Turkcell打造世界最快网络的秘决

    Turkcell的光纤网络是瑟利夫BOT信心的重要支柱。通过子公司Turkcell Superonline，Turkcell的光纤网络现已联通土耳其81个城市中的73个。每秒千兆的传输能力使其跻身全球最快的网络行列。2009年12月，同土耳其政府签订的一项BOT项目大大增强了Turkcell的网络。Turkcell支付了2,090万欧元来建设和租用15年土耳其国有管线公司的光纤网络，获得11,280公里新光纤的接入权（其中半数光纤早已建成投入使用）。这一协议将Turkcell的光纤服务延伸到了新的地区，可与邻国实现新的跨境接入，同时通过可替代数据途径强化了现有的服务。

    瑟利夫称，Turkcell获得如此大好机会源于公司2008年的大胆投资。当时面对金融市场的剧烈震荡，很多公司都拽紧钱袋当上了守财奴。Turkcell迄今已向光纤网络投资了超过10亿土耳其里拉（约5.70亿美元）的资金。资深电信专家和独立分析师杰夫•卡甘指出，对高网速的执着追求使Turkcell赢得了竞争优势，也正是这关键的一步确立了Turkcell在全球电信业日益重视高网速的时代的前沿地位。

    友好的政府和蓬勃发展的经济并不意味着瑟利夫就不会遇到困难。先期发布的一些分析师报告预计，由于白俄罗斯卢布贬值，Turkcell周三发布的季报可能不佳。另外，几周前，瑞典股东移动运营商TeliaSonera AB和俄罗斯股东电信控股公司Altimo试图从土耳其大股东Cukurova Holding手中夺取Turkcell的掌控权。或许是为了阻止非土耳其股东掌控这家公司，土耳其资本市场委员会（Turkish Capital Markets Board）宣布了一项新规定，要求所有土耳其公司都至少拥有两名（或三分之一）以上的独立股东。

    不出所料，瑟利夫公开表示欢迎这一新规，并声称Lazard这样的自由流通股投资者同样也像他一样希望让Turkcell继续保留土耳其身份。（10月23日土耳其东部大地震发生后，Turkcell立即采取行动，宣布免除一个月的通话和短信费用，并将捐赠物资交给公司当地员工进行分配。）

    瑟利夫承认其他地区的同行（比如欧元区）无法照搬土耳其的政策。他指出欧元区内部国家之多和议程之复杂是其内在缺陷，“土耳其的做法简单有效，但在欧元区我看不到这样的做法。”【瑟利夫对《财富》杂志（Fortune）作上述表态的时间甚至遭遇周二希腊宣布将对欧盟救助计划进行全民公投。希腊的举动令其他欧洲国家一时气结。】而在美国，外国公司支持的BOT项目也可能成为政治雷区。瑟利夫并不打算让Turkcell的增长放缓，也不打算停止宣传他的公司和国家是取得这些成就的成功之道。他的欧洲同行们或许应该听听。

    The company's fiber optics are a big part of Ciliv's belief in BOT. Through its subsidiary Turkcell Superonline, the company's fiber optics now pass through 73 of 81 cities in Turkey. Its 1,000 megabits-per-second capability makes it one of the fastest in the world. Turkcell's network got a major jolt from a BOT project with the Turkish state in December 2009. The company paid 20.9 million euros to build and lease the fiber optic network of Turkey's state-owned pipeline company for 15 years, giving it the right of way to 11,280 kilometers of new fiber, half of which is up and running already. The agreement expanded Turkcell's fiber optic service to new regions, allowed for new cross-border points with neighbors, and also bolstered its existing service by allowing alternative data paths.

    Ciliv says that Turkcell got to its position of opportunity by investing aggressively in 2008, when many companies were tightening their belts and hoarding capital in the face of the tumult in the markets. The company has invested over TRY1 billion (about $570 million) into its fiber network infrastructure. Such a commitment to high speed gives Turkcell a competitive advantage, according to longtime telecom expert and independent analyst Jeff Kagan, "a winning move" that keeps Turkcell at the forefront of the global telecom industry's increasing focus on high speed.

    A friendly government and booming economy haven't meant Ciliv has avoided difficulty. The company's quarterly earnings, to be released tomorrow, may take a hit due to a devalued Belarussian ruble, according to advance analysts' reports. What's more, shareholders TeliaSonera AB from Sweden and Altimo from Russia tried to seize control of the telecom company from the main Turkish shareholder, Cukurova Holding, several weeks ago. Perhaps to help block such a takeover by non-Turks, the Turkish Capital Markets Board announced a new rule requiring Turkish companies to have at least two, or a one-third proportion, of board members be independent.

    Not surprisingly, Ciliv was openly pleased by the move, and argues that free float investors such as Lazard want the company to stay Turkish as he does. (More recently, his company scrambled after a devastating Oct. 23 earthquake in eastern Turkey, providing free calls and texts for a month and sending donated supplies to be distributed by its employees on the ground.)

    Ciliv admits his Eurozone colleagues, for one, won't be able to simply copy Turkey's policies. Ciliv points to the range of nationalities and agendas in the Eurozone as its inherent shortcoming, noting ironically, "I don't see the simple approach [that] works well in Turkey."(Ciliv told Fortune this even before Greece pushed other European nations to apoplexy by announcing its bailout-threatening referendum yesterday.) In the U.S., meanwhile, BOT schemes backed by foreign firms may become political mine fields. For his part, Ciliv has no intention of letting Turkcell's growth slow or ceasing to spread the word on how his company and country do it. His European peers might do well to listen.