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马斯克负责削减联邦政府支出,特斯拉却从政府那里拿到了380亿美元

ALENA BOTROS
2025-03-02

特斯拉曾获得数亿美元政府贷款。

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2月26日,埃隆·马斯克在白宫内阁会议上讲话。图片来源:AL DRAGO/BLOOMBERG VIA GETTY IMAGES

• 埃隆·马斯克的特斯拉(Tesla)和太空探索技术公司(SpaceX)从政府合同与监管信贷中受益匪浅。然而,他被指控在削减政府支出和就业岗位的同时,回避自身存在的利益冲突。据媒体报道,马斯克亲自向美国能源部(Energy Department)为特斯拉争取到4.65亿美元贷款,这笔贷款帮助公司度过了难关。

在美国大选期间,世界首富马斯克一直大力支持唐纳德·特朗普,于是在当选之后,特朗普将削减联邦政府支出的重任托付给了马斯克。 “政府效率部”(Department of Government Efficiency,DOGE)的官网宣称,其“预计可节省的总金额达650亿美元,涵盖欺诈检测/消除、合同/租约取消、合同/租约重新谈判、资产出售、资助取消、人员精简、项目调整和监管节流等多重手段。”

但《华盛顿邮报》的分析发现,执掌政府效率部的马斯克本人却经营着庞大的商业帝国。过去20年间,他旗下的公司通过政府合同、贷款、补贴和税收抵免等形式累计获得380亿美元政府资金支持。

《华盛顿邮报》报道称,其中近三分之二是在过去五年内到账。仅去年,联邦和地方财政就向其公司注入63亿美元,创下历史新高。

坐拥3,580亿美元身家的马斯克,旗下的公司包括电动汽车厂商特斯拉、火箭公司太空探索技术公司、社交媒体平台X(原Twitter)、人工智能公司xAI、脑机接口公司Neuralink、隧道基建公司The Boring Company。除此之外,他同时身兼政府特别雇员及总统高级顾问双重公职。

据《华盛顿邮报》披露,他所获得的政府资金支持,主要是美国宇航局(NASA)和国防部(Department of Defense)授予太空探索技术公司的合同,而特斯拉则获得了114亿美元监管信贷。颇具戏剧性的是,马斯克领导的政府效率部,作为一个非官方的节流机构,正着手在与马斯克旗下企业有合作关系的七家联邦机构削减人员、预算及合同。但面对潜在利益冲突,是否回避的主动权仍掌握在马斯克本人手中。白宫新闻秘书卡洛琳·莱维特曾表示总统声称:“若涉及政府效率部监管范围内的合同与资金存在利益冲突,马斯克将主动退出相关项目。”

由于该媒体的调查仅基于公开合同数据,且未涵盖国防及情报领域,实际金额可能更为庞大。报道指出,部分补贴和税收抵免的具体数额被刻意隐去。此外,《华盛顿邮报》称,从NASA到国防部等七大政府部门签订的52份合同显示,未来数年马斯克旗下的公司或将再获118亿美元拨款。

NASA的发言人证实,其对太空探索技术公司的累计投资已达150亿美元,这些资金助推了该公司的基建发展。而能源部4.65亿美元贷款更是特斯拉崛起的关键。一位熟悉公司财务的特斯拉前员工对《华盛顿邮报》透露:“如果没有这笔贷款,特斯拉可能早已破产。这笔贷款就是及时雨。”有两位知情者向该媒体透露,为争取贷款,马斯克曾亲自督战:他每天与高管开会核对材料,并耗费数小时的时间与政府信贷专员磋商。在贷款审核通过后才发现特斯拉缺少了一份必要认证,于是在圣诞节期间马斯克直接前往主管部门补办缺失的资质认证。

特斯拉与太空探索技术公司未就此事置评。

白宫副新闻秘书哈里森·菲尔兹通过邮件声明:“特朗普政府正全面审查使用纳税人的资金资助的每份合同。马斯克旗下公司的所有合同都将严格遵守与潜在利益冲突相关的政府道德规范。本届政府将以公正无私的态度,打击浪费、欺诈和权力滥用。”(财富中文网)

译者:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

• 埃隆·马斯克的特斯拉(Tesla)和太空探索技术公司(SpaceX)从政府合同与监管信贷中受益匪浅。然而,他被指控在削减政府支出和就业岗位的同时,回避自身存在的利益冲突。据媒体报道,马斯克亲自向美国能源部(Energy Department)为特斯拉争取到4.65亿美元贷款,这笔贷款帮助公司度过了难关。

在美国大选期间,世界首富马斯克一直大力支持唐纳德·特朗普,于是在当选之后,特朗普将削减联邦政府支出的重任托付给了马斯克。 “政府效率部”(Department of Government Efficiency,DOGE)的官网宣称,其“预计可节省的总金额达650亿美元,涵盖欺诈检测/消除、合同/租约取消、合同/租约重新谈判、资产出售、资助取消、人员精简、项目调整和监管节流等多重手段。”

但《华盛顿邮报》的分析发现,执掌政府效率部的马斯克本人却经营着庞大的商业帝国。过去20年间,他旗下的公司通过政府合同、贷款、补贴和税收抵免等形式累计获得380亿美元政府资金支持。

《华盛顿邮报》报道称,其中近三分之二是在过去五年内到账。仅去年,联邦和地方财政就向其公司注入63亿美元,创下历史新高。

坐拥3,580亿美元身家的马斯克,旗下的公司包括电动汽车厂商特斯拉、火箭公司太空探索技术公司、社交媒体平台X(原Twitter)、人工智能公司xAI、脑机接口公司Neuralink、隧道基建公司The Boring Company。除此之外,他同时身兼政府特别雇员及总统高级顾问双重公职。

