战略咨询公司MediaLink人脉广泛的首席执行官迈克尔·卡桑表示:“人们希望妮古拉战胜病魔。”
在这段艰难的日子里,门德尔森一直在努力工作,在脸书和Meta的职位不断攀升。今年2月,Meta将门德尔森提拔为全球业务集团负责人,这是一个很有影响力的职位,负责处理与大型广告商的关系。去年,Meta 公司1140亿美元的广告收入中,大部分来自大型广告商。她还负责管理业务合作伙伴关系网和全球业务工程团队。随着桑德伯格和马恩·莱文等高管的离职,向首席运营官哈维尔·奥利文汇报工作的门德尔森已成为这家全球科技巨头中职位最高的女性之一。
对于这位土生土长的英国曼彻斯特人来说,这次晋升是她职业生涯中的一次壮举,她从未想过要成为一名位高权重的高层管理人员。但Meta目前的状况给这一成就蒙上了阴影:过去一年,该公司的销售额连续三个季度同比下滑,并宣布裁员约24%。对于广告商来说,Meta面临的经济前景黯淡,而广告商能够为科技巨头Meta的运营提供资金。
门德尔森并没有佯称自己的癌症经历带来了任何生活上的改变。相反,这巩固了她现有的管理风格:将手头的任务分解成更小、更容易管理的部分;放眼全局可能会让人不知所措。她就是这样熬过了诊断急性期;这就是她计划如何应对Meta更大的生存危机。
像许多Meta高管一样,门德尔森可以侃侃而谈,她却三缄其口。只是当门德尔森这样做时,可以达到极佳的效果。这位资历相对较新的纽约市居民正坐在Meta位于阿斯特广场(Astor Place)的时髦办公室的Instagram区。她到达办公室时热情问候同事(这是她的惯例)——拥抱同事——再加上她标志性的女性风格,指甲涂成铬紫色。
当被问及脸书相对较新的Instagram Reels[可以在该平台上发布短视频,比Instagram Stories和脸书动态(Feed)提供的广告机会更少]的指标时,她说信息是未来,并开始讲述通过Meta的WhatsApp服务在巴西买鞋的故事。她用在英国长大时家里只有一台电视机的轶事来回避关于定向广告的隐私问题。“我不得不看很多与我无关的广告。”她回忆道。她分享说,自己25岁的女儿订婚了。如今,她和女儿看到的广告都是婚礼用品。“个性化广告意味着我可以看到自己感兴趣的东西。”她说。
作为Meta在全球主要广告商面前的代言人,门德尔森的个人魅力让她获益匪浅。当广告商对脸书失去信心时,比如在2020年因仇恨言论和错误信息而抵制脸书时,他们似乎仍然喜欢门德尔森。他们欣赏她的热情,她对他们的观点和担忧的关注,以及她令人印象深刻的举动,比如她送出的贴心礼物。她送给一位新晋升的广告主管一个带有恶魔之眼的手镯,意在为她驱走厄运(成为她的护身符)。
门德尔森是家中长女,也是唯一的女儿,父母都是虔诚的犹太人。她的母亲经营餐厅,祖母是一名服饰设计师——这两位都是早期职业女性的榜样。门德尔森想成为一名演员,但由于遵守安息日的规定,使得她无法在周五晚上进行戏剧表演。
她离开家去利兹大学(University of Leeds)读书,在那里她遇到了乔纳森·门德尔森。他是前工党的政治战略家,如今成为上议院议员,使得他的妻子成为门德尔森夫人。
门德尔森不确定大学毕业后从事什么工作,于是决定在伦敦的广告业中一探究竟。她的亲和友善与这座城市的冷静克制格格不入——在她闲聊时,地铁上的人投来奇怪的眼神——但在创意和关系错综复杂的广告业务中,这种特质对她大有裨益。她在英国顶级广告公司中步步高升,从Bartle Bogle Hegarty到Grey,再到Karmarama,为吉百利(Cadbury)、宝丽来(Polaroid)和哈根达斯(Häagen-Dazs)进入英国市场做过广告。
她和乔纳森很早就结婚了,门德尔森在26岁时生下了她四个孩子中的第一个。与她在《财富》美国500强公司的一些同龄人不同,她从来没想过要成为一名首席执行官,甚至没想过能够飞黄腾达。相反,她“想当祖母”,想找一份自己感兴趣并能乐在其中的工作。她继续工作,但有时会把家庭放在首位,选择一周工作四天,并连续多年减薪20%,直到她从脸书高管卡罗琳·埃弗森那里得到消息。埃弗森的职位与门德尔森今天的职位类似。
