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亚马逊送货无人机噪音过大,引起当地居民不满

PAOLO CONFINO
2024-08-21

无人机的噪音让当地居民深恶痛绝。

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对于得克萨斯州大学城的居民来说,亚马逊(Amazon)的无人机送货项目测试,已经是家常便饭。

大学城是亚马逊无人机送货项目的测试地点。得州农工大学(Texas A&M University)就坐落于此。该项目于2022年启动,其主要目标是测试如何用无人机处理部分包裹。2023年,亚马逊交付了多达约59亿个包裹。该项目的理念至少理论上是用无人机将人们在亚马逊上购买的日常家居用品和食品杂货送货上门。正如亚马逊CEO安迪·贾西去年在致投资者的信中所说的那样,Prime Air送货无人机最终将使亚马逊实现一小时内送货。贾西在年度致股东的信中写道:“无人机送货最开始肯定无法支持所有大小的包裹和所有地点,但我们相信,随着时间的推移无人机配送将无处不在。想象一下,客户购买易腐坏的商品,可以在一小时内送达,这将给客户的购物体验带来什么变化?”

然而,与货运物流有关的大多数事情一样,实际情况更加复杂。据美国消费者新闻与商业频道(CNBC)报道,对于大学城的127,000名居民而言,无人机的噪音让他们深恶痛绝。

40岁的小镇居民约翰·凯斯对美国消费者新闻与商业频道(CNBC)表示:“听起来好像是一大群蜜蜂。你知道无人机来了,因为它会发出巨大的噪音。”

另外一位大学城居民阿米娜·阿里汉形容无人机的噪音“就像是一只苍蝇在你耳边飞来飞去,而且你无法阻止。”

在近期内,噪音水平会进一步提高。今年5月,亚马逊向美国联邦航空管理局(Federal Aviation Administration,FAA)提交了一份计划书,将把无人机的飞行次数从每天200次增加到469次。

7月,针对亚马逊的计划,大学城市长约翰·尼科尔斯致信联邦航空管理局。

尼科尔斯在信中写道:“亚马逊Prime Air项目的申请中提到可能提高无人机送货频率,本地居民一直在向市议会表达担忧,他们担心噪音水平会进一步恶化,并且影响他们对其住宅的正常使用体验。”

在6月的市议会会议上,大学城的城市管理者布莱恩·C·伍兹表示,他进行过多次无人机测试,发现它们的噪音水平在47至61分贝之间。耶鲁环境健康与安全办公室(Yale Environmental Health and Safety)的分贝级别表显示,60分贝相当于一间办公室的噪声水平。伍兹给他的测试结果加了一条限制,称它们是“坊间”的测试结果。

据美国消费者新闻与商业频道(CNBC)报道,亚马逊与大学城居民举行过一次Zoom视频会议,该公司的一位高管在会上对当地居民称,该公司不会延长在该市的租约,并计划在2025年10月前搬迁。

亚马逊发言人山姆·斯蒂芬森表示,公司会“尽可能”考虑当地居民的反馈。斯蒂芬森没有否认亚马逊搬迁的可能性。“随着项目的推进,我们正在考虑未来的各种可能性,包括搬到其他地方。”

今年5月,亚马逊解决了在联邦航空管理局的一项重大监管障碍,为其扩展无人机送货项目扫清了道路。联邦航空管理局批准了亚马逊的申请,允许其无人机在地面操控人员视线以外更远距离飞行。联邦航空管理局在亚马逊开发出一种可避免无人机碰撞的技术后批准了其请求。其他多家正在研究无人机送货系统的公司,包括Alphabet和沃尔玛(Walmart)等,也为无人机开发出类似功能。

然而,其实早在因为噪音问题遭到投诉之前,亚马逊Prime Air项目的开展并不顺利。2013年,杰夫·贝佐斯在接受《60分钟》(60 Minutes)栏目采访时首次公布该项目,但之后该项目却停滞了多年。当时贝佐斯就曾预测,该项目需要多年时间才能完善,他预见到了许多复杂的问题。

贝佐斯对《60分钟》栏目称:“困难的部分在于保证所有冗余、可靠性和系统全部到位,你必须能确信:‘当人们在社区散步的时候,它不会落在某个人的头上。’发生这种情况可不是好事。”

2023年,Prime Air项目遭受重挫,当时亚马逊大幅削减成本,导致该部门被大量裁员。几个月后,到2023年8月,两位重要高管离职,其中包括所有测试业务的负责人。