据《华盛顿邮报》披露,他所获得的政府资金支持,主要是美国宇航局(NASA)和国防部(Department of Defense)授予太空探索技术公司的合同,而特斯拉则获得了114亿美元监管信贷。颇具戏剧性的是,马斯克领导的政府效率部,作为一个非官方的节流机构,正着手在与马斯克旗下企业有合作关系的七家联邦机构削减人员、预算及合同。但面对潜在利益冲突,是否回避的主动权仍掌握在马斯克本人手中。白宫新闻秘书卡洛琳·莱维特曾表示总统声称:“若涉及政府效率部监管范围内的合同与资金存在利益冲突,马斯克将主动退出相关项目。”

由于该媒体的调查仅基于公开合同数据,且未涵盖国防及情报领域,实际金额可能更为庞大。报道指出,部分补贴和税收抵免的具体数额被刻意隐去。此外,《华盛顿邮报》称,从NASA到国防部等七大政府部门签订的52份合同显示,未来数年马斯克旗下的公司或将再获118亿美元拨款。

NASA的发言人证实,其对太空探索技术公司的累计投资已达150亿美元,这些资金助推了该公司的基建发展。而能源部4.65亿美元贷款更是特斯拉崛起的关键。一位熟悉公司财务的特斯拉前员工对《华盛顿邮报》透露:“如果没有这笔贷款,特斯拉可能早已破产。这笔贷款就是及时雨。”有两位知情者向该媒体透露,为争取贷款,马斯克曾亲自督战:他每天与高管开会核对材料,并耗费数小时的时间与政府信贷专员磋商。在贷款审核通过后才发现特斯拉缺少了一份必要认证,于是在圣诞节期间马斯克直接前往主管部门补办缺失的资质认证。

特斯拉与太空探索技术公司未就此事置评。

白宫副新闻秘书哈里森·菲尔兹通过邮件声明:“特朗普政府正全面审查使用纳税人的资金资助的每份合同。马斯克旗下公司的所有合同都将严格遵守与潜在利益冲突相关的政府道德规范。本届政府将以公正无私的态度,打击浪费、欺诈和权力滥用。”(财富中文网)

译者:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

• Elon Musk’s Tesla and SpaceX have benefited from government contracts and regulatory credits. Still, he is charged with slashing government spending and jobs, recusing himself when a conflict of interest is present. A reported $465 million loan from the Energy Department to Tesla—that Musk personally fought for—helped him navigate the company through difficult days.

President Donald Trump entrusted the richest man in the world to cut costs for the federal government after he backed him throughout the election. The online tracker for the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) claims its “total estimated savings are $65 billion, which is a combination of fraud detection/deletion, contract/lease cancellations, contract/lease renegotiations, asset sales, grant cancellations, workforce reductions, programmatic changes, and regulatory savings.”

But DOGE’s Elon Musk runs a business empire of his own—one that reportedly collected $38 billion in government funding through a collection of government contracts, loans, subsidies, and tax credits that go as far back as 20 years, an analysis by the Washington Post revealed.

Almost two-thirds of the $38 billion in funds were promised to his businesses in the past five years, the Washington Post reported. Last year alone, $6.3 billion in federal and local funding was devoted to Musk’s companies—the largest amount committed thus far, the publication said.

Musk is worth $358 billion. He owns and runs several companies such as electric-car maker Tesla; rocket maker SpaceX; social media platform X (which was once Twitter); artificial intelligence company xAI; brain computer interface company Neuralink; and tunneling service the Boring Company. On top of that, he is a special government employee and senior advisor to the president.

Government contracts to Musk’s SpaceX from NASA and the Department of Defense make up most of the funds, while Tesla has collected $11.4 billion in regulatory credits, per the Washington Post. Interestingly enough, DOGE, the non-Cabinet cost-cutting body of Musk’s, has looked to slash staff, budgets, and contracts at each of the seven agencies his companies have contracts with. Still, it is Musk who will decide when there is a conflict of interest and when he should remove himself. White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt earlier said the President claimed that “if Elon Musk comes across a conflict of interest with the contracts and the funding that DOGE is overseeing, then Elon will excuse himself from those contracts.”

The total amount of funding for his businesses could be higher, since the outlet only looked at publicly available contracts; defense and intelligence matters were not included. Not to mention, the reporting found other grants and tax credits where the exact amount was omitted. Plus, 52 contracts with seven government agencies from NASA to the Department of Defense are on the hook to potentially pay his companies another $11.8 billion in the next few years, according to the Washington Post.

Contracts from NASA and the Department of Defense helped build SpaceX’s infrastructure, the outlet reported—a NASA spokesperson told the publication that it has invested $15 billion in SpaceX. A $465 million loan from the Energy Department helped Tesla scale to what it is today. “Tesla would not have survived without the loan,” a former Tesla employee familiar with the company’s finances told the Washington Post. “It was a critical loan at a critical time.” Musk was personally involved in securing the loan, two people familiar told the publication; he held daily meetings with Tesla executives to discuss the necessary paperwork and spent hours with a government loan officer. When the loan went through, it was discovered that Tesla was missing a certification to actually qualify, so Musk, around Christmastime, went directly to the corresponding administrator to make it happen.

Tesla and SpaceX did not respond to Fortune’s request for comment.

Principal deputy press secretary Harrison Fields said in an email: “President Trump and his entire administration is committed to executing a head to toe assessment of every contract the American people are funding with their taxpayer dollars. Any contracts connected to Elon Musk’s very successful companies will comply with every government ethics rule as it pertains to potential conflicts of interests. The Trump administration will not play favorites in its mission to cut waste, fraud, and abuse.”

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