2013年,脸书需要有人来领导欧洲、中东和非洲地区的业务,当时该地区业务仍处于起步阶段,收入不到20亿美元。门德尔森并不是首选;她从未在大型跨国企业或科技公司工作过。但门德尔森极其擅于建立人际关系网,在英国关系紧密的广告界很容易交到朋友。此外,作为英国广告从业者协会(Institute of Practitioners in Advertising)的主席,她很早就支持数字广告。于是,她参加了脸书的面试,得到了这份工作,并从一周工作四天变成了五天,从英国广告业跳槽到全球科技行业。
在担任欧洲、中东和非洲地区业务副总裁的八年时间里,该地区业务年收入增长了1500%,达到近280亿美元。(脸书年收入同期增长了1700%。)她在挪威、以色列和南非开设了新办事处,并开展相关业务。门德尔森集中部署了各式“非洲”计划项目,从宽带接入到用户增长,在非洲大陆建立了脸书第一个办事处;在以色列,她利用创业文化为小公司开发产品。
一路走来,门德尔森赢得了老板和更多技术同事的尊重。除了维护与广告商的关系外,她还与客户和脸书工程团队进行沟通,以提出新功能和新产品方面的建议。“她了解我们的产品。她理解各项指标。她知道广告商在寻找什么。但她也了解客户,了解什么样的产品受客户欢迎。”桑德伯格说。她曾是门德尔森的老板,也是Meta的首席运营官,直到去年8月离职。
门德尔森成了不可或缺的人物,在她职权范围之外的事务中发挥着重要作用;虽然2020年的广告商抵制活动是美国方面的问题,但她在欧洲的行业专长使她成为脸书采取应对行动的重要战略家。英国副首相尼克·克莱格后来成为脸书全球事务总裁,他记得门德尔森有能力区分脸书在政治中所扮演的角色(在媒体方面)引起的轩然大波,以及广告商希望解决的关键问题,比如他们的广告内容出现仇恨言论旁边。克莱格说:“有些人可能会陷入困境。其他人只是耸耸肩。但[她]并没有当局者迷。”
2016年,门德尔森在脸书任职仅三年,就已声名鹊起。因此,当她收到诊断结果时,她身边有盟友支持。
正如克莱格所描述的那样,在Meta纽约办公室,门德尔森的“传奇能量”在与我们的整个谈话过程中一直没有减弱。直到我们谈到一个重要话题:她曾罹患过的癌症。门德尔森的声音降到了较低的音域;她安静下来,靠在了椅子上。
她曾经向老板、员工以及自己创办的滤泡性淋巴瘤基金会的支持者们讲述过自己被确诊的故事。但回想起她第一次告诉四个孩子的场景时,她停顿了一下,双手抱头。
门德尔森确诊一周后,她和乔纳森让孩子们围坐在伦敦家里的餐桌旁。当时,她最大的孩子、也是唯一的女儿加比20岁;最小的儿子扎克11岁。“他当时还那么小。”门德尔森回忆道,她的声音有些颤抖。他们等了一个星期才弄清所有事实,以免毁了大儿子的生日聚会。
他们告诉孩子们,他们的妈妈得了癌症。门德尔森回忆道:“我无法开口。一切都像是慢动作。”他们无法安慰家人,说她会立即开始治疗;她的医生建议只有当癌症发展到一定阶段时才进行治疗。扎克问他们的妈妈是不是会离开人世。
他们无法回答这个问题。滤泡性淋巴瘤被认为是不治之症。任何化疗都不能保证癌症完全消失。一半的确诊患者还能活5年;三分之一的确诊患者还能活15年。
曾帮助门德尔森建立滤泡性淋巴瘤基金会的肿瘤学家、前血液学教授乔纳森·西蒙斯博士解释说,在最初的缓慢发展之后,这种疾病在淋巴结和骨髓中“迅速扩散”。在18个月的时间里,在她和家人等待医生批准开始进行治疗时,门德尔森的诊断结果成了无法避免的生活现实。除了改善饮食和开始锻炼(拳击、散步、跳舞)之外,她什么都做不了。
在她开始化疗后,门德尔森没有常规经验。她又长又浓密的头发稀疏了,但她从来不用戴假发。她买那顶假发是以为自己的头发会全部掉光。而且她也没有请假。她说,即使脸书承受了公众的愤怒,她也从未考虑过要休假。她带着笔记本电脑参加治疗,并进行线上会议。[她与阳狮集团(Publicis)首席执行官阿瑟·萨登(Arthur Sadoun)共同承诺支持员工与癌症作斗争。]尽管被诊断出癌症,她还是决心维持她所建立的生活——在家里和工作中:“仍然会嫁给同一个男人,做同样的工作。”她开玩笑说。