大学城并非唯一一个因为干扰当地居民而陷入麻烦的Prime Air测试场地。亚马逊在加州洛克福德有一处类似的测试设施,这座小镇位于萨克拉门托以南40英里,人口约有4,000人。据《华盛顿邮报》报道,在Prime Air将在当地投放一批无人机的消息传出后,当地居民曾计划将它们击落。今年4月,亚马逊彻底离开该小镇,宣布将把无人机测试地点转移到亚利桑那州托尔森。(财富中文网)

译者:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

对于得克萨斯州大学城的居民来说,亚马逊(Amazon)的无人机送货项目测试,已经是家常便饭。

大学城是亚马逊无人机送货项目的测试地点。得州农工大学(Texas A&M University)就坐落于此。该项目于2022年启动,其主要目标是测试如何用无人机处理部分包裹。2023年,亚马逊交付了多达约59亿个包裹。该项目的理念至少理论上是用无人机将人们在亚马逊上购买的日常家居用品和食品杂货送货上门。正如亚马逊CEO安迪·贾西去年在致投资者的信中所说的那样,Prime Air送货无人机最终将使亚马逊实现一小时内送货。贾西在年度致股东的信中写道:“无人机送货最开始肯定无法支持所有大小的包裹和所有地点,但我们相信,随着时间的推移无人机配送将无处不在。想象一下,客户购买易腐坏的商品,可以在一小时内送达,这将给客户的购物体验带来什么变化?”

然而,与货运物流有关的大多数事情一样,实际情况更加复杂。据美国消费者新闻与商业频道(CNBC)报道,对于大学城的127,000名居民而言,无人机的噪音让他们深恶痛绝。

40岁的小镇居民约翰·凯斯对美国消费者新闻与商业频道(CNBC)表示:“听起来好像是一大群蜜蜂。你知道无人机来了,因为它会发出巨大的噪音。”

另外一位大学城居民阿米娜·阿里汉形容无人机的噪音“就像是一只苍蝇在你耳边飞来飞去,而且你无法阻止。”

在近期内,噪音水平会进一步提高。今年5月,亚马逊向美国联邦航空管理局(Federal Aviation Administration,FAA)提交了一份计划书,将把无人机的飞行次数从每天200次增加到469次。

7月,针对亚马逊的计划,大学城市长约翰·尼科尔斯致信联邦航空管理局。

尼科尔斯在信中写道:“亚马逊Prime Air项目的申请中提到可能提高无人机送货频率,本地居民一直在向市议会表达担忧,他们担心噪音水平会进一步恶化,并且影响他们对其住宅的正常使用体验。”

在6月的市议会会议上,大学城的城市管理者布莱恩·C·伍兹表示,他进行过多次无人机测试,发现它们的噪音水平在47至61分贝之间。耶鲁环境健康与安全办公室(Yale Environmental Health and Safety)的分贝级别表显示,60分贝相当于一间办公室的噪声水平。伍兹给他的测试结果加了一条限制,称它们是“坊间”的测试结果。

据美国消费者新闻与商业频道(CNBC)报道,亚马逊与大学城居民举行过一次Zoom视频会议,该公司的一位高管在会上对当地居民称,该公司不会延长在该市的租约,并计划在2025年10月前搬迁。

亚马逊发言人山姆·斯蒂芬森表示,公司会“尽可能”考虑当地居民的反馈。斯蒂芬森没有否认亚马逊搬迁的可能性。“随着项目的推进,我们正在考虑未来的各种可能性,包括搬到其他地方。”

今年5月,亚马逊解决了在联邦航空管理局的一项重大监管障碍,为其扩展无人机送货项目扫清了道路。联邦航空管理局批准了亚马逊的申请,允许其无人机在地面操控人员视线以外更远距离飞行。联邦航空管理局在亚马逊开发出一种可避免无人机碰撞的技术后批准了其请求。其他多家正在研究无人机送货系统的公司,包括Alphabet和沃尔玛(Walmart)等,也为无人机开发出类似功能。

然而,其实早在因为噪音问题遭到投诉之前,亚马逊Prime Air项目的开展并不顺利。2013年,杰夫·贝佐斯在接受《60分钟》(60 Minutes)栏目采访时首次公布该项目,但之后该项目却停滞了多年。当时贝佐斯就曾预测,该项目需要多年时间才能完善,他预见到了许多复杂的问题。

贝佐斯对《60分钟》栏目称:“困难的部分在于保证所有冗余、可靠性和系统全部到位,你必须能确信:‘当人们在社区散步的时候,它不会落在某个人的头上。’发生这种情况可不是好事。”

2023年,Prime Air项目遭受重挫,当时亚马逊大幅削减成本,导致该部门被大量裁员。几个月后,到2023年8月,两位重要高管离职,其中包括所有测试业务的负责人。