新冠肺炎疫情缩短了她最后阶段的治疗——免疫疗法。她在伦敦的家中进行居家隔离。在小儿子回学校上学时,她也和小儿子保持隔离状态。她的B细胞数目低意味着新冠疫苗对她不起作用。2021年4月,她接受了一种能产生合成抗体的药物治疗,得以重返户外。同年晚些时候,她从欧洲、中东和非洲地区业务副总裁晋升为全球业务集团副总裁,这是她目前职位的前身,并搬到了纽约。自2018年以来,她没有任何癌症征兆,但滤泡性淋巴瘤本身的性质意味着 “缓解”一词并不适用。
门德尔森说,她对脸书的奉献与其说是为了实现职业生涯晋升,不如说是为了实现公司的使命。对于极其善于社交的人来说,每天可能接触30亿人的工作是很难放弃的。她坚信人与人之间的联系可以带来益处,这让她回到了社交媒体早期时代,那时的风险——错误信息快速传播、仇恨言论传播——还没有显现出来。她认为助力企业实现盈利是有意义的,美国广告商在Meta平台上每花1美元,就能获得3.31美元的收入。今年5月,她对媒体表示:“这些数字让我和我的团队每天都能起床投入工作。”
今年甚至考验了Meta最热心的支持者。在经历了新冠肺炎疫情时代的繁荣之后,全球广告市场已经萎缩,Meta的收入增长已经放缓。2022年年中,Meta报告自2012年首次公开募股以来首次出现收入同比下降的情况。与去年同期相比下降1%,同时利润下降36%,这敲响了警钟。首席执行官马克·扎克伯格宣布2023年为“效率年”。翻译一下就是:裁员。自11月以来,Meta至少进行了四轮裁员,裁掉了逾2.1万名员工,约占其员工总数的24%。
Meta面临的威胁将超过日历年。在被竞争对手TikTok迷住的年轻一代中,该平台正在失去现实意义。更普遍的是,用户对社交媒体越来越不信任;来自网红和品牌的内容——而不是朋友的内容——充斥着他们的动态。脸书开创的社交媒体时代的社交部分可能已经达到顶峰。
扎克伯格需要仔细思考这一沉重问题。门德尔森正在逐步解决她手头上较小的、运营方面的挑战。
5月,Meta裁员潮冲击了门德尔森和贾斯汀·奥索夫斯基共同领导的业务部门,后者负责小企业、在线销售和运营以及合作伙伴关系。面对员工士气低落(由于裁员计划交错展开而变得更糟),她把公司重点关注效率解释为这是脸书回到过去美好时光的手段。她说:“这有点像让我们回归本源,让我们回到更敏捷、更灵活的状态。”Meta如今能够“用比以前更快的方式打造新产品,也能用比以前更快的方式实现产品创新。”
“(妮古拉) 了解我们的产品。她理解各项指标。她知道广告商在寻找什么。但她也了解客户,了解什么样的产品受客户欢迎。”
——谢丽尔·桑德伯格,Meta前首席运营官
在Meta之外,经济前景也很黯淡。Insider Intelligence的数据显示,今年全球数字广告支出预计将达到6010亿美元,但增长速度正在放缓。在脸书和Instagram之间,Meta占据了广告商20%的数字预算。在经济低迷时期,他们希望证明这种策略能够得到回报。在由门德尔森主持的Meta全球客户委员会(由25家顶级广告商组成)定期会议上,高管们曾经重点关注仇恨言论。如今他们重点关注投资回报。“我们应该把资金花在什么地方?”我们如何最有效地利用资金?是脸书、Instagram Reels还是TikTok?英国广告和传播公司WPP的首席客户官琳赛·帕蒂森问道。
苹果公司2020年的隐私政策变化使这种黯淡的广告环境变得更糟糕。那一年,苹果向iOS用户发送提示,询问他们在使用脸书和其他应用程序时是否希望被跟踪。Meta估计,此类政策将使其损失100亿美元。它将更多的广告体验自动化,帮助抵消广告商的成本。尽管如此,门德尔森还是把矛头指向了苹果:“许多不同的企业都表示,由于它们无法直接瞄准客户而导致破产。”她说,并以一家小镇披萨店为例(纯属假设)。但她承认,苹果的隐私政策变化“也影响了我们的业务”。