大学城并非唯一一个因为干扰当地居民而陷入麻烦的Prime Air测试场地。亚马逊在加州洛克福德有一处类似的测试设施,这座小镇位于萨克拉门托以南40英里,人口约有4,000人。据《华盛顿邮报》报道,在Prime Air将在当地投放一批无人机的消息传出后,当地居民曾计划将它们击落。今年4月,亚马逊彻底离开该小镇,宣布将把无人机测试地点转移到亚利桑那州托尔森。(财富中文网)

译者:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

Tests for Amazon’s drone delivery program have become a regular fact of life for residents of College Station, Texas.

The town, which is home to Texas A&M University, is the testing ground for Amazon’s drone delivery program. The program started in 2022, and its main goal is to figure out how to use drones to fulfill some of the estimated 5.9 billion packages Amazon delivered in 2023. The idea, in theory at least, is that these unmanned drones would pick up an order for the usual household items and tchotchkes people order on Amazon and deposit them at their house. As CEO Andy Jassy told investors in a letter last year, the Prime Air delivery drones will eventually allow Amazon to deliver packages in under an hour. “It won’t start off being available for all sizes of packages and in all locations, but we believe it’ll be pervasive over time,” wrote Jassy in his annual shareholder letter. “Think about how the experience of ordering perishable items changes with sub-one-hour delivery?”

However, as with most matters relating to shipping logistics, the practice is much more complicated. And for the 127,000 people of College Station, the din from the drones has become a nuisance, according to CNBC.

“It sounds like a giant hive of bees,” John Case, who has lived in the town for 40 years, told CNBC. “You know it’s coming because it’s pretty loud.”

Another College Station resident, Amina Alikhan, described the noise to CNBC as “a fly coming by your ear over and over, and you can’t make it stop.”

The noise levels could get worse in the near future. In May, Amazon submitted a proposal to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to increase the number of drone flights from 200 per day to 469.

In July, in response to Amazon’s proposal, College Station Mayor John Nichols wrote a letter to the FAA.

“With the potential to increase the frequency of drone deliveries to the amount stated in Amazon Prime Air’s request, residents have continued to voice their concerns to City Council that the noise levels will only get worse and will impact the enjoyment of their property,” Nichols wrote in the letter.

During a city council meeting in June, College Station city manager Bryan C. Woods said he conducted several tests of the drones and found their noise levels were between 47 and 61 decibels. Sixty decibels is roughly the same noise level of an office, according to a chart from Yale Environmental Health and Safety. Woods added a caveat to his findings by saying they were “anecdotal.”

Amazon held a Zoom call with residents of College Station, in which an executive told them the company would not renew its lease in the Texas metro and planned to move by October 2025, according to CNBC.

Amazon spokesperson Sam Stephenson said the company takes local feedback under consideration “wherever possible.” Stephenson left open the possibility Amazon could move to another location. “As our program evolves, we’re considering a variety of potential paths forward—including the possibility of alternate sites.”

In May, Amazon cleared a major regulatory hurdle with the FAA opening a path for it to expand its drone delivery program. The FAA approved Amazon’s request to have its drones fly greater distances outside the line of sight of the person piloting it on the ground. The FAA granted Amazon’s request after the company developed a technology that ensured the drones avoided collisions. Several other companies working on drone delivery systems, such as Alphabet and Walmart, have also developed similar capabilities for their drones.

However, even before the noise complaints, it hasn’t been entirely smooth sailing for Amazon’s Prime Air program. First announced by Jeff Bezos in 2013 during a 60 Minutes interview, the initiative’s progress stalled for several years. Even at the time Bezos predicted the project would take years to perfect, foreseeing numerous complexities.

“The hard part is putting in all the redundancy, all the reliability, all the systems you need to say, ‘Look, this thing can’t land on somebody’s head when they’re walking around their neighborhood,’” Bezos told 60 Minutes. “That’s not good.”

In 2023, Prime Air hit a major setback when it was caught up in an intense round of cost cutting across the company that resulted in numerous layoffs in the division. A few months later, in August 2023, two key executives left, including the one in charge of all testing operations.

College Station wasn’t the only Prime Air testing site that ran into trouble by disturbing local residents. Amazon had a similar testing facility in Lockeford, Calif., a town of about 4,000 people 40 miles south of Sacramento. When news broke that Prime Air was bringing a slew of drones to town, residents reportedly contemplated shooting them down, according to the Washington Post. In April, Amazon left the town altogether, announcing it was moving drone testing to Tolleson, Ariz.

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