还有TikTok。如果字节跳动(ByteDance)旗下的这款应用程序能够找到与Meta一样的盈利方式,它每年将多赚数十亿美元。“这会以牺牲别人的利益为代价吗?”伯恩斯坦研究公司(Bernstein Research)的分析师马克·施穆利克问道。“你不能忽视这一问题,因为他们不会在TikTok问题上停滞不前。”门德尔森说,她专注于为广告商增加价值:“他们在寻找能够实现增长的地方,他们会在Meta实现增长。”
Meta无法忽视TikTok,但它与TikTok的竞争可能会蚕食自己的业务。Meta应对来自TikTok的竞争的做法是推出Reels。在Reels上发布的视频比Stories长,这意味着在发布的视频之间播放广告的机会更少,而且收益更低。然而Meta声称用户正在观看更多的Reels短视频——在Instagram和脸书上每天播放1400亿次——并且在动态上的花费的时间减少了,这就减少了广告收入。门德尔森表示,脸书在推出Stories时也发现了同样的模式,它最初的盈利水平低于静态图片帖子。扎克伯格在Meta最新财报中表示,Instagram Reels上季度的盈利率提高了30%。
“(Meta)正处于关键时刻——收入增长陷入停滞。它们的规模不再扩大,而且正在进行大规模裁员。”杰富瑞集团(Jefferies)分析师布伦特·希尔表示。“他们正在尝试新的商业模式。但归根结底,主要的发展引擎还是广告收入,但考虑到目前的经济形势,企业处境艰难。”
门德尔森说,扎克伯格的新痴迷——人工智能——能够以微不足道的方式帮助解决这些问题。她说,2022年第四季度,Meta广告商的平均转化率提高了20%,这主要归功于人工智能。5月,Meta宣布计划推出其“人工智能沙盒”工具:能够调整亮度和文本位置,以提升广告效果的人工智能,以及编写文案和创建图像背景的生成人工智能。具体细节实现自动化能够让营销人员把更多的时间花在可以给他们带来“竞争优势”的技能上,比如开发活动和瞄准合适的用户。
在经历了数个月令人失望的收益之后,Meta在4月份发布了好消息。该公司公布销售额同比增长3%,这是近一年来的首次增长,这表明该公司正从苹果公司政策变化的冲击中实现反弹,并开始在短视频领域赢得市场份额。
如今,癌症并没有耗尽门德尔森的精力。她说:“如今我不会每天都想这件事了。这是我确诊时从未想过的。”她所想的是找到治疗滤泡性淋巴瘤的方法,这是她“绝对”希望在她的有生之年中实现的。这种疗法可以应用于与滤泡性淋巴瘤具有相同DNA结构的其他疾病,比如乳腺癌。西蒙斯称门德尔森为“滤泡性淋巴瘤的迈克尔·J·福克斯”。Meta高管为这种研发资金不足的疾病带来的知名度和资金,可能会改变120万患者的生活。
然而,一大问题仍迫在眉睫: 如果研究人员没有找到治疗方法怎么办?滤泡性淋巴瘤平均在患者身上复发六到八次,频率逐渐增加。门德尔森感到鼓舞的是,她已经五年没有复发了。她被诊断出患有滤泡性淋巴瘤时还很年轻,这使她“不是典型的滤泡性淋巴瘤患者”,这给她带来了希望(其他统计数据不适用于她的情况)。
有时会让人觉得门德尔森的乐观态度与她面前的前景并不相符。她不确定这种性格从何而来——“从孩提时起,我总是充满感激之情。”她说——但这是她专注于自己能控制的事情带来的,她并没有专注于“非常宏大的目标”。这种方法使她更容易应对面前的挑战——无论是与癌症共存,还是塑造世界上最大的科技公司之一的未来。
如今,她每周都要飞往世界各地。今年,她在一个月的时间里往返于纽约、以色列、帕洛阿尔托和英国国王查尔斯三世的加冕仪式。她设定了一个目标,要访问100个国家,并在圣卢西亚度假时将第100个国家从她的名单上划去。她仍然一如既往地致力于塑造Meta的未来,包括元宇宙。她说:“我无法想象资金在别的地方工作,我欣赏马克的下一阶段发展愿景。”
门德尔森说:不论是线上还是线下,“我正从容面对生活。”(财富中文网)
本文发表于《财富》杂志2023年6—7月刊。
译者:中慧言-王芳
Meta ranks No. 31 on the 2023 Fortune 500 list. The company brought in $116.6 billion in revenues last year.
In November 2016, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg and COO Sheryl Sandberg were heads down in a war room navigating the fallout of social media’s role as an amplifier of far-right misinformation that helped elect U.S. President Donald Trump. Around the same time, Nicola Mendelsohn, then Facebook’s vice president of Europe, Middle East, and Africa (EMEA), was sitting at home in London with her husband, living through the worst weekend of her life. Her American colleagues’ political problems were likely very far from her mind.
Mendelsohn had discovered an unusual lump near her groin. She didn’t think anything of it, but a doctor suggested she get a scan. That Friday, she put her phone down and came back to see missed call after missed call from her doctor. She knew the news couldn’t be good. She spiraled, imagining the very worst, thinking about what she would tell her four kids. “I felt a physical feeling that this is really bad—like you’ve been hit in the solar plexus,” she remembers.
The results were as bad as she feared: The small lump was one of several tumors all over her body. She had follicular lymphoma, an incurable blood cancer that 25,000 Americans are diagnosed with each year.
That was almost seven years ago. After that horrible weekend, Mendelsohn vowed never to feel that hopeless again. Her doctor first monitored her cancer’s progression, then she began treatment that continued until the pandemic, when Mendelsohn isolated at home because of her weakened immune system. Now, at age 51, she has no evidence of disease, and advocates for patients with the under-researched and underfunded illness.
A cancer diagnosis can be a clarifying experience that prompts patients to reorder their lives. Work can become an afterthought. Mendelsohn also had that moment of clarity, except her diagnosis reinforced that she wanted to keep things as they were. She loved her life; her ad savvy aligned with Facebook’s purported mission to connect the world—a cause she deeply believes in. Her theater-kid energy had endeared her to colleagues and London’s creative community. “People want Nicola to win,” says Michael Kassan, the well-connected CEO of MediaLink, a strategic advisory firm.
Throughout the ordeal, Mendelsohn kept working and continued to climb the ranks at Facebook, and now Meta. This February, Meta promoted Mendelsohn to head of its global business group, an influential job handling relationships with the large advertisers that contributed the bulk of Meta’s $114 billion in ad revenue last year. She also oversees its business partnership network and global business engineering team. With the departures of executives like Sandberg and Marne Levine, Mendelsohn, who reports to COO Javier Olivan, has become one of the most senior women at the global tech giant.
The promotion is a career feat for the Manchester, England, native who never set out to be a high-powered executive. But Meta’s current state has tinged the achievement: Over the past year, it recorded three straight quarters of declining year-over-year sales, and it has announced layoffs of roughly 24% of its workers. It faces a dim economic outlook for advertisers whose dollars fuel Meta’s sprawling machine.
Mendelsohn doesn’t pretend that her experience with cancer inspired any life-altering changes. Rather, it cemented her existing management style: to distill the task at hand into smaller, manageable pieces; the big picture can be too overwhelming. That’s how she survived the acute phase of her diagnosis; that’s how she plans to navigate her piece of Meta’s larger, existential crisis.
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Like many Meta executives, Mendelsohn can talk a lot without saying much. Except when Mendelsohn does it, the effect can be genuinely charming. The relatively new New York City resident is sitting in the Instagram section of Meta’s hip Astor Place offices. She arrives with her usual bubbly greeting—a hug—and her signature feminine style, her nails painted a chrome purple.
When asked about metrics for Facebook’s relatively new Instagram Reels, the short video posts that offer fewer opportunities for ads than Instagram Stories and Facebook’s feed, she says messaging is the future and launches into a story about shopping for shoes in Brazil via Meta’s WhatsApp service. She uses an anecdote about growing up in England with one television set to deflect a question about the privacy concerns around targeted advertising. “I had to watch a lot of ads that had nothing to do with me,” she recalls. She shares that her 25-year-old daughter is engaged. Now the ads she and her daughter see are for wedding paraphernalia. “Personalized advertising means I get to see things I’m interested in,” she says.
As the face of Meta to major global advertisers, Mendelsohn’s charisma has served her well. When advertisers have soured on Facebook—like during their 2020 boycott over hate speech and misinformation—they still seemed to like Mendelsohn. They appreciated her enthusiasm, her interest in their perspectives and concerns, and her personal flourishes, like her thoughtful gifts. She gave one newly promoted advertising exec a bracelet featuring an evil eye, meant to keep watch on her behalf.
Mendelsohn grew up as the eldest child and only daughter of observant Jewish parents. Her mom ran a catering business and her grandmother was a haberdasher—two early role models for working women. Mendelsohn wanted to be an actress, but observing the Sabbath made Friday night theater shows a nonstarter.
She left home to attend the University of Leeds, where she met Jonathan Mendelsohn, a former Labour Party political strategist who now holds a seat in the House of Lords, making his wife Lady Mendelsohn.
Mendelsohn was unsure of what to do after university and decided to explore London’s advertising industry. Her friendliness clashed with the city’s stoicism—her chitchat drew strange looks on the Tube—but served her well in the creative and relationship-heavy ad business. She climbed the ranks of Britain’s top ad agencies, from Bartle Bogle Hegarty, to Grey, to Karmarama, running campaigns for Cadbury, Polaroid, and Häagen-Dazs’s entry into the U.K.
She and Jonathan married young, and Mendelsohn gave birth to the first of her four children at 26. Unlike some of her peers at Fortune 500 companies, she never really aimed to be a CEO or even to have a big career. Instead, she “wanted to be a grandmother” and to have a job that she was interested in and enjoyed. She kept working but at times prioritized family, choosing a four-day-a-week schedule and a 20% pay cut for years—until she heard from Carolyn Everson, a Facebook exec in a role similar to Mendelsohn’s today.
In 2013, Facebook needed someone to head its EMEA business, which was still nascent with less than $2 billion in revenue. Mendelsohn wasn’t an obvious choice; she’d never worked for a major global business or a tech company. But Mendelsohn was a consummate networker who made friends easily in Britain’s tight-knit advertising community. Plus, as president of Britain’s Institute of Practitioners in Advertising, she had championed digital advertising early. So she interviewed for the Facebook job, got it, and made the jump from four days a week to five, from British advertising to global technology.
In her eight years as vice president of EMEA, Mendelsohn oversaw 1,500% revenue growth to almost $28 billion annually. (Facebook recorded 1,700% growth in the same period.) She opened new offices and set up business operations in Norway, Israel, and South Africa. Mendelsohn centralized various “Africa” initiatives, from broadband access to user growth, to launch Facebook’s first office on the continent; in Israel, she capitalized on the startup culture to build products for small companies.
Along the way, Mendelsohn earned the respect of her bosses and her more technical colleagues. In addition to maintaining relationships with advertisers, she liaised between those customers and Facebook engineering teams, suggesting new features and products. “She understands our products. She understands the metrics. She understands what advertisers are looking for. But she also understands people and what makes them click,” says Sandberg, Mendelsohn’s former boss and Meta’s COO until she stepped down last August.
Mendelsohn became indispensable, weighing in on matters beyond her purview; while the 2020 advertiser boycott was a U.S. issue, her industry expertise from Europe made her a critical strategist in Facebook’s response. Nick Clegg, the U.K. deputy prime minister turned Facebook president of global affairs, remembers Mendelsohn’s ability to distinguish between general media uproar over Facebook’s role in politics and the key issues that advertisers wanted addressed, like their content appearing next to hate speech. “Some people might get into a tailspin. Others just shrug their shoulders,” Clegg says. “[She could] see wood for the trees.”
Only three years into her tenure at Facebook in 2016, Mendelsohn had made a name for herself. So when she received her diagnosis, she had allies in her corner.
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Mendelsohn’s “legendary energy,” as Clegg describes it, hasn’t faltered throughout our conversation at Meta’s NYC office. Until we get to a big topic: her cancer. Mendelsohn’s voice drops into a lower register; she gets quieter and sits back in her chair.
She’s told the story of her diagnosis before—to her bosses, to her employees, to supporters of the Follicular Lymphoma Foundation she started. But remembering the first time she told her four children gives her pause. She rests her head in her hands.
A week after Mendelsohn’s diagnosis, she and Jonathan sat the kids down around their dining room table in London. Her oldest child and only daughter, Gabi, was 20; her youngest son, Zac, was 11. “He was so little,” Mendelsohn remembers, her voice wavering. They had waited a week to figure out all the facts and so as not to ruin an elder son’s birthday party.
They told the kids that their mom had cancer. “I couldn’t get the words out,” Mendelsohn remembers. “Everything was happening in slow motion.” They couldn’t comfort the family by saying she would start treatment right away; her doctors recommended treating the cancer only when it progresses to a certain point. Zac asked if their mom was going to die.
The question was impossible to answer. Follicular lymphoma is considered incurable. No chemotherapy can ever guarantee that the cancer is entirely gone. Half of patients diagnosed make it five years; one-third live another 15 years.
After its initial slow progression, the disease “takes off” in the lymph nodes and bone marrow, explains Dr. Jonathan Simons, an oncologist and former professor of hematology who helped Mendelsohn establish the Follicular Lymphoma Foundation. For 18 months, Mendelsohn’s diagnosis was a fact of life as she and her family waited for doctors’ go-ahead to start treatment. She couldn’t do anything besides improve her diet and start exercising (boxing, walking, dancing).
After she began chemotherapy, Mendelsohn didn’t have the stereotypical experience. Her long, thick hair thinned, but she never had to wear the wig she bought in anticipation of losing all of it. And she didn’t take time off work. She says she never considered it even as Facebook endured the public’s wrath. She brought her laptop to treatment sessions and conducted meetings virtually. (She’s cofounded a pledge to support workers battling cancer with Publicis CEO Arthur Sadoun.) She was determined to maintain the life she’d built—at home and at work—despite the diagnosis: “Still married to the same guy, same job,” she jokes.
The pandemic cut short the final stage of her treatment—immunotherapy. She isolated in her London home, including from her youngest son when he went back to school. Her low B-cell count meant that COVID vaccines didn’t work on her. In April 2021 she received a drug that produced synthetic antibodies, allowing her to get back outside. Later that year she was promoted from VP of EMEA to VP of the global business group, a precursor to her current role, and moved to New York. She’s had no evidence of the cancer since 2018, but the nature of follicular lymphoma means the word “remission” doesn’t really apply.
Mendelsohn says her dedication to Facebook was less about furthering her career and more about advancing the company’s mission. For the ultimate people person, the possibilities that come with reaching 3 billion people each day were hard to give up. She’s a true believer in the good that can come from connecting people, a throwback to the earliest days of social media before the risks—fast-moving misinformation, the spread of hate speech—became clear. She finds meaning in supporting businesses, providing U.S. advertisers with $3.31 in revenue for every dollar they spend on Meta platform ads. “These are the kinds of numbers that get me and my team out of bed every day,” she told the press in May.
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This year has tested even the most ardent Meta supporter. After a COVID-era boom, the global advertising market has contracted, and Meta’s revenue growth has slowed. In mid-2022, Meta reported a decline in year-over-year revenue for the first time since its 2012 IPO. The 1% year-over-year dip—accompanied by a 36% drop in profit—was a wake-up call. CEO Mark Zuckerberg declared 2023 the “year of efficiency.” Translation: layoffs. Meta has initiated at least four separate rounds of cuts since November, slashing more than 21,000 workers, about 24% of its workforce.
Meta also faces threats that will outlast the calendar year. Its platforms are losing relevance among younger generations enraptured by rival TikTok. More generally, users have grown distrustful of social media; content from influencers and brands—not friends—floods their feeds. It’s possible that the social part of the social media era—which Facebook pioneered—has peaked.
That heavy question is for Zuckerberg to ponder. Mendelsohn is chipping away at the smaller, operational challenges on her plate.
In May, Meta’s layoffs hit the business groups where Mendelsohn is a leader alongside Justin Osofsky, who oversees smaller businesses, online sales and operations, and partnerships. She’s responded to low worker morale (made worse by the cuts’ staggered rollout) by spinning the focus on efficiency as a return to the good old days of Facebook. “This is kind of getting us back to our roots, getting us back to being much more agile, much more nimble,” she says. Meta can now “create and innovate new products in new and faster ways than we’ve done before.”
“[Nicola] understands our products. She understands the metrics. She understands what advertisers are looking for. But she also understands people and what makes them click.”
SHERYL SANDBERG, FORMER COO, META
Outside Meta, the economic outlook is grim too. Worldwide digital ad spending is forecast to reach $601 billion this year, but the pace of growth is slowing, according to Insider Intelligence. Between Facebook and Instagram, Meta eats up 20% of advertisers’ digital budget. In a downturn, they want proof that that strategy is paying off. Executives at Meta’s regular Global Client Council meetings of 25 top advertisers—which Mendelsohn hosts—once focused on hate speech. Now they’re concerned about return on their investment. “Where do we spend our money? How do we spend our money most effectively? Is it Facebook, Instagram Reels, or TikTok?” asks Lindsay Pattison, chief client officer for the British advertising and communications firm WPP.
A 2020 privacy tweak by Apple has made that gloomy ad climate worse. That year, Apple sent iOS users a prompt that asked if they wanted to be tracked when using Facebook and other apps. Meta estimated that such policies would cost it $10 billion in revenue. It has automated more of the advertising experience, helping to offset the cost for advertisers. Still, Mendelsohn goes after Apple: “A number of different businesses have cited bankruptcy [because] they weren’t able to target their customers directly,” she says, citing a hypothetical small-town pizza shop. But the Apple changes “impacted our business as well,” she acknowledges.
Then there’s TikTok. If the ByteDance-owned app can figure out how to monetize at the same level as Meta, it will earn billions more each year. “Could that come at the expense of someone else?” asks Bernstein Research analyst Mark Shmulik. “You just can’t ignore it, because they’re not standing still over at TikTok.” Mendelsohn says she’s focused on increasing value for advertisers: “They’re coming where they can get the growth, and they get that from us.”
Meta is hardly ignoring TikTok, yet some of its efforts to compete with the app may be cannibalizing its own business. Videos posted on Reels, Meta’s answer to TikTok, are longer than Stories, which means fewer opportunities to play ads in between posts—and lower monetization. Yet Meta claims users are watching more Reels—140 billion plays a day across Instagram and Facebook—and spending less time on the feed, which cuts into ad revenue. Mendelsohn says Facebook saw the same pattern when it introduced Stories, which initially monetized at a lower level than static image posts. Instagram Reels’ monetization efficiency improved 30% last quarter, Zuckerberg said in Meta’s most recent earnings report.
“[Meta is] in a pivotal moment—revenue growth has stalled. They’re not growing. They’re having massive cuts,” says Jefferies analyst Brent Thill. “They’re trying to experiment with new business models. But at the end of the day, the main engine is advertising, which is a really tough place right now given the economy.”
Mendelsohn says Zuckerberg’s new obsession—A.I.—can help solve those problems in small ways. The average Meta advertiser saw 20% higher conversions in the fourth quarter of 2022 mainly because of A.I., she says. In May, Meta announced the planned rollout of its “A.I. Sandbox” of tools: A.I. that adjusts brightness and text placement to increase ad performance, plus generative A.I. that writes copy and creates image backgrounds. Automating the nitty-gritty lets marketers spend more time on the skills that give them a “competitive advantage,” like developing campaigns and targeting the right users.
After months of disappointing earnings, Meta delivered good news in April. It reported 3% year-over-year sales growth, its first increase in almost a year and a sign it’s rebounding from the blow of Apple’s rule change and beginning to gain market share in short-form video.
Today, Mendelsohn’s cancer isn’t all-consuming. “Now I don’t think about it every day,” she says. “That’s something I never could have imagined when I was diagnosed.” What she does think about is finding a cure for follicular lymphoma, something she “absolutely” expects in her lifetime. A cure could be applied to other diseases that share follicular lymphoma’s DNA structure, like breast cancer. Simons calls Mendelsohn the “Michael J. Fox of follicular lymphoma.” The visibility—and money—a top Meta exec can bring to an under-resourced disease could change the lives of the 1.2 million people with this illness.
Still, a question looms: What if researchers don’t find a cure? Follicular lymphoma recurs in the average patient six to eight times, with increasing frequency. Mendelsohn is encouraged that her disease hasn’t returned for five years. Her young age at the time of her diagnosis makes her “not the typical follicular lymphoma patient,” which gives her hope that the other stats won’t apply either.
Mendelsohn’s upbeat outlook can at times feel at odds with the prospects in front of her. She’s not sure where the disposition comes from—“I’ve just always felt incredibly grateful, from being a child,” she says—but says it’s a by-product of focusing on what she can control, rather than “the very big thing.” That approach makes the challenges on her plate—whether living with cancer or the future of one of the world’s largest tech companies—a little easier to handle.
Today she flies around the world every week. She jetted between New York, Israel, Palo Alto, and King Charles III’s coronation in a one-month span this year. She set a goal to visit 100 countries, and crossed the 100th off her list with a holiday vacation to St. Lucia. And she remains as committed to the future of Meta as ever, metaverse included. “I can’t imagine being anywhere else,” she says. “I love Mark’s vision of where the next stage will get us to.”
“I’m getting on with my life,” Mendelsohn says. Online and off.
This article appears in the June/July 2023 issue of Fortune with the headline, “Meta’s true believer